GH1 - growth hormone 1
Entrez Gene Name: growth hormone 1
Entrez GeneID: Human(2688)
, Mouse(14599), Rat(24391)
, Mouse(14599), Rat(24391) Synonyms: CB 311, crecormon, crescormon, DRG-0327, EINECS 235-735-8, Gh, GH-N, GH1, GROWTH HORMONE, HGH, hGH-N, LY 137998, norditropin simplexx, nordotropin, Pgh, r-hGH, RNGHGP, SJ 0011, somatogen, SOMATROPIN, SR 29001
Gene Summary
- Human (2688): The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the somatotropin/prolactin family of hormones which play an important role in growth control. The gene, along with four other related genes, is located at the growth hormone locus on chromosome 17 where they are interspersed in the same transcriptional orientation; an arrangement which is thought to have evolved by a series of gene duplications. The five genes share a remarkably high degree of sequence identity. Alternative splicing generates additional isoforms of each of the five growth hormones, leading to further diversity and potential for specialization. This particular family member is expressed in the pituitary but not in placental tissue as is the case for the other four genes in the growth hormone locus. Mutations in or deletions of the gene lead to growth hormone deficiency and short stature. [provided by RefSeq]
- Rat (24391): ligand for growth hormone receptor; plays a role in a number of signaling pathways [RGD]
Molecular Functions | Biological Process | Cellular Components | Protein Domains | Subcellular Locations | Pathways | Literature References | IPA Extras
Cell Regulation
Biological Process
cellular response to insulin stimulus, glucose transport, growth hormone receptor signaling pathway, neuroprotection, positive regulation of activation of JAK2 kinase activity, positive regulation of cell differentiation, positive regulation of insulin-like growth factor receptor signaling pathway, positive regulation of JAK-STAT cascade, positive regulation of MAP kinase activity, positive regulation of multicellular organism growth, positive regulation of peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation, positive regulation of phosphoinositide 3-kinase cascade, positive regulation of receptor internalization, positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat3 protein, positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of Stat5 protein, regulation of growth, regulation of steroid hormone receptor signaling pathway, response to estradiol stimulus, response to food, signal transduction
Cellular Components
cytosol, extracellular region, extracellular space, mitochondrion, nucleus, plasma membrane, secretory granule, trans-Golgi network
Literature References
- 9363897Yamauchi T, Ueki K, Tobe K, Tamemoto H, Sekine N, Wada M, Honjo M, Takahashi M, Takahashi T, Hirai H, Tushima T, Akanuma Y, Fujita T, Komuro I, Yazaki Y, Kadowaki T. Tyrosine phosphorylation of the EGF receptor by the kinase Jak2 is induced by growth hormone.Nature 1997 Nov 6;390(6655):91-6
- 8970723Watowich SS, Wu H, Socolovsky M, Klingmuller U, Constantinescu SN, Lodish HF. Cytokine receptor signal transduction and the control of hematopoietic cell development.Annu Rev Cell Dev Biol 1996;12:91-128
- 17656461Gruszka A, Ren SG, Dong J, Culler MD, Melmed S. Regulation of growth hormone and prolactin gene expression and secretion by chimeric somatostatin-dopamine molecules.Endocrinology 2007 Dec 01;148(12):6107-14 View 4425 categorized literature findings and their references in IPA
Molecular Functions
growth factor activity, growth hormone activity, growth hormone receptor binding, hormone activity, prolactin receptor binding, protein binding
Protein Domains
core domain, structural, cytokine, growth factor, growth hormone receptor binding, Growth hormone site ii, hormone, prolactin receptor binding, protein binding
Subcellular Locations
cell surface, cytoplasm, endosomes, extracellular space, Golgi apparatus, membrane processes, microsomal fraction, nucleus, outer membranes, perinuclear region, perinuclear vesicles, plasma, secretory granules, vesicles
