ACHE - acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)
Entrez Gene Name: acetylcholinesterase (Yt blood group)
Entrez GeneID: Human(43)
, Mouse(11423), Rat(83817)
, Mouse(11423), Rat(83817) Synonyms: Acetylcholine esterase, Acetylcholinesterase, ACHE, ACHEst, ARACHE, Cholinesterase, HACHE, mE1a, mE1b, mE1c, mE1c-long, mE1d, mE1d', mE1e, N-ACHE, YT
Gene Summary
- Human (43): Acetylcholinesterase hydrolyzes the neurotransmitter, acetylcholine at neuromuscular junctions and brain cholinergic synapses, and thus terminates signal transmission. It is also found on the red blood cell membranes, where it constitutes the Yt blood group antigen. Acetylcholinesterase exists in multiple molecular forms which possess similar catalytic properties, but differ in their oligomeric assembly and mode of cell attachment to the cell surface. It is encoded by the single ACHE gene, and the structural diversity in the gene products arises from alternative mRNA splicing, and post-translational associations of catalytic and structural subunits. The major form of acetylcholinesterase found in brain, muscle and other tissues is the hydrophilic species, which forms disulfide-linked oligomers with collagenous, or lipid-containing structural subunits. The other, alternatively spliced form, expressed primarily in the erythroid tissues, differs at the C-terminal end, and contains a cleavable hydrophobic peptide with a GPI-anchor site. It associates with the membranes through the phosphoinositide (PI) moieties added post-translationally. [provided by RefSeq]
- Rat (83817): catalyzes the hydrolysis of acetylcholine to choline and acetate; plays a role in neuronal development and synapse formation [RGD]
Molecular Functions | Biological Process | Cellular Components | Protein Domains | Subcellular Locations | Pathways | Literature References | IPA Extras
Cell Regulation
Biological Process
acetylcholine catabolic process, acetylcholine catabolic process in synaptic cleft, acetylcholine metabolic process, amyloid precursor protein metabolic process, cell adhesion, cell proliferation, choline metabolic process, DNA replication, muscle organ development, negative regulation of synaptic transmission, cholinergic, neurotransmitter catabolic process, neurotransmitter receptor biosynthetic process, osteoblast development, positive regulation of axonogenesis, positive regulation of dendrite morphogenesis, positive regulation of protein secretion, protein tetramerization, receptor internalization, regulation of receptor recycling, response to wounding, retina development in camera-type eye, synaptogenesis
Cellular Components
anchored to membrane, axon, basal lamina, cell junction, cell soma, cell surface, cytoplasm, dendrite, endoplasmic reticulum lumen, extracellular region, extracellular space, Golgi apparatus, membrane, neuron projection, nuclear envelope, nucleus, perinuclear region of cytoplasm, plasma membrane, postsynaptic membrane, presynaptic membrane, rough endoplasmic reticulum, synapse
Literature References
- 9639663Connor B, Dragunow M. The role of neuronal growth factors in neurodegenerative disorders of the human brain.Brain Res Brain Res Rev 1998 Jun 01;27(1):1-39
- 18299393Silveyra MX, Evin G, Montenegro MF, Vidal CJ, Martínez S, Culvenor JG, Sáez-Valero J. Presenilin 1 interacts with acetylcholinesterase and alters its enzymatic activity and glycosylation.Mol Cell Biol 2008 May 01;28(9):2908-19
- 18056160Berson A, Knobloch M, Hanan M, Diamant S, Sharoni M, Schuppli D, Geyer BC, Ravid R, Mor TS, Nitsch RM, Soreq H. Changes in readthrough acetylcholinesterase expression modulate amyloid-beta pathology.Brain 2008 Jan 01;131(Pt 1):109-19 View 1070 categorized literature findings and their references in IPA
Molecular Functions
acetylcholine binding, acetylcholinesterase activity, beta-amyloid binding, carboxylesterase activity, choline binding, cholinesterase activity, collagen binding, hydrolase activity, laminin binding, laminin-1 binding, protein homodimerization activity, protein self-association, serine hydrolase activity
Protein Domains
acetylcholine binding, Acetylcholinesterase, acetylcholinesterase homology domain, beta-amyloid binding, carboxy terminal domain, Cholinesterase, collagen binding, enzyme, serine hydrolase
Subcellular Locations
axons, basal lamina, cell body, cell surface, cellular membrane, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, exosomes, membrane rafts, motor endplates, neuromuscular junctions, nucleus, perinuclear region, plasma, plasma membrane, postsynaptic density, sperm head, synapse, vesicles
