Microparticles

Microparticles have been found to have widespread applications in medicine, biochemistry, colloid chemistry, and aerosol research. Uses include chromatographic separation media, supports for immobilized enzymes, and spacers in liquid crystal displays.

Products

• Fluorescent Microparticles
• Monodisperse Microparticles
• Dyed Microparticles
• Magnetic Microparticles
• Silica Microparticles
• Calibration Size Standards

Learning Center

• Synthesis and Properties of Microparticles
• Washing Microparticles by Centrifugation - Protocol
• Coupling to Microparticles Protocol
• Microparticles in Microscopy Protocol
• Determination of particles number
• Microparticle Handling and Storage
• Microparticle Quality Assurance
• References

Handling and Storage

MF-PARTICLES: Aqueous dispersions of melamine resin particles have an almost unlimited stability. They can be washed with alcohol, air dried and autoclaved. A great advantage of MF-particles in comparison to PS-particles is that MF-Particles can also be frozen. Dried particles can be redispersed in water without any agglomeration.

PS-PARTICLES: Aqueous dispersion of PS particles should not be frozen and dried. We recommend storage at 4 °C in a refrigerator. To avoid microbial growth, a small amount of a preservative ( commonly 0.02% sodium azide ) can be added.

All products are for research use only and are not intended for use in humans or in vitro diagnostic use.

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Quality Assurance

Our polymer particles undergo rigorous quality control to measure particle size, particle size distribution, surface charge and surface charge density, surface chemical composition, porosities, and others. For characterization of the particles, the following techniques are used:

• transmission electron microscopy
• scanning electron microscopy
• optical microscopy
• photon correlation spectroscopy (PCS, Coulter^TM N4 Plus Submicron Particle Sizer)
• Coulter^TM Counter (Multisizer II)
• conductometry
• potentiometry
• Zeta-potential measurements
• FTIR, ESCA, BET

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References

1. Kombinierte elektronenmikroskopische, konduktometrische und partikelelektrophoretische Untersuchungen zum Einflu_ verschiedener Reinigungstechniken auf die Oberfldchen-morphologie und Ober-fldchenladung monodisperser Polystyrenlatices. Lerche, K.-H., Kretzschmar, G.,Richter-Mendau, J.VI. Intern. Tagung |ber Grenzfldchenaktive Stoffe, Abh. Akad. Wiss. 1986 Nr. 1N, Akademieverlag Berlin 1987
2. Lateximmunoassays Linneke, P., Lerche, K.-H. Zbl. Gynvkol. 1986, 108, 620-622
3. Untersuchungen zur Nahrungsaufnahme von tierischen Einzellern unter Verwendung von M/F-Polymerpartikeln als Modellnahrung Arndt, H., Lerche, K.-H.Interner Forschungsbericht 1988
4. Effectiveness of Purification Techniques in Cleaning Polymer Dispersions Lerche, K.-H., Kretzschmar, G. Material Sci. Forum 1988, 356, 25-26
5. A New Red Fluorescent M/F-Latex Particle for Single Particle Optical SizingPelssers, E., Lerche, K.-H. Colloids and Surfaces 1989, 34(3), 241
6. Verfahren zur Fixierung von Lipidschichten an polymeren TrdgeroberfldchenRothe, U., Lerche, K.-H., Weissig, V., Niedermann, G. DD 297 170 (1990)
7. Simultaneous Determination of Size Distribution and Refractive Index of Colloidal Particles from Static Light-Scattering Experiments Schnablegger, H., Glatter, O.J. Colloid Interface Sci. 1993, 158, 228-242
8. Plasma Crystal: Coulomb Crystallization in a Dusty PlasmaThomas, H., Morfill, G. E., Demmel, V., Goree, J., Feuerbacher, B., Mvhlmann, D.Phys. Rev. Lett. 1994, 73, 652
9. Measurement of the Electric Charge on Particulates Forming Coulomb Crystals in the Sheath of a RF-Plasma Trottenberg, Th., Melzer, A., Piel, A.Plasma Sources Sci. Technol. 1995, 4, 450-458
10. Neue Monodisperse Polymerpartikel f|r Forschung, Entwicklung und Qualitdtssicherung Lerche, K.-H. , Bohrisch, J.Laborpraxis 1996, 3
11. Three-Dimensional Imaging of Rhodamine 123 Fluorescence Distribution in Human Melanoma Cells by Means of Confocal Laser Scanning MicroscopyPorwol, T., Merten, E., Opitz, N., Acker, H. Acta Anat. 1996, 157, 116-125
12. Micron and Sub-micron Aerosol Sizing with a Standard Phase-Doppler Anemometer Gvbel, G., Wriedt, Th., Bauckhage, K.J. Aerosol Sci. 1998, 29, 1063
13. Influence of Polyelectrolyte Multilayer Coating on Fvrster Resonance Energy Transfer between 6-Carboxy-fluorescein and Rhodamine B-labeled Particles in Aqueous Solution Caruso, F., Donath, E., Mvhwald, H.J. Phys. Chem., B 1998, 162, 2011-2016
14. Layer-by-Layer Self Assembly of Polyelectrolytes on Colloidal ParticlesSukhorukov, G.B., Donath, E., Lichtenfeld, H., Knippel, H., Knippel, M., Budde, A., Mvhwald, H. Colloids Surf., A 1998, 137, 253-266
15. Neuartige Polymerhohlkvrper durch Selbstorganisation von Polyelektrolyten auf kolloidalen Templaten Donath, E., Sukhorukov, G.B., Caruso, F., Davis, S.A., Mvhwald, H. Angew. Chem. 1998, 110(16), 2324-2327
16. Stepwise Polyelectrolyte Assembly on Particle Surfaces: A Novel Approach to Colloid Design Sukhorukov, G.B., Donath, E., Davis, S.A.., Lichtenfeld, H., Caruso, F., Popov, V. I., Mvhwald, H. Polym. Adv. Technol. 1998, 9, 1-9
17. Treatment of Dust Particles in an RF Plasma Monitored by Mie Scattering Rotating Compensator Ellipsometry Swinkels, G.H.P.M., Stoffels, E., Stoffels, W.W., Simons, N., Kroesen, G.M., de Hoog, F.J. Pure & Appl. Chem. 1998, 70, 1151-1156
18. Nanoengineering of Inorganic and Hybrid Hollow Spheres by Colloidal Templating Caruso, F., Caruso, R.A., Mvhwald, H. Science 1998, 282, 1111-1114
19. Polyelektrolytkapseln im Submikrometer- und Mikrometerbereich Donath, E., Sukhorukov, G.B., Mvhwald, H. Nachr. Chem. Tech. Lab. 1999, 47(4), 400-404
20. Hollow Polyelectrolyte Shells: Exclusion of Polymers and Donnan Equilibrium Sukhorukov, G.B., Brumen, M., Donath, E., Mvhwald, H. J. Phys. Chem., B 1999, 103(31), 6434-6440
21. Selbstorganisierte, semipermeable Kapseln mit Durchmessern im Sub-Mikrometerbereich Bergbreiter, D.E. Angew. Chem. 1999, 111, 3044-3046
22. Production of Hollow Microspheres from Nanostructured Composite Particles Caruso, F., Caruso, R.A., Mvhwald, H. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11(11), 3309-3314
23. Core-Shell Particles and Hollow Shells Containing Metallo-Supramolecular Components Caruso, F., Sch|ler, C., Kurth, D.G. Chem. Mater. 1999, 11(11), 3394-3399
24. Formation of Luminescent Spherical Core-Shell Particles by the Consecutive Adsorption of Polyelectrolyte and CdTe(S) Nanocrystals on Latex ColloidsSusha, A.S., Caruso, F., Rogach, A.L., Sukhorukov, G.B., Kornowski, A., Mvhwald, H., Giersig, M., Eychm|ller, A., Weller, H., Colloids Surf., A 2000, 163, 39-44
25. Hollow Capsule Processing through Colloidal Templating and Self-AssemblyCaruso, F. Chem. Eur. J. 2000, 6(3), 413-419
26. Space-Station Airlock to Serve as Temporary Lab Abbott, A. Nature 2000, 405, 7
27. Assembly of b-Glucosidase Multilayers on Spherical Colloidal Particles and their Use as Active Catalysts Caruso, F., Fiedler, H., Haage, K.Colloids Surf., A 2000, 196, 287-293
28. From Langmuir Monolayers to NanocapsulesMvhwald, H. Colloids Surf., A 2000, 171, 25-31
29. Lipid Coating on Polyelectrolyte Surface Modified Colloidal Particles and Polyelectrolyte Capsules Moya, S., Donath, E., Sukhorukov, G.B., Auch, M., Bcumler, H., Lichtenfeld, H., Mvhwald, H. Macromolecules 2000, 33(12), 4538-4544
30. Membrane Filtration for Microencapsulation and Microcapsules Fabrication by Layer-by-Layer Polyelectrolyte Adsorption Voigt, A., Lichtenfeld, H., Sukhorukov, G.B., Zastrow, H., Donath, E., Bdumler, H., Mvhwald, H. Ind. Eng. Chem. Res. 2000, 38(10), 4037-4043
31. Microencapsulation by Means of Step-Wise Adsorption of Polyelectrolyte Sukhorukov, G.B., Donath, E., Moya, S., Susha, A.S., Voigt, A., Hartmann, J., Mvhwald, H.J. Microencapsulation 2000, 17(2), 177-185
32. Controlled Precipitation of Dyes into Hollow Polyelectrolyte Capsules Based on Colloids and Biocolloids Sukhorukov, G.B., Dvhne, L., Hartmann, J., Donath, E., Mvhwald, H. Adv. Mater. 2000, 12(2), 112-115
33. Zertifizierte NIST- bzw. BCR-konforme monodisperse Parikel f|r die Standardisierung von Partikelgrv_enbestimmungen Winkler, K., Lerche, K.-H. GIT Labor-Fachzeitschrift 2000, 5, 605-608
34. Scanning Force Microscopy Investigation of Polyelectrolyte Nano- and Microcapsule Wall Texture Leporatti, S., Voigt, A., Mitlvhner, R., Sukhorukov, G.B., Donath, E., Mvhwald, H. Langmuir 2000, 16(9), 4059-4063
35. Assembly of Alternated Multivalent Ion/Polyelectrolyte Layers on Colloidal Particles. Stability of the Multilayers and Encapsulation of Macromolecules into Polyelectrolyte Capsules Radtchenko, I.L., Sukhorukov, G.B., Leporatti, S Khomutov, G.B., Donath, E., Mvhwald, H. J. Colloid Interface Sci. 2000, 230, 272-280
36. Nanoengineering of Particle Surfaces Caruso, F. Adv. Mater. 2001, 13(1), 11-22
37. Urease Encapsulation in Nanoorganized Microshells Lvov, Y., Antipov, A.A., Mamedov, A., Mvhwald, H., Sukhorukov, G.B. Nano Letters 2001,1(3),125-128

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