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CXCL12 (includes EG:20315) - chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12
Entrez Gene Name: chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 12
Entrez GeneID: Human(6387)
, Mouse(20315), Rat(24772)
, Mouse(20315), Rat(24772) Synonyms: AI174028, CXCL12 (includes EG:20315), CXCL12 isoform 1, hIRH, IRH, PBSF, SCYB12, SDF, SDF-1, SDF-1A, SDF-1b, SDF-1α, Stromal cell derived factor 1, TLSF, Tlsfa, Tlsfb, TPAR1
Gene Summary
- Human (6387): This gene encodes a stromal cell-derived alpha chemokine member of the intercrine family. This gene product and its receptor CXCR4 can activate lymphocytes and have been implicated in the metastasis of some cancers such as breast cancer. Mutations in this gene are associated with resistance to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infections. Multiple transcript variants encoding different isoforms have been found for this gene.[provided by RefSeq, Mar 2010]
- Mouse (20315): The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the intercrine-macrophage inflammatory protein superfamily. It is a secreted protein thought to be involved in the generation and proliferation of early B-cell progenitors. Three transcript variants encoding three different isoforms have been found for this gene. [provided by RefSeq, Jul 2008]
- Rat (24772): a chemoattractant molecule; involved in cell migration [RGD, Feb 2006]
Molecular Functions | Biological Process | Cellular Components | Protein Domains | Subcellular Locations | Pathways | Literature References | IPA Extras
Cell Regulation
Biological Process
adult locomotory behavior, ameboidal cell migration, blood circulation, brain development, cell adhesion, cell migration, cellular calcium ion homeostasis, chemokine-mediated signaling pathway, chemotaxis, G-protein coupled receptor protein signaling pathway, germ cell development, germ cell migration, immune response, induction of positive chemotaxis, motor axon guidance, negative regulation of apoptosis, negative regulation of leukocyte apoptosis, neuron migration, organ regeneration, patterning of blood vessels, positive regulation of axon extension involved in axon guidance, positive regulation of calcium ion transport via voltage-gated calcium channel activity, positive regulation of cell migration, positive regulation of cell proliferation, positive regulation of dopamine secretion, positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation, positive regulation of monocyte chemotaxis, positive regulation of neuron differentiation, regulation of actin polymerization or depolymerization, regulation of cell migration, response to heat, response to hypoxia, response to mechanical stimulus, response to peptide hormone stimulus, response to radiation, response to virus, signal transduction, T cell proliferation, telencephalon cell migration
Cellular Components
external side of plasma membrane, extracellular region, extracellular space, plasma membrane
Literature References
- 16940167Burns JM, Summers BC, Wang Y, Melikian A, Berahovich R, Miao Z, Penfold ME, Sunshine MJ, Littman DR, Kuo CJ, Wei K, McMaster BE, Wright K, Howard MC, Schall TJ. A novel chemokine receptor for SDF-1 and I-TAC involved in cell survival, cell adhesion, and tumor development.J Exp Med 2006 Sep 04;203(9):2201-13
- 20484021Teicher BA, Fricker SP. CXCL12 (SDF-1)/CXCR4 Pathway in Cancer.Clin Cancer Res 2010 Jun 01;16(11):2927-31
- 20181695González N, Bermejo M, Calonge E, Jolly C, Arenzana-Seisdedos F, Pablos JL, Sattentau QJ, Alcamí J. SDF-1/CXCL12 production by mature dendritic cells inhibits the propagation of X4-tropic HIV-1 isolates at the dendritic cell-T-cell infectious synapse.J Virol 2010 May 01;84(9):4341-51
Molecular Functions
chemokine activity, CXCR chemokine receptor binding, cytokine activity, growth factor activity, receptor binding, signal transducer activity
Protein Domains
chemokine, Chemokine, CXCR chemokine receptor binding, cytokine, heparin binding domain, receptor binding, signal transducer
Subcellular Locations
axons, cell surface, cellular membrane, Cytoplasm, extracellular matrix, Extracellular Space, intracellular space, membrane rafts, neurites, Nucleus, perinuclear region, Plasma Membrane, plasma membrane extracellular face