Carbohydrates
play an important role in living matter. Furthermore, techniques in biochemistry
and biology rely very much on carbohydrates. Many modern separation techniques
(chromatography, electrophoresis) are based on cellulose, dextran, agarose
etc. as supporting materials, some of which are in a chemically modified form.
Nutrients for microorganisms are very often based on carbohydrates as the carbon
source. Mono- and oligosaccharides are stabilizing additives for enzymes and
components in isotonic solutions - to name but a few applications.
The main
source of energy is derived from carbohydrates generally in the form of sugars.
The major sugars used are glucose and galactose however some
media contain maltose or fructose. The concentration of sugar varies from
basal media containing 1g/l to 4.5g/l in some more complex media. Media containing
the higher concentration of sugars are able to support the growth of a wider
range of cell types.