CRH - corticotropin releasing hormone
Entrez Gene Name: corticotropin releasing hormone
Entrez GeneID: Human(1392)
, Mouse(12918), Rat(81648)
, Mouse(12918), Rat(81648) Synonyms: CORTICOTROPIN-RELEASING HORMONE, CRF, Crf2, Crf4, CRH, Crh-41, Gm1347, MGC151298, MGC159486
Gene Summary
- Human (1392): Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) is a 41-amino acid peptide derived from a 191-amino acid preprohormone. CRH is secreted by the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of the hypothalamus in response to stress. Marked reduction in CRH has been observed in association with Alzheimer disease and autosomal recessive hypothalamic corticotropin dificiency has multiple and potentially fatal metabolic consequences including hypoglycemia and hepatitis. In addition to production in the hypothalamus, CRH is also synthesized in peripheral tissues, such as T lymphocytes and is highly expressed in the placenta. In the placenta CRH is a marker that determines the length of gestation and the timing of parturition and delivery. A rapid increase in circulating levels of CRH occurs at the onset of parturition, suggesting that, in addition to its metabolic functions, CRH may act as a trigger for parturition. [provided by RefSeq]
- Rat (81648): binds CRH receptors and mediates neuroendocrine stress response; may play a role in the consolidation of long term memory [RGD]
Molecular Functions | Biological Process | Cellular Components | Protein Domains | Subcellular Locations | Pathways | Literature References | IPA Extras
Cell Regulation
Biological Process
adrenal gland development, feeding behavior, female pregnancy, glucocorticoid biosynthetic process, induction of apoptosis by hormones, inflammatory response, learning or memory, long-term memory, lung development, negative regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, REM sleep, neuroprotection, parturition, positive regulation of circadian sleep/wake cycle, wakefulness, positive regulation of cortisol secretion, response to stress, signal transduction, synaptic transmission
Literature References
- 17615151Tringali G, Pozzoli G, Lisi L, Navarra P. Erythropoietin Inhibits Basal and Stimulated Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone Release from the Rat Hypothalamus via a Nontranscriptional Mechanism.Endocrinology 2007 Oct 01;148(10):4711-5
- 17194738Dermitzaki E, Tsatsanis C, Minas V, Chatzaki E, Charalampopoulos I, Venihaki M, Androulidaki A, Lambropoulou M, Spiess J, Michalodimitrakis E, Gravanis A, Margioris AN. Corticotropin-Releasing Factor (CRF) and the Urocortins Differentially Regulate Catecholamine Secretion in Human and Rat Adrenals, in a CRF Receptor Type-Specific Manner.Endocrinology 2007 Apr 01;148(4):1524-38
- 17108082McGill BE, Bundle SF, Yaylaoglu MB, Carson JP, Thaller C, Zoghbi HY. Enhanced anxiety and stress-induced corticosterone release are associated with increased Crh expression in a mouse model of Rett syndrome.Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2006 Nov 28;103(48):18267-72 View 1752 categorized literature findings and their references in IPA
Molecular Functions
adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone activity, corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 1 binding, corticotropin-releasing hormone receptor 2 binding, hormone activity, neuropeptide hormone activity, receptor binding
Protein Domains
adrenocorticotropin-releasing hormone, alpha helix, neuropeptide hormone, receptor binding
Subcellular Locations
axon terminals, axons, cell surface, cytoplasm, extracellular space, nucleus, secretory vesicles
