Copper

Sigma-Aldrich offers high quality copper catalysts for milder reactions with excellent yields for when chemical reactions are slow and require high temperatures. Among transition-metal mediated reactions to form carbon-carbon bonds and carbon-heteroatom bonds, copper catalysis is utilized in Ullmann reactions, Diels-Alder reactions, ring expansions, Castro-Stevens coupling, the Kharasch-Sosnovsky reaction, and a notable variant of the Huisgen 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition utilizing a Cu(I) catalyst developed independently by Meldal and Sharpless. This so-called Copper(I)-catalyzed Azide-Alkyne Cycloaddition (CuAAC) gives rise to a triazole from a terminal alkyne and an azide.

The catalysis of carbon-carbon bond and carbon-heteroatom bonds is central to synthetic chemistry and the synthesis of pharmacological, material, and biological compounds. Organic solvents and ligands as additives for copper-catalyzed cross-coupling reactions can improve reaction yields and utilize milder conditions. Sigma-Aldrich provides efficient copper catalysts and precatalysts as well as copper-containing Metal Organic Framework (MOF) components.