Nalidixic acid

Papers

Syntheses of 2,4,6-trisubstituted pyrimidine derivatives as a new class of antifilarial topoisomerase II inhibitors. Sanjay Babu Katiyar et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 15, 47-50, (2005)

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Hybrid antibacterials. DNA polymerase-topoisomerase inhibitors. Chengxin Zhi et al J. Med. Chem. 49, 1455-65, (2006)

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Antibacterial activity and mechanism of action of a novel anilinouracil-fluoroquinolone hybrid compound. Michelle M Butler et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 119-27, (2007)

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Prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QnrA, QnrB, and QnrS among clinical isolates of Enterobacter cloacae in a Taiwanese hospital. Jiunn-Jong Wu et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 1223-7, (2007)

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Increased genome instability in Escherichia coli lon mutants: relation to emergence of multiple-antibiotic-resistant (Mar) mutants caused by insertion sequence elements and large tandem genomic amplifications. Hervé Nicoloff et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 1293-303, (2007)

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First report of plasmid-mediated qnrA1 in a ciprofloxacin-resistant Escherichia coli strain in Latin America. Mariana Castanheira et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 1527-9, (2007)

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Fluoroquinolone resistance in Haemophilus influenzae is associated with hypermutability. María Pérez-Vázquez et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 1566-9, (2007)

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Expression and purification of an active form of the Mycobacterium leprae DNA gyrase and its inhibition by quinolones. Stéphanie Matrat et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 1643-8, (2007)

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Biochemical characterization of PER-2 and genetic environment of blaPER-2. Pablo Power et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 2359-65, (2007)

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Transferable resistance to aminoglycosides by methylation of G1405 in 16S rRNA and to hydrophilic fluoroquinolones by QepA-mediated efflux in Escherichia coli. Bruno Périchon et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 2464-9, (2007)

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gyrA and parC Mutations and associated quinolone resistance in Vibrio anguillarum serotype O2b strains isolated from farmed Atlantic cod (Gadus morhua) in Norway. D J Colquhoun et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 2597-9, (2007)

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Vibrio splendidus as the source of plasmid-mediated QnrS-like quinolone resistance determinants. Vincent Cattoir et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 2650-1, (2007)

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Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant QnrB4 identified in France in an Enterobacter cloacae clinical isolate coexpressing a QnrS1 determinant. Vincent Cattoir et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 2652-3, (2007)

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Rapid dissemination and diversity of CTX-M extended-spectrum beta-lactamase genes in commensal Escherichia coli isolates from healthy children from low-resource settings in Latin America. Lucia Pallecchi et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 2720-5, (2007)

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Effect of anaerobic growth on quinolone lethality with Escherichia coli. Muhammad Malik et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 28-34, (2007)

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An early response to environmental stress involves regulation of OmpX and OmpF, two enterobacterial outer membrane pore-forming proteins. Myrielle Dupont et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 3190-8, (2007)

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Cloning, nucleotide sequencing, and analysis of the AcrAB-TolC efflux pump of Enterobacter cloacae and determination of its involvement in antibiotic resistance in a clinical isolate. Astrid Pérez et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 3247-53, (2007)

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New plasmid-mediated fluoroquinolone efflux pump, QepA, found in an Escherichia coli clinical isolate. Kunikazu Yamane et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 3354-60, (2007)

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In vitro susceptibilities of Mycoplasma putrefaciens field isolates. N T Antunes et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 3452-4, (2007)

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Association of QnrB determinants and production of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases or plasmid-mediated AmpC beta-lactamases in clinical isolates of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Hyunjoo Pai et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 366-8, (2007)

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Role of lon, an ATP-dependent protease homolog, in resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa to ciprofloxacin. Michelle D Brazas et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 4276-83, (2007)

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Antimicrobial drug resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar typhi in asia and molecular mechanism of reduced susceptibility to the fluoroquinolones. Tran Thuy Chau et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 4315-23, (2007)

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The PhoQ-activating potential of antimicrobial peptides contributes to antimicrobial efficacy and is predictive of the induction of bacterial resistance. Jason Kindrachuk et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 4374-81, (2007)

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Complex class 1 integrons with diverse variable regions, including aac(6')-Ib-cr, and a novel allele, qnrB10, associated with ISCR1 in clinical enterobacterial isolates from Argentina. María Paula Quiroga et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 4466-70, (2007)

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Contribution of target gene mutations and efflux to decreased susceptibility of Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium to fluoroquinolones and other antimicrobials. Sheng Chen et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 535-42, (2007)

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Caenorhabditis elegans as a model to determine fitness of antibiotic-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar typhimurium. Wilhelm Paulander et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 766-9, (2007)

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First characterization of fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus suis. Jose Antonio Escudero et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 51, 777-82, (2007)

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Quantitative structure-activity relationship and complex network approach to monoamine oxidase A and B inhibitors. Lourdes Santana et al J. Med. Chem. 51, 6740-51, (2008)

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Antibacterial activity in serum of the 3,5-diamino-piperidine translation inhibitors. Yuefen Zhou et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 18, 3369-75, (2008)

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Synthesis, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial activity of some novel pyrimido[4,5-b]quinolin-4-ones. Abdel-Rahman B A El-Gazzar et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. 16, 3261-73, (2008)

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Air to lung partition coefficients for volatile organic compounds and blood to lung partition coefficients for volatile organic compounds and drugs. Michael H Abraham et al Eur. J. Med. Chem. 43, 478-85, (2008)

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Novel variant of the qnrB gene, qnrB12, in Citrobacter werkmanii. Corinna Kehrenberg et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 1206-7, (2008)

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ramR mutations involved in efflux-mediated multidrug resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Yousef M Abouzeed et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2428-34, (2008)

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Mechanism and fitness costs of PR-39 resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium LT2. Maria Pränting et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2734-41, (2008)

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Discovery and characterization of QPT-1, the progenitor of a new class of bacterial topoisomerase inhibitors. Alita A Miller et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2806-12, (2008)

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Mutagenesis in the alpha3alpha4 GyrA helix and in the Toprim domain of GyrB refines the contribution of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA gyrase to intrinsic resistance to quinolones. Stéphanie Matrat et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2909-14, (2008)

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ISEcp1-mediated transposition of qnrB-like gene in Escherichia coli. Vincent Cattoir et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2929-32, (2008)

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Spread of OXA-48-positive carbapenem-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in Istanbul, Turkey. Amélie Carrër et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2950-4, (2008)

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Plasmid-mediated qnrB2 and carbapenemase gene bla(KPC-2) carried on the same plasmid in carbapenem-resistant ciprofloxacin-susceptible Enterobacter cloacae isolates. Inna Chmelnitsky et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2962-5, (2008)

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Alteration of GyrA amino acid required for ciprofloxacin resistance in Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates in China. Yingmei Fu et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2980-3, (2008)

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Plasmid-mediated QnrS2 determinant from a clinical Aeromonas veronii isolate. Javier Sánchez-Céspedes et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2990-1, (2008)

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Coprevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants QepA, Qnr, and AAC(6')-Ib-cr among 16S rRNA methylase RmtB-producing Escherichia coli isolates from pigs. Jian-Hua Liu et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 2992-3, (2008)

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Functional cloning and characterization of the multidrug efflux pumps NorM from Neisseria gonorrhoeae and YdhE from Escherichia coli. Feng Long et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 3052-60, (2008)

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RamA confers multidrug resistance in Salmonella enterica via increased expression of acrB, which is inhibited by chlorpromazine. Andrew M Bailey et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 3604-11, (2008)

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Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance pump QepA2 in an Escherichia coli isolate from France. Vincent Cattoir et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 3801-4, (2008)

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Smqnr, a new chromosome-carried quinolone resistance gene in Stenotrophomonas maltophilia. Kenichiro Shimizu et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 3823-5, (2008)

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Real-time PCR detection of gyrA and parC mutations in Streptococcus pneumoniae. S Page et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 4155-8, (2008)

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Plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnrA, qnrB, and qnrS among clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in a Korean hospital. Migma Dorji Tamang et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 4159-62, (2008)

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Characterization of TolC efflux pump proteins from Pasteurella multocida. Tamas Hatfaludi et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 4166-71, (2008)

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Thiopurine drugs azathioprine and 6-mercaptopurine inhibit Mycobacterium paratuberculosis growth in vitro. Sung Jae Shin et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 418-26, (2008)

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Replication of Colonic Crohn's Disease Mucosal Escherichia coli Isolates within Macrophages and Their Susceptibility to Antibiotics. Sreedhar Subramanian et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 427-34, (2008)

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Are all the DNA gyrase mutations found in Mycobacterium leprae clinical strains involved in resistance to fluoroquinolones? Stéphanie Matrat et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 745-7, (2008)

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RmtC 16S rRNA methyltransferase in Australia. Zhiyong Zong et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 794-5, (2008)

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Reduced Susceptibility of Proteus mirabilis to triclosan. David J Stickler et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 52, 991-4, (2008)

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Development of a phospholipidosis database and predictive quantitative structure-activity relationship (QSAR) models. Naomi L Kruhlak et al Toxic. Mech. Methods 18, 217-27, (2008)

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Towards calixarene-based prodrugs: Drug release and antibacterial behaviour of a water-soluble nalidixic acid/calix[4]arene ester adduct. Hugues Massimba Dibama et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 19, 2679-82, (2009)

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Synthesis, in vitro antitrypanosomal and antibacterial activity of phenoxy, phenylthio or benzyloxy substituted quinolones. Xiang Ma et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 19, 986-9, (2009)

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Synthesis and antibacterial property of quinolines with potent DNA gyrase activity. Ekambaram Ramesh et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. 17, 660-6, (2009)

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Multiple regulatory pathways associated with high-level ciprofloxacin and multidrug resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar enteritidis: involvement of RamA and other global regulators. Edel O'Regan et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 1080-7, (2009)

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Antimicrobial Activity of Prulifloxacin Tested against a Worldwide Collection of Gastroenteritis-Producing Pathogens, Including Those Causing Traveler's Diarrhea Fritsche, T. R.; Biedenbach, D. J., et al. Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 1221-1224, (2008)

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New plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance gene, qnrC, found in a clinical isolate of Proteus mirabilis. Minghua Wang et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 1892-7, (2009)

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High prevalence of qnr genes in commensal enterobacteria from healthy children in Peru and Bolivia. Lucia Pallecchi et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 2632-5, (2009)

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Prevalence of aac(6')-Ib-cr encoding a ciprofloxacin-modifying enzyme among Enterobacteriaceae blood isolates in Korea. Eun Sil Kim et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 2643-5, (2009)

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Lon protease is essential for paradoxical survival of Escherichia coli exposed to high concentrations of quinolone. Muhammad Malik et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 3103-5, (2009)

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First report of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinant qnrS1 in an Escherichia coli strain of animal origin in Italy. Marina Cerquetti et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 3112-4, (2009)

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Emergence of quinolone-resistant Bordetella pertussis in Japan. Masayuki Ohtsuka et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 3147-9, (2009)

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Outer membrane protein STM3031 (Ail/OmpX-like protein) plays a key role in the ceftriaxone resistance of Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Wensi S Hu et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 3248-55, (2009)

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Detection of the pandemic O25-ST131 human virulent Escherichia coli CTX-M-15-producing clone harboring the qnrB2 and aac(6')-Ib-cr genes in a dog. Constança Pomba et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 327-8, (2009)

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Mechanisms of resistance in nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica strains exhibiting a nonclassical quinolone resistance phenotype. Marianne Gunell et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 3832-6, (2009)

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CraA, a major facilitator superfamily efflux pump associated with chloramphenicol resistance in Acinetobacter baumannii. I Roca et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 4013-4, (2009)

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Characterization of the plasmid-borne quinolone resistance gene qnrB19 in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium. Anna Maria Dionisi et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 4019-21, (2009)

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Combined inactivation of lon and ycgE decreases multidrug susceptibility by reducing the amount of OmpF porin in Escherichia coli. Valérie Duval et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 4944-8, (2009)

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High prevalence of CTX-M-type beta-lactamases among clinical isolates of Enterobacteriaceae in Bamako, Mali. Véronique Duval et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 4957-8, (2009)

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Alterations in two-component regulatory systems of phoPQ and pmrAB are associated with polymyxin B resistance in clinical isolates of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Kaddy Barrow et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 5150-4, (2009)

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High prevalence of plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance determinants qnr, aac(6')-Ib-cr, and qepA among ceftiofur-resistant Enterobacteriaceae isolates from companion and food-producing animals. Junying Ma et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 519-24, (2009)

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Mutational upregulation of a resistance-nodulation-cell division-type multidrug efflux pump, SdeAB, upon exposure to a biocide, cetylpyridinium chloride, and antibiotic resistance in Serratia marcescens. Hideaki Maseda et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 5230-5, (2009)

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Role of AbeS, a novel efflux pump of the SMR family of transporters, in resistance to antimicrobial agents in Acinetobacter baumannii. Vijaya Bharathi Srinivasan et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 5312-6, (2009)

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qnrD, a novel gene conferring transferable quinolone resistance in Salmonella enterica serovar Kentucky and Bovismorbificans strains of human origin. L M Cavaco et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 603-8, (2009)

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Prevalence of sulfonamide resistance genes in bacterial isolates from manured agricultural soils and pig slurry in the United Kingdom. K G Byrne-Bailey et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 696-702, (2009)

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Nalidixic acid disk for laboratory detection of ciprofloxacin resistance in Neisseria meningitidis. Rocío Enríquez et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 53, 796-7, (2009)

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In vitro antitubercular and antimicrobial activities of 1-substituted quinoxaline-2,3(1H,4H)-diones. P Ramalingam et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. Lett. 20, 406-8, (2010)

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Efflux-mediated bis-indole resistance in Staphylococcus aureus reveals differential substrate specificities for MepA and MepR. Timothy J Opperman et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. 18, 2123-30, (2010)

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QSAR-based solubility model for drug-like compounds. Rafael Gozalbes et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. 18, 7078-84, (2010)

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Developing structure-activity relationships for the prediction of hepatotoxicity. Nigel Greene et al Chem. Res. Toxicol. 23, 1215-22, (2010)

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Cheminformatics analysis of assertions mined from literature that describe drug-induced liver injury in different species. Denis Fourches et al Chem. Res. Toxicol. 23, 171-83, (2010)

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Constitutive SoxS expression in a fluoroquinolone-resistant strain with a truncated SoxR protein and identification of a new member of the marA-soxS-rob regulon, mdtG. Anna Fàbrega et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 1218-25, (2010)

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Antimicrobial susceptibilities of multidrug-resistant Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli strains: in vitro activities of 20 antimicrobial agents. Mirva Lehtopolku et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 1232-6, (2010)

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High diversity of extended-spectrum beta-lactamases in Escherichia coli isolates from Italian broiler flocks. Valeria Bortolaia et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 1623-6, (2010)

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Transfer of plasmid-mediated CTX-M-9 from Salmonella enterica serotype Virchow to Enterobacteriaceae in human flora-associated rats treated with cefixime. S Faure et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 164-9, (2010)

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Klebsiella pneumoniae AcrAB efflux pump contributes to antimicrobial resistance and virulence. Emma Padilla et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 177-83, (2010)

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Persistence of uropathogenic Escherichia coli in the face of multiple antibiotics. Matthew G Blango et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 1855-63, (2010)

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Novel variants of the qnrB gene, qnrB22 and qnrB23, in Citrobacter werkmanii and Citrobacter freundii. Il Kwon Bae et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 3068-9, (2010)

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Novel chromosome-encoded CTX-M-78 beta-lactamase from a Kluyvera georgiana clinical isolate as a putative origin of CTX-M-25 subgroup. María Margarita Rodríguez et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 3070-1, (2010)

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In vitro activity of azithromycin against nontyphoidal Salmonella enterica. Marianne Gunell et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 3498-501, (2010)

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Fitness costs and stability of a high-level ciprofloxacin resistance phenotype in Salmonella enterica serotype enteritidis: reduced infectivity associated with decreased expression of Salmonella pathogenicity island 1 genes. Edel O'Regan et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 367-74, (2010)

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Optimized Nile Red efflux assay of AcrAB-TolC multidrug efflux system shows competition between substrates. Jürgen A Bohnert et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 3770-5, (2010)

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Plasmid-mediated resistance to cephalosporins in Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi. Masatomo Morita et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 3991-2, (2010)

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Prevalence and dissemination of oqxAB in Escherichia coli isolates from animals, farmworkers, and the environment. Jingjing Zhao et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 4219-24, (2010)

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Membrane efflux and influx modulate both multidrug resistance and virulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae in a Caenorhabditis elegans model. Suzanne Bialek et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 4373-8, (2010)

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Molecular and biochemical characterization of the natural chromosome-encoded class A beta-lactamase from Pseudomonas luteola. Benoît Doublet et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 45-51, (2010)

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Antimicrobial resistance testing of verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli and first description of TEM-52 extended-spectrum ?-lactamase in serogroup O26. Glenn Buvens et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 4907-9, (2010)

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First isolation of the blaOXA-23 carbapenemase gene from an environmental Acinetobacter baumannii isolate. Delphine Girlich et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 578-9, (2010)

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Characterization of small ColE-like plasmids mediating widespread dissemination of the qnrB19 gene in commensal enterobacteria. Lucia Pallecchi et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 678-82, (2010)

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Transferable quinolone resistance in Vibrio cholerae. Hong Bin Kim et al Antimicrob. Agents Chemother. 54, 799-803, (2010)

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A predictive ligand-based Bayesian model for human drug-induced liver injury. Sean Ekins et al Drug Metab. Dispos. 38, 2302-8, (2010)

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Molecular drug-organiser: synthesis, characterization and biological evaluation of penicillin V and/or nalidixic acid calixarene-based podands. Adel Ben Salem et al Bioorg. Med. Chem. 19, 7534-40, (2011)

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Synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and in vivo antitumor evaluation of novel pyrimidoquinolines and its nucleoside derivatives. Hebat-Allah S Abbas et al Eur. J. Med. Chem. 46, 21-30, (2011)

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Translating Clinical Findings into Knowledge in Drug Safety Evaluation - Drug Induced Liver Injury Prediction System (DILIps). Zhichao Liu et al PLoS Comput. Biol. 7, e1002310, (2011)

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Design, synthesis, in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activity of novel methylenebis-isoxazolo[4,5-b]azepines derivatives. E Rajanarendar et al Eur. J. Med. Chem. 50, 344-9, (2012)

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Quinolone mode of action. Hooper, D.C. Drugs 49, 10-15, (1995)

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Avian myeloblastosis virus reverse transcriptase inhibition by nalidixic acid. Aoyama, H. Mol. Cell Biochem. 108, 169-174, (1991)

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Merck 14,6359

Corp MSDS 1 (2), 2485:D / FT-IR 1 (2), 889:B / FT-IR 2 (3), 3958:D / FT-NMR 1 (3), 473:B / IR-Spectra (3), 1410:G / IR-Spectra (2), 1230:H / NMR-Reference 2 (2), 763:B / RegBook 1 (2), 2653:E / Sax 6, 1334 / Sigma FT-IR 1 (1), 684:B / Structure Index 1, 417:E:6