Find Gamma 1 Actin Products |
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| Gene ACTG2; Gene ACTH_Human |
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| Actin, gamma 2, smooth muscle, enteric |
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| NCBI/Entrez |
72 |
| HGNC |
145 |
| UniProt/Swiss-Prot/ UniProt/TrEMBL |
P63267,
Q562S2,
Q504R1
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| Ensembl |
ENSG00000163017 |
| GDB |
125198 |
| OMIM |
102545 |
| GeneLoc |
GC02P074031 |
| Synonyms: ACT, ACTA3, ACTE, Actin, gamma-enteric smooth muscle, ACTL3, ACTSG, Alpha-actin-3, Smooth muscle gamma actin . |
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Actin, gamma 2, Smooth Muscle, Enteric (ACTG2)
Homo sapiens
Gamma-enteric smooth muscle actin, SMGA, is a 42 kDa, 374 amino acids long protein coded by the ACTG2 gene (Gene map locus 2p13.1) that is post-translationally modified (PTM) by N-terminal acetylation. Gamma-enteric smooth muscle actin is the monomeric (G-Actin) component of the two-stranded helix structural filament, filamentous actin (F-actin) found in the cytoplasm.
Gamma-enteric smooth muscle actin is one of six actin proteins coded by the highly conserved actin gene family. This family also includes: alpha skeletal, skActin (ACTA1); alpha cardiac, caActin, (ACTC1); alpha vascular, SMactin, (ACTA2); beta-actin (ACTB); and gamma 1, gamma(cyto) (ACTG1) actin genes. Actin isotypes are sequence diverse primarily in their N-terminal regions.
Smooth muscle gamma-actin (SMGA), immunochemically defined by its B4 epitope, is found in smooth muscle cells and post-meiotic spermatocytes. It was originally studied in gizzard smooth muscle cells. SMGA and alpha-SM-actin are early markers of vascular and enteric smooth muscle cell differentiation. SMGA expression becomes restricted during early embryonic development to vascular (aortic and oviduct) and gastrointestinal tract (enteric) tissues. The expression of SMGA mRNA is positively regulated by cis-coactivation by the transcription factors; serum response factor (SRF) and NKx3-1, a homologue of the Drosophila NK-3 homeodomain gene bagpipe. In LNCaP cancer cells and normal prostrate epithelial cells Nkx3-1 upregulation is androgen-dependent and in smooth muscle cells SRF upregulation is promoted by the small GTPase, RhoA.
Sigma offers antibodies and shRNAs useful for the study of ACTG2 gene products.
References:
Carson JA, Culberson DE, Thompson RW, Fillmore RA, Zimmer W. (2003) Smooth muscle gamma-actin promoter regulation by RhoA and serum response factor signaling. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1628: 133-9.
Carson JA, Fillmore RA, Schwartz RJ, Zimmer WE. (2000) The smooth muscle gamma-actin gene promoter is a molecular target for the mouse bagpipe homologue, mNkx3-1, and serum response factor. Biochim Biophys Acta. 1628: 133-9.
Filmore RA, Dean DA, Zimmer WE. (2002) The smooth muscle gamma-actin gene is androgen responsive in prostate epithelia. Gene Expr. 10: 201-11.
Kim E, Waters SH, Hake LE, Hecht NB. (1989) Identification and developmental expression of a smooth-muscle gamma-actin in postmeiotic male germ cells of mice. Mol Cell Biol. 9: 1875-81.
Zhang Y, Fillmore RA, Zimmer WE. (2008) Structural and functional analysis of domains mediating interaction between the bagpipe homologue, nkx3.1 and serum response factor. Exp Biol Med (Maywood). 233: 297-309.
Footnote: Gene Data Sources: HGNC, Entrez Gene, UniProt/Swiss-Prot, UniProt/TrEMBL, GDB, OMIM, GeneLoc, Ensembl.
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