Annexin V Biotin Conjugate from human placenta 

Can be used for detection of apoptotic cells in conjunction with streptavidin coupled to alkaline phosphatase, peroxidase, or FITC.

Solution in 50 mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, containing 100 mM NaCl.

Annexins are ubiquitous homologous proteins that bind phospholipids in the presence of calcium. The cellular changes involved in the apoptotic process include loss of phospholipid asymmetry during the early stages. This phenomenon is universal and is not limited to stimulus or to mammalian cells, but also occurs in insect and plant cells. In living cells, phosphatidylserine is transported to the inside of the lipid bilayer by the Mg²⁺ATP dependent enzyme, aminophospholipid translocase. At the onset of apoptosis, phosphatidylserine becomes translocated to the external surface of the cell membrane. Since the movement of phosphatidylserine from the internal membrane surface to the external surface is an early indicator of apoptosis, annexin V and its conjugates that interact strongly and specifically with phosphatidylserine may be used to detect apoptosis. Annexin V conjugates can be used to detect apoptotic cells significantly earlier than DNA-based assays. Fluorescent dye labeled annexin V have applications in flow cytometry, fluorescence microscopy, and laser scanning cytometry.

buffered aqueous solution

3-6 mol biotin per mol annexin V

human ... ANXA5(308)

wet ice

2-8°C

Pigault, C., et al., Formation of two-dimensional arrays of annexin V on phosphatidylserine-containing liposomes. J. Mol. Biol. 236, 199-208, (1994) abstract

van Engeland, M., Annexin V-affinity assay: a review on an apoptosis detection system based on phosphatidylserine exposure. Cytometry 31, 1-9, (1998)

Bedner, E., Analysis of apoptosis by laser scanning cytometry. Cytometry 35, 181-195, (1999)

Kuypers, F.A., et al., Detection of altered membrane phospholipid asymmetry in subpopulations of human red blood cells using fluorescently labeled annexin V. Blood 87, 1179-1187, (1996) abstract

Trotter P.J., et al., Ca²⁺ concentration during binding determines the manner in which annexin V binds to membranes. Biochem. J. 308, 591-598, (1995)

O'Brien, I.E., et al., Annexin-V and TUNEL use in monitoring the progression of apoptosis in plants. Cytometry 29, 28-33, (1997)

Martin, S.J., et al., Early redistribution of plasma membrane phosphatidylserine is a general feature of apoptosis regardless of the initiating stimulus: inhibition by overexpression of Bcl-2 and Abl. J. Exp. Med. 182, 1545-1556, (1995)

B