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BOC-Arylpiperazines | Polymer-supported Pd Cats | Pd EnCats™ | VersaFlash™
Sigma-Aldrich is pleased to announce an agreement with
Reaxa to distribute Pd EnCat™
(encapsulated palladium catalysts) worldwide.
Click here for Pd EnCat™ Cheminar (Chemistry web-based seminar).
Click here for Pd EnCat™ Experimental Guide (521 KB).
Homogeneous palladium catalysts are widely utilized due to their versatility,
reactivity, and functional group tolerance. However, using conventional
homogeneous palladium catalysts presents some challenges, especially with clean-up of reaction
mixtures, including:
- Possible palladium contamination of intermediates and/or product
- Palladium contamination of reaction vessel and associated clean-up costs
- Contamination and cost of waste streams such as extraction and washing solvents
- Cost of catalyst lost during reaction and reaction work-up
Pd EnCat™ addresses these issues by using microencapsulation technology to
immobilize the palladium, optionally with activating ligands, within a
highly crosslinked polyurea matrix. The catalytic activity of
palladium is accessed through the porous matrix, thereby leaving the
palladium captured within it.
Reaction Types
| Suzuki |
 |
| Heck |
 |
| Stille |
 |
| Carbonylation |
 |
| Transfer Hydrogenation |
 |
| Hydrogenation |
 |
Advantages of Pd EnCat™:
- Low residual metal levels in final crude product (typically < 10ppm before purification)
- Easy recovery of catalysts by filtration and catalyst recycle
- Safer and easier to handle than Pd/C for hydrogenation reactions
- Compatibility with a wide range of process technology options, e.g., fixed bed, fluidized bed, trickle bed, and microwave reactors
| Prod. No. |
Name |
Matrix Content (%) |
Pd
(mmol/g) |
P
(mmol/g) |
Ligand |
Units |
|
64,472-2 |
Pd EnCat™ 40 |
40 |
~.40 |
N/A |
N/A |
1g, 10g, 100g |
|
64,471-4 |
Pd EnCat™ 30 |
30 |
~.40 |
N/A |
N/A |
1g, 10g, 100g |
|
64,470-6 |
Pd EnCat™ TPP30 |
30 |
~.40 |
0.26 - 0.35 |
Ph3P |
1g, 10g, 100g |
|
64,469-2 |
Pd EnCat™ TOTP30 |
30 |
~.40 |
0.15 - 0.20 |
(o-toyl)3P |
1g, 10g, 100g |
|
65,869-3 |
Pd EnCat™ BINAP30 |
30 |
~.40 |
~.20 |
N/A |
1g, 10g, 100g |
|
65,366-7 |
Pd(0) EnCat™ 30NP, Wet |
30 |
~.40 |
N/A |
N/A |
1g, 10g, 100g |
References:
- Yu, J. et al. Chem Comm. 2003, 678
- Bremeyer, N. et al., Synlett. 2002, 11, 1843
- Ley, S.V. et al. Chem Comm. 2002, 10, 1134
- Chandrashekar, R. et al. Chem Comm. 2002, 10, 1132
- Vickerstaffe, E. et al. Org. Biomol. Chem. 2003, 1,
2419
- Ley, S.V. et al. Org. Lett. 2003, 5(24), 4665
Pd EnCat™ technology, international patent applications have been applied
for by Reaxa, including PCT/GB 02/03135'
For bulk inquiries, please call us at 800-336-9719 (USA) or go to www.sigma-aldrich.com/safc.
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