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P2RX7 - purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7

Entrez Gene Name: purinergic receptor P2X, ligand-gated ion channel, 7
Synonyms: AI467586, MGC20089, P2RX7, P2X(7), P2X7, P2x7 receptor, P2X7R, P2Z, Purinergic receptor

Gene Summary

  • Human (5027): The product of this gene belongs to the family of purinoceptors for ATP. This receptor functions as a ligand-gated ion channel and is responsible for ATP-dependent lysis of macrophages through the formation of membrane pores permeable to large molecules. Activation of this nuclear receptor by ATP in the cytoplasm may be a mechanism by which cellular activity can be coupled to changes in gene expression. Multiple alternatively spliced variants have been identified, most of which fit nonsense-mediated decay (NMD) criteria. [provided by RefSeq]
  • Rat (29665): an ATP receptor; may be involved in fast synaptic transmission and the ATP-mediated lysis of antigen-presenting cells [RGD]

Cell Regulation

Regulates:
  • IL1B
  • elemental calcium
  • Ca2+
View all 66 in IPA
Regulated by:
  • ATP
  • NAD+
  • 3'-O-(4-benzoyl)benzoyladenosine 5'-triphosphate
View all 29 in IPA
Binds:
  • P2RX4
  • ITGB2
  • LAMA3
View all 54 in IPA
Role in cell:
  • apoptosis
  • activation in
  • cell death
View all 42 in IPA
Disease:
  • swelling
  • coronary artery disease
  • rheumatoid arthritis
View all 11 in IPA

Biological Process

activation of MAPK activity, bleb assembly, calcium ion transport, cation transport, cell death, cell morphogenesis, cell surface receptor linked signaling pathway, cell volume homeostasis, cellular response to extracellular stimulus, ceramide biosynthetic process, collagen metabolic process, cytolysis, defense response to Gram-positive bacterium, gene expression, homeostasis of number of cells within a tissue, inflammatory response, ion transmembrane transport, ion transport, membrane budding, membrane depolarization, membrane protein ectodomain proteolysis, mitochondrion organization, multicellular organismal protein catabolic process, NAD transport, negative regulation of bone resorption, negative regulation of MAPKKK cascade, organic cation transport, phagolysosome assembly, phospholipid transfer to membrane, phospholipid translocation, plasma membrane organization, pore complex assembly, positive regulation of apoptosis, positive regulation of bone mineralization, positive regulation of calcium ion transport into cytosol, positive regulation of catalytic activity, positive regulation of cytokine secretion, positive regulation of cytolysis, positive regulation of cytoskeleton organization, positive regulation of gamma-aminobutyric acid secretion, positive regulation of glutamate secretion, positive regulation of interleukin-1 alpha secretion, positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta production, positive regulation of interleukin-1 beta secretion, positive regulation of interleukin-6 production, positive regulation of MAPKKK cascade, positive regulation of mitochondrial depolarization, positive regulation of ossification, positive regulation of prostaglandin secretion, positive regulation of protein phosphorylation, positive regulation of protein secretion, positive regulation of protein serine/threonine kinase activity, positive regulation of T cell mediated cytotoxicity, protein oligomerization, protein phosphorylation, protein processing, purinergic nucleotide receptor signaling pathway, reactive oxygen species metabolic process, regulation of action potential in neuron, regulation of apoptosis, regulation of killing of cells of other organism, regulation of sodium ion transport, release of sequestered calcium ion into cytosol, response to ATP, response to bacterium, response to calcium ion, response to drug, response to electrical stimulus, response to fluid shear stress, response to lipopolysaccharide, response to mechanical stimulus, response to organic cyclic compound, response to organic substance, response to protein stimulus, response to zinc ion, sensory perception of pain, skeletal system morphogenesis, synaptic vesicle exocytosis, T cell homeostasis, T cell proliferation, transmembrane transport, transport

Cellular Components

bleb, cell-cell junction, cytoplasm, external side of plasma membrane, integral to membrane, integral to nuclear inner membrane, integral to plasma membrane, membrane, membrane raft, neuromuscular junction, neuronal cell body, plasma membrane, synaptosome, terminal button

Literature References

  • 19536133Pelegrin P, Surprenant A. Dynamics of macrophage polarization reveal new mechanism to inhibit IL-1beta release through pyrophosphates.EMBO J 2009 Jul 22;28(14):2114-27
  • 20837475Chong JH, Zheng GG, Ma YY, Zhang HY, Nie K, Lin YM, Wu KF. The Hyposensitive N187D P2X7 Mutant Promotes Malignant Progression in Nude Mice.J Biol Chem 2010 Nov 12;285(46):36179-87
  • 19546221Nobbio L, Sturla L, Fiorese F, Usai C, Basile G, Moreschi I, Benvenuto F, Zocchi E, De Flora A, Schenone A, Bruzzone S. P2X7-mediated Increased Intracellular Calcium Causes Functional Derangement in Schwann Cells from Rats with CMT1A Neuropathy.J Biol Chem 2009 Aug 21;284(34):23146-58
View 722 categorized literature findings and their references in IPA

Molecular Functions

ATP binding, channel activity, copper ion binding, extracellular ATP-gated cation channel activity, ion channel activity, lipopolysaccharide binding, magnesium ion binding, protein binding, protein homodimerization activity, protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity, purinergic nucleotide receptor activity, receptor activity, receptor binding, zinc ion binding

Pathways

No Data Available

Protein Domains

ATP binding, ATP P2X receptor, ATP-gated cation channel, channel/pore class transporter, copper ion binding, intracellular domain, ion channel, lipopolysaccharide binding, magnesium ion binding, protein binding, purinergic nucleotide receptor, receptor, receptor binding, zinc ion binding

Subcellular Locations

axon terminals, cell surface, cell-cell contacts, cellular membrane, Cytoplasm, cytoskeletal fraction, cytosolic fraction, inner nuclear membrane, intercellular junctions, membrane fraction, membrane rafts, myelin sheath, neuromuscular junctions, nuclear fraction, perikaryon, perinuclear region, Plasma Membrane, plasma membrane extracellular face, plasma membrane fraction, plasma membrane projections, presynaptic terminals, synaptosomes