Tumor Necrosis Factor-α from rat 

The biological activity is measured in a cytotoxic assay using a TNF-susceptible mouse L929 cell line in the presence of actinomycin D.

Lyophilized from an 0.2 μm-filtered buffered solution with bovine serum albumin as a carrier.

Tumor necrosis factor-α, also known as cachectin, plays roles in antitumor activity, immune modulation, inflammation, anorexia, cachexia, septic shock, viral replication, and hematopoiesis. TNF-α is expressed by a variety of cells, with numerous inductive and suppressive agents. It is primarily produced by macrophages in response to immunological challenges such as bacteria (lipopolysaccharides), viruses, parasites, mitogens, and other cytokines. TNF-α is cytotoxic for many transformed cells (its namesake activity) but in normal diploid cells, it can stimulate proliferation (fibroblasts), differentiation (myeloid cells) or activation (neutrophils). TNF-α also shows antiviral effects against both DNA and RNA viruses and it induces production of several other cytokines. TNF-α and the related molecule TNF-β (LT-α) share close structural homology with 28% amino acid sequence identity and both activate the same TNF receptors, TNFR1 and TNFR2.

expressed in Escherichia coli

>98% (SDS-PAGE and HPLC)

powder

predicted mol wt ~17 kDa

Endotoxin, tested

cell culture tested

−20°C

Clemens, M.J., et al. Lymphokines and Interferons, A Practical Approach, (1987), 121

Ware, C., et al., Thomson, A. W., ed., Tumor necrosis factor-related ligands and receptors. The Cytokine Handbook 3rd ed., San Diego, CA , (1998), 549

Nicola, N., Tumor necrosis factor (TNF). Guidebook to Cytokines and Their Receptors New York, NY , (1994), 103

Callard, R., and Gearing, A. The Cytokine Facts Book New York, NY , (1994)

Sporn, M., and Roberts, A., Cachectin/tumor necrosis factor and lymphotoxin. Peptide Growth Factors and their Receptors I New York, NY , (1991), 39

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