Anti-Glutamate antibody produced in rabbit

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Immunogen

L-glutamic acid (Glu).

Specificity

The antiserum is evaluated for activity and specificity by dot-blot immunoassay. The antiserum recognizes L-glutamic acid immobilized on an affinity membrane. No cross-reaction is observed with L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-asparagine, and L-alanine. Weak cross-reactivity is observed with Gly-Asp, GABA, β-alanine, glycine and 5-aminovaleric acid (amino acid concentration 5-10 mM). Weak to moderate reaction is observed with L-glutamic acid-containing dipeptides Asp-Glu and Gly-Glu. The antibody may be used to localize glutamate in cell bodies, axons, and terminals of glutamatergic neurons in the CNS.

Application

Rabbit polyclonal antiserum to L-glutamate may be used in immunohistochemical techniques on formalin- or glutaraldehyde-fixed, vibratome or frozen sections of human or animal tissues. Immunohistochemical methods provide increased anatomical resolution over conventional biochemical methods.

General description

The amino acids L-glutamate (Glu) and L-aspartate (Asp) are considered the major excitatory neurotransmitters in the central nervous system (CNS) and represent the most abundant mammalian neurotransmitter class. Both L-glutamate and L-aspartate are present in the brain at high concentrations and are distributed in most excitatory pathways in the CNS. Glu- and Asp-immunoreactivities are localized in high concentrations in synaptic terminals. In nerve terminals, L-glutamate is formed by deamidation of its major precursor, L-glutamine, by the enzyme glutaminase.
The actions of the excitatory amino acids on neurons are mediated by different receptor subtypes. These receptors are coupled to integral ion channels or to a second messenger system which utilizes inositol triphosphate (IP3). L-glutamate and L-aspartate may play an important role in the pathogenesis of certain neurological disorders such as Huntington′s disease, Alzheimer′s disease, epilepsy and brain ischemia. The excitoxic and neurotoxic effects of L-glutamate, leading to extensive neuronal damage, appear to be mediated by the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subtype.

The antiserum is evaluated for activity and specificity by dot-blot immunoassay. The antiserum recognizes L-glutamic acid immobilized on an affinity membrane. No cross-reaction is observed with L-aspartic acid, L-glutamine, L-asparagine, and L-alanine. Weak cross-reactivity is observed with Gly-Asp, GABA, β-alanine, glycine and 5-aminovaleric acid (amino acid concentration 5-10 mM). Weak to moderate reaction is observed with L-glutamic acid-containing dipeptides Asp-Glu and Gly-Glu. The antibody may be used to localize glutamate in cell bodies, axons, and terminals of glutamatergic neurons in the CNS.