Pyoverdines−Gallium (III) complex 

Supplied as a mixture containing mainly the succinic acid (MW=1231), 2-hydroxy glutaramide (MW=1260), and succinamide (MW=1230) forms of pyoverdines, bound to gallium.

Pyoverdines, also called pseuobactins and pyoverdins, are fluorescent siderophores that have high affinity for iron (10³² M^-1), and are synthesized by fluorescent pseudomonads under iron-deficient growth conditions.¹ Pyoverdines were shown to prevent iron toxicity produced by iron overload in hepatocyte cultures^2, and effectively scavenges the hydroxyl and peroxyl radicals.³ Pyoverdines are effective in acquiring iron from transferrin and lactoferrin.⁴ Pyoverdines are also involved in the suppression of pythium-induced damping-off of tomato^5, and promotion of growth in some higher plants.

Gallium-pyoverdines act as growth inhibitors of both P. fluorescens and P. aeruginosa possibly due to gallium interference with bacterial iron metabolism.

from Pseudomonas fluorescens

>90% (HPLC)

H₂O: ~10 mg/mL

wet ice

−20°C

1. Linget, C., Bacterial siderophores: the structures of the pyoverdins of Pseudomonas fluorescens ATCC 13525. Tetrahedron Lett. 33, 1737-1740, (1992)

2. Jego, P., et al., Inhibition of iron overload toxicity in rat hepatocyte cultures by pyoverdin Pf, the siderophores of Pseudomonas fluorescens. Biochem. Pharmacol. 43, 1275-1280, (1992)

3. Morel, I., et al., Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activities of the iron chelators pyoverdin and hydroxypyrid-4-ones in iron-loaded hepatocyte cultures: comparison of their mechanism of protection with that of desferrioxamine. Free Radic. Biol. Med. 13, 499-508, (1992)

4. Poole, K., and McKay, G.A., Iron acquisition and its control in Pseudomonas aeruginosa: many roads lead to Rome. Front. Biosci. 8, 661-686, (2003)

5. Buysens, S., et al., Involvement of pyochelin and pyoverdin in suppression of pythium-induced damping-off of tomato by Pseudomonas aeruginosa 7NSK2. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 62, 865-871, (1996)

P8124, Pyoverdines

P8374, Pyoverdines−Fe complex