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ESR1 - estrogen receptor 1
Entrez Gene Name: estrogen receptor 1
Entrez GeneID: Human(2099), Mouse(13982), Rat(24890)
Synonyms: AA420328, Alpha estrogen receptor, AU041214, DKFZp686N23123, ER, ER ALPHA, Er alpha (46 kDa isoform), ER66, ER a , ERA, ESR, ESR1, ESRA, ESTR, ESTRA, ESTROGEN RECEPTOR ALPHA, ESTROGEN RECEPTOR1, NR3A1, RNESTROR, TERP-1

Gene Summary

  • Human (2099): This gene encodes an estrogen receptor, a ligand-activated transcription factor composed of several domains important for hormone binding, DNA binding, and activation of transcription. The protein localizes to the nucleus where it may form a homodimer or a heterodimer with estrogen receptor 2. Estrogen and its receptors are essential for sexual development and reproductive function, but also play a role in other tissues such as bone. Estrogen receptors are also involved in pathological processes including breast cancer, endometrial cancer, and osteoporosis. Alternative splicing results in several transcript variants, which differ in their 5' UTRs and use different promoters. [provided by RefSeq]
  • Rat (24890): acts as a transcriptional activator when bound to estrogen; may play a role in myocardial regulation [RGD]
Molecular Functions | Biological Process | Cellular Components | Protein Domains | Subcellular Locations | Pathways | Literature References | IPA Extras

Cell Regulation

Regulates:
  • ESR1
  • PGR
  • CCND1
View all 459 in IPA
Regulated by:
  • beta-estradiol
  • ESR1
  • 4-hydroxytamoxifen
View all 441 in IPA
Binds:
  • beta-estradiol
  • NCOA1
  • NCOA2
View all 497 in IPA
Role in cell:
  • proliferation
  • apoptosis
  • growth
View all 40 in IPA
Disease:
  • breast cancer
  • neoplasia
  • cancer
View all 86 in IPA

Biological Process

cell growth, estrogen receptor signaling pathway, negative regulation of mitosis, neuroprotection, positive regulation of survival gene product expression, positive regulation of transcription from RNA polymerase II promoter, regulation of transcription, DNA-dependent, response to estrogen stimulus, signal transduction, transcription

Cellular Components

chromatin remodeling complex, cytoplasm, neuron projection, nucleus, perikaryon, plasma membrane, T-tubule, terminal button

Literature References

  • 15538384Tateishi Y, Kawabe Y, Chiba T, Murata S, Ichikawa K, Murayama A, Tanaka K, Baba T, Kato S, Yanagisawa J. Ligand-dependent switching of ubiquitin-proteasome pathways for estrogen receptor.EMBO J 2004 Dec 08;23(24):4813-23
  • 15342491Aiyar SE, Sun JL, Blair AL, Moskaluk CA, Lu YZ, Ye QN, Yamaguchi Y, Mukherjee A, Ren DM, Handa H, Li R. Attenuation of estrogen receptor alpha-mediated transcription through estrogen-stimulated recruitment of a negative elongation factor.Genes Dev 2004 Sep 01;18(17):2134-46
  • 12774124Ohtake F, Takeyama K, Matsumoto T, Kitagawa H, Yamamoto Y, Nohara K, Tohyama C, Krust A, Mimura J, Chambon P, Yanagisawa J, Fujii-Kuriyama Y, Kato S. Modulation of oestrogen receptor signalling by association with the activated dioxin receptor.Nature 2003 May 29;423(6939):545-50
    • View 11007 categorized literature findings and their references in IPA

Molecular Functions

DNA binding, estrogen receptor activity, hormone binding, ligand-dependent nuclear receptor activity, lipid binding, metal ion binding, nitric-oxide synthase regulator activity, protein binding, protein N-terminus binding, receptor activity, sequence-specific DNA binding, steroid binding, steroid hormone receptor activity, transcription factor activity, transcription regulator activity, zinc ion binding

Pathways

Protein Domains

A/B region, AF-1 domain, AF-2 transcription activation domain, C4 type zinc finger domain, carboxy terminal domain, DNA binding, DNA binding domain, E domain, estrogen receptor, Estrogen receptor A/B domain, Estrogen receptor B domain, Estrogen receptor C domain, F region, Fxfp sequence, hinge domain, hormone binding, hormone binding domain, ligand-binding domain, ligand-dependent nuclear receptor, N-terminal domain, nitric oxide synthase regulator, protein binding, transcription activation domain, transcription regulator

Subcellular Locations

caveolae, caveolar membranes, cell surface, cellular membrane, chromatin fraction, cytoplasm, cytoplasmic fraction, cytosol, cytosolic fraction, dendrites, dendritic spines, granules, membrane fraction, microsomal membrane, mitochondria, mitochondrial fraction, neurites, nuclear foci, nuclear fraction, nuclear matrix, nuclear matrix fraction, nucleoli, nucleoplasm, nucleoplasmic fraction, nucleus, perinuclear region, plasma membrane, plasma membrane fraction, presynaptic terminals, soluble fraction, synaptic vesicles, vesicles

IPA Extras