High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is the most common analytical method for separating substances into their individual components. As the separations occur in a column, this part of the HPLC apparatus is crucial to achieving the best results. This state-of-the-art overview of HPLC column technology covers fundamental principles, column selection criteria and special techniques.
HPLC Made to Measure: A Practical Handbook for Optimization
The only topical HPLC book to focus on optimization, this volume addresses the needs of HPLC users who wish to constantly improve their methods, in particular in terms of throughput, accuracy and cost-effectiveness. This handbook features contributions from such bestselling authors as John W. Dolan, Michael McBrien, Veronika R. Meyer, Uwe D. Neue, Lloyd R. Snyder, and Klaus K. Unger, as well as from scientists working for major companies, including Agilent, AstraZeneca, Merck, Schering, Tosoh Biosep, VWR, and Waters. It covers essential aspects of optimization in general, optimization in different LC-modi, hyphenated techniques and computer-aided optimization. The whole is rounded off with a section of user reports.
HPLC Methods for Pharmaceutical Analysis 4 volume set
The most commonly used method for analyzing substances, and the first method most researchers turn to, is high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Following up on a best-seller, volumes 1-4 continue to provide an easily-accessible collection of procedures for analyzing pharmaceuticals using HPLC. Provides fast, hands-on access to thousands of abstracts from the current literature on HPLC methods for pharmaceutical analysis.
HPLC Methods for Recently Approved Pharmaceuticals
Stop wasting time hunting for the right HPLC assay techniques. With this book, you will quickly identify and replicate the ideal procedures without having to refer to original source publications. It arms you with established HPLC assay techniques for hundreds of newly approved drugs, as well as drugs for which assay methods were only recently developed. This handbook includes: HPLC methods for 390 commonly prescribed pharmaceutical compounds; Methods for drugs in biological fluids and for bulk and formulated drugs; Chemical structures, molecular weights and formulas, and CAS Registry Numbers; Cross-references to The Merck Index; Retention times of other drugs that can be assayed using the same methods.
Solvent selection is perhaps the most commonly overlooked parameter in HPLC. Even the most experienced analytical chemist tends to select one of three familiar solvents. The HPLC Solvent Guide provides detailed coverage of all commonly used HPLC solvents used in a wide range of separations. This book give a practical overview of the role of solvents in HPLC method development. Details the physical, chemical, and chromatographic properties of the solvents followed with specific analytes.
HPLC for Pharmaceutical Scientists is an excellent book for pharmaceutical chemists who regularly use HPLC as an analytical tool to solve challenging problems in the pharmaceutical industry. It provides a unified approach to HPLC with an equal and balanced treatment of the theory and practice of HPLC in the pharmaceutical industry. In-depth discussion of retention processes, modern HPLC separation theory, properties of stationary phases and columns are well blended with the practical aspects of fast and effective method development and method validation. Practical and pragmatic approaches and actual examples of effective development of selective and rugged HPLC methods from a physico-chemical point of view are provided. This book elucidates the role of HPLC throughout the entire drug development process from drug candidate inception to marketed drug product and gives detailed specifics of HPLC application in each stage of drug development. The latest advancements and trends in hyphenated and specialized HPLC techniques (LC-MS, LC-NMR, Preparative HPLC, High temperature HPLC, high pressure liquid chromatography) are also discussed.
Revised and expanded to reflect recent innovations in HPLC, this authoritative reference presents practical strategies for the evaluation and analysis of proteins, peptides, and polynucleotides and offers class-specific applications for the characterization and fractionation of biological macromolecules. With contributions from experts, this edition provides new chapters summarizing specialized detection systems; current discussions on the chemical and biological properties of specific biomolecules; detailed guidelines for the development of modern analytical techniques; state-of-the-art exploration methods for complex mixtures; successful implementation and investigation procedures.
High pressure (or performance) liquid chromatography is a standard biochemical technique used for the separation of molecules. This volume covers the larger biomolecules - oligosaccharides, glycopeptides, oligonucleotides, polypeptides, and proteins. It also includes the latest advances in microbore and packed capillary technology and the use of mass spectrometric detection.
HPLC of Peptides and Proteins: Methods and Protocols
Hands-on experts from academia and industry describe how to successfully perform all the critical HPLC techniques needed for the analysis of peptides and proteins. The methods range from commonly used techniques to those for capillary to large-scale preparative isolation. The authors have also presented a number of specific applications as case studies to illustrate the analytical approaches to a particular separation or assay challenge, with examples drawn from contemporary fields in biochemistry and biotechnology
HPLC: Practical and Industry Applications, 2nd ed.
Since the publication of the first edition, the areas of mass spectroscopy, electrophoretic separations, and ultra-micro separations have blossomed. The Second Edition addresses all of these changes and more. The book is fully current, examining analytical HPLC as it is actually used in industry.
This reference handbook describes the fundamental principles and procedures underlying the successful isolation of viable, functionally intact haematopoietic and lymphoid cells, and their maintenance as primary cultures. It provides technical information on the signals and mediators required for the differentiation and growth of these cells. Chapters discuss dendritic cells, T and B lymphocytes, monocytes and macrophages, NK and LAK cells, mast cells and basophils, hematopoietic differentiation of embryonal stem cells, and culturing of murine thymic explants.
Presents important information about more than 550 organic compounds that are used as solvents. Includes name, synonyms, molecular formula, CAS Registry Numbers, and useful data for all of the compounds. Health hazards and safety guidelines also discussed.
Handbook of ATPases: Biochemistry, Cell Biology, Pathophysiology
ATP-dependent active ion transport enables cells to regulate their pH value and to control their ion composition. The reverse process, transforming an ion imbalance into chemical energy, drives mitochondrial and chloroplast ATP synthesis. The mediators of these fundamental processes are ion-motive ATPases, highly conserved enzymes that play key roles in cell physiology from bacteria to man. This handbook summarizes recent knowledge about the molecular mechanism of ATPases, relating this information to the physiology and pathophysiology of ion transport, mitochondrial function, vesicle transport and lysosomal acidification. All important P-type, F-type and V-type ATPases are treated systematically, complemented by a special section on the cell biology and physiology of acidic compartments.
Much of the analytical work involving GC, MS, GC-MS and more recently HPLC involve analytical derivatization prior to analysis. This book presents a collection of these derivatization methods. Those described here involve covalent derivatives of organic compounds.
The need to screen targets faster and more efficiently, coupled with advances in parallel and multiplex chemical synthesis, has contributed to the increasing use of multiwell assays for drug discovery. This book is a reference that describes the complete armament of tools available for performing various assay techniques. It presents descriptions of methods, laboratory guidelines and protocols used to perform such methods, specific examples of each assay system, and troubleshooting tools. The handbook describes biochemical assay classes as well as non-class specific assay development for cell-based assays. It covers a wide range of target classes-including kinases, proteases, nuclear receptors, and GPCRs-and describes currently employed methods and assay types, such as radioligand binding assays, image analysis assays, enzyme fragment complementation, and bioluminescent and fluorescent-based assays.
This fully updated edition pulls together diverse areas and applications of CE; the result is a volume that serves scientists in biotechnology, clinical, and pharmaceutical chemistry. The clear organization distinguishes general information − theory, modes of CE, detection, and data analysis − from specifics − with chapters on small molecules, peptides, proteins, carbohydrates, and nucleic acids as analytes. Some of the most useful chapters explore highly specialized applications of CE to large-scale DNA sequencing, drug analysis in biological fluids, binding studies, and enzyme assays.
This handbook provides the tools necessary to create and maintain a safe work environment. It provides a starting point for any chemical safety study, from providing information on proper chemical and equipment handling to guidance on purchasing, storage, use and disposal. This is the single most useful how-to guide available on issues related to chemical safety and will be an absolute necessity in any lab, chemist, chemical hygiene officer, or safety specialist’s workplace.
This edition highlights the problems associated with the production of chiral compounds on a commercial scale. The handbook first elaborates upon starting materials obtained from a "chiral pool," which can be derived from natural products. Then it explains methods and reactions that can introduce or influence stereogenic centers, particularly asymmetric hydrogenations, oxidations, pericyclic reactions, and enzymatic methods. The search for the ideal catalyst has consistently led researchers to enzymes present in biological systems. Several chapters concentrate on understanding how to manipulate enzymes for catalyzing new reactions for taking new substrates. Other topics include chiral auxiliaries, chromatographic techniques, enantiomers-specific reactions, and resolution.
Handbook of Derivatization Reactions for HPLC, Book and CD-ROM
This print and electronic database represents a tremendous time-saver for analytical chemists working in the popular area of HPLC. By abstracting and evaluating the most important derivatization procedures, chemists can avoid lengthy information searches to consult the primary literature. Both the print and fully-searchable CD-ROM databases offer everything an analytical chemist needs to conduct derivatizations.
Handbook of Detection of Enzymes on Electrophoretic Gels, 2nd ed.
This edition makes significant additions to the set of reliable gene markers suitable for electrophoretic analysis. It also strengthens the value of enzyme electrophoresis as a tool proven successful in solving a variety of problems. New is an overview of applications of enzyme electrophoresis and zymogram techniques; zymogram techniques for approximately 100 enzymes not in the first edition, bringing the total to more than 900 methods for detecting more than 400 different enzymes; information on subunit structure included within the enzyme sheets to facilitate interpretation of isozyme patterns detected on zymograms; an appendix containing information on the buffer systems most commonly used for enzyme electrophoresis in starch, cellulose acetate, and polyacrylamide gels.
In this book on ELISPOT, a critical enzyme-linked immunospot assay, experts detail how to design, perform, and analyze these assays. The techniques cover a wide variety of topics, including the use of membrane-backed plates, the standardization and validation procedures, the removal of cells from ELISPOT plates, cell separation techniques, and the quantification of ELISPOT data. There are also numerous ELISPOT applications involving animal models, human cells, measles, multiple sclerosis, immune responses, multicytokine detection systems, and immunocytochemistry. Highlights include dual-color and multiplex ELISPOT assays, use of the ELISPOT assay on feline lymphocytes, standardization of the ELISPOT procedure, and combining the ELISPOT assay with immunohistochemistry.
Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals, 2 vol. set, 4th ed.
For over two decades, the Handbook of Environmental Data on Organic Chemicals has provided comprehensive, in-depth coverage of dangerous organic compounds along with the control measures designed to reduce their destructive impact on the ecosystem. This new edition is fully updated to reflect the latest research in the field, including new organic chemicals, mixtures, and preparations.
This reference contains detailed information on more than 4000 natural and synthetic trade name and generic chemicals that are used in the flavor and fragrance industry. Flavoring agents are used in the formulation of food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. Fragrances, aroma chemicals, and perfumes are used in these industries as well as other consumer and industrial products in order to mask unpleasant odors. Entries in this reference for both trade names and generic chemicals contain extensive information on identification, synonyms, odor and/or flavor descriptions, molecular formula, chemical properties, function and application, toxicology, precautions, usage level, and regulatory data. Detailed contact information on suppliers of these chemicals/materials is also included. This invaluable research tool will provide easy access to information for all chemical professionals involved in the use of flavors and fragrances in compounding and formulation.
This handbook is the first to summarize all the essential aspects of this emerging field of chemistry. Whether the reader is seeking an introduction to the concept of fluorous biphase catalysis, summaries of partition coefficients involving fluorous and organic solvents, or information on the latest fluorous mixture separation techniques, this authoritative compilation provides key information needed for successfully working with the diverse and fascinating families of fluorous molecules. The large number of reliable experimental procedures in particular makes this the ideal guide for newcomers wanting to use this elegant method in the laboratory.
This book presents the physicochemical data on radical initiators and reactions of radical generation. Free radical initiators serve as reactive intermediates in synthetic methodologies such as organic and polymer synthesis as well as in technological processes, oligomerization, network formation, and kinetic research
Handbook of Functional Neuroimagery of Cognition 2nd ed.
This second edition has been completely updated to reflect new developments in the field, with existing chapters rewritten and new chapters added to each section. The section on history and methods now includes a chapter on the crucial topic of the physics of functional neuroimaging; the chapters on skill learning and executive functions are new to the domain section; and chapters on childhood development and emotion and social cognition have been added to the section on developmental, social, and clinical applications. The color insert has been increased in size, enhancing the visual display of representative findings.
This useful handbook provides the theoretical and practical information necessary to explore new applications for Grignard reagents on a day-to-day basis. Presents a comprehensive overview of current research activities in Grignard chemistry. Surveys specific reactions and applications of Grignard reagents, organized by type of substrate and the general category of reaction.
This book provides a complete guide to molecular immunology. The basic principles underlying assays of the immune system are discussed as are the application and interpretation of immune tests. It emphasizes the molecular basis for induction and regulation of immune responses; discusses cell receptors and accessory molecules, cytokines, growth factors and interleukins and their application in the diagnosis of various diseases; reviews serological testing for infectious diseases and the application of molecular biological techniques; and 115 tables summarize textual information.
Handbook of Industrial Cell Culture: Mammalian, Microbial, and Plant Cells
The authors describe the major current and evolving technologies for improving the biocatalytic capabilities of mammalian, microbial, and plant cells. The authors present state-of-the-art techniques, proven methods, and strategies for industrial screening, cultivation, and scale-up of these cells, and describe their biotech and industrial uses. Special emphasis is given to the solving critical issues encountered during the discovery of new drugs, process development, and the manufacture of new and existing compounds. Other topics include recombinant protein expression, bioinformatics, high throughput screening, analytical tools in biotechnology, DNA shuffling, and genomics discovery.
• More than 28,000 trade name products • More than 5,000 generic products with fully cross-referenced synonyms (hyperlinked in software) • HLB Classification Index • Ionic Classification Index • More than 19,000 Functional/Application Categories in a detailed index format • CAS, EINECS/ELINCS number and Chemical Formula index • More than 4,000 International Manufacturers
Handbook of Industrial Surfactants, 4th ed. 2 volume set
• More than 28,000 trade name products • More than 5,000 generic products with fully cross-referenced synonyms (hyperlinked in software) • HLB Classification Index • Ionic Classification Index • More than 19,000 Functional/Application Categories in a detailed index format • CAS, EINECS/ELINCS number and Chemical Formula index • More than 4,000 International Manufacturers
Handbook of Infrared Spectroscopy of Ultrathin Films
Because of the rapid increase in commercially available Fourier transform infrared spectrometers and computers over the past ten years, it has now become feasible to use IR spectrometry to characterize very thin films at extended interfaces. At the same time, interest in thin films has grown tremendously because of applications in microelectronics, sensors, catalysis, and nanotechnology. This book provides a practical guide to experimental methods, up-to-date theory, and considerable reference data, critical for scientists who want to measure and interpret IR spectra of ultrathin films.
Handbook of Ion Chromatography, 3rd Completely revised edition
The third edition of this highly successful handbook has been completely revised and considerably extended, making it unrivaled in the timeliness and comprehensiveness of the information presented. This new edition runs to two volumes, with added chapters or sections that cover new and important applications of ion chromatography in the life sciences, such as the analysis of proteins, nucleic acids, amino acids or carbohydrates. Also, new instrumentation that meets the demand for miniaturization and reduced analysis times; Coupling of ion chromatography to mass-spectrometric or inductively coupled plasma detectors; and Validation of ion-chromatographic methods, which is important for quality assurance.
A valuable reference tool for those seeking detailed information and guidance on specific safety and health issues, Handbook of Laboratory Health and Safety, Second Edition is also much more. By providing a set of clear, easy-to-follow guidelines that serve as a rational framework for creating site-specific health and safety requirements, it, in effect, arms laboratory managers with a solid foundation upon which to build—or reengineer—a comprehensive program for identifying, managing, and controlling health and safety hazards in the laboratory. All of the authors' recommended guidelines are clearly presented in the section entitled "Suggested Laboratory Health and Safety Guidelines." Each chapter of the handbook refers to the relevant sections of the Suggested Guidelines, explains the basis for the recommendations, and provides guidance on how to comply. Offering a feasible, easily implemented approach to designing and maintaining a safe workplace, Handbook of Laboratory Health and Safety is an indispensable tool for all those responsible for safeguarding the health and safety of lab workers and the residents of the ambient community
There is probably no name more closely linked to metathesis than that of Robert H. Grubbs of the California Institute of Technology. His pioneering work has led to the success of this important and fascinating reaction and in this comprehensive three-volume work he presents all its important aspects. The standard work on the topic. The team of authors reads like a "Who's who" of metathesis. Clearly divided into catalyst developments, organic synthesis applications and polymer synthesis
The third edition lists the formulations, methods of preparation, and uses for more than 4,000 microbiological media. With almost 30 percent more entries than the previous edition, the book includes new information on international collections of microorganisms. It also contains formulations and uses of media for isolation, culture, identification, and maintenance of microorganisms. The entries are arranged alphabetically by medium name and include synonyms, sources, and more. It makes finding media for culturing diverse microorganisms quick and simple, and presents easy-to-follow directions and "cookbook recipes" for preparing media.
Handbook of Molecular and Cellular Methods in Biology and Medicine, 2nd ed.
With step-by-step protocols, this edition presents up-to-date molecular and cellular methods and techniques, including additional methods for analysis of DNA-protein interactions by DNA footprinting and gel retardation assay, mRNA differential display, and microarray technology; Explains the principles behind each method; Includes helpful trouble-shooting guides. This edition includes: new protocols in all chapters, including alternative protocols; In vitro transcription methods; analysis of DNA sequences; new bioseparation techniques. New chapters cover: mRNA differential display; Inhibition of gene expression; In situ hybridization; Combinatorial techniques; Computational data mining methods applied to combinatorial chemistry libraries.
The Second Edition compiles the latest data and provides hard evidence on the prophylactic and medicinal properties of many natural foods. This handbook reviews more than 200 nutraceutical compounds. Each chapter includes the chemical properties, biochemical activity, dietary sources, and evidentiary findings for each compound. New topics include the use of exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria, protein as a functional ingredient for weight loss, and nutraceuticals to be used in the adjunctive treatment of depression. Two new chapters discuss recent evidence on oxidative stress and the antioxidant requirements of athletes as well as the use of nutraceuticals for inflammation. The scientific investigation of nutrition and lifestyle changes on the pain and debilitation of osteoarthritis is the subject of another new article.
Handbook of Organopalladium Chemistry for Organic Synthesis
The authoritative reference on organopalladium compounds, designed for synthetic chemists. Transition metals and their complexes represent one of the most important groups of catalysts for organic reactions. Among these, palladium has emerged as one of the most versatile catalysts in modern organic synthesis. The Handbook of Organopalladium Chemistry for Organic Synthesis is the first comprehensive and authoritative handbook on organopalladium reagents and catalysts. Editor Ei-ichi Negishi assembles contributions from several dozen international authorities on the use of palladium reagents and catalysts. The Handbook's contents are organized by reaction type, making the two-volume handbook of maximum utility to the bench synthetic chemist.
The Third Edition has been extensively updated and describes more than 5300 trade name products and 4000 generic chemicals and materials, available from worldwide manufacturers, that function as pharmaceutical additives. Pharmaceutical additives are defined in this reference as secondary ingredients present in both prescription and over-the-counter drug formulations and contributing in one or more of the following ways: • improving consumption ease of the dosage form by masking unpleasant odor, improving palatibility or appearance of the active ingredient. • enabling or enhancing the delivery of the drug or medicine that is available in a variety of dosage forms (i.e., oral; topical, ophthalmic, and otic; suppositories; injectables; inhalants) and thus improving its efficacy, control of bioavailability, uniformity, and/or flow characteristics • increasing the stability of active ingredients • acting as a filler or diluent so that an adequate amount of material is available to properly fill a dosage form • acting as an antimicrobial or antioxidant to extend the shelf life of the active ingredient Thus, the definition of pharmaceutical additives for the purpose of this work encompasses excipients, synergists, or chemicals that substantively contribute to the effectiveness of the active ingredient. Entries for both trade names and chemicals contain extensive information gathered from worldwide manufacturers, distributors, trade journals, government documents, and other reference sources.
The second edition has been extensively updated. It describes more than 4200 trade name products and 3300 generic chemicals and materials, available from worldwide manufacturers, that function as pharmaceutical additives. Pharmaceutical additives are defined in this reference as secondary ingredients present in both prescription and over-the-counter drug formulations. Thus, the definition of pharmaceutical additives for the purpose of this work encompasses excipients, synergists, or chemicals that substantively contribute to the effectiveness of the active ingredient. Entries for both trade names and chemicals contain extensive information gathered from worldwide manufacturers, distributors, trade journals, government documents, and other reference sources.
This Handbook helps pharmaceutical scientists develop biotech drugs through a comprehensive framework that spans the process from discovery, development, and manufacturing through validation and registration. With chapters written by leading practitioners in their specialty areas, this reference provides an overview of biotechnology used in the drug development process, covers extensive applications, plus regulations and validation methods, and features fifty chapters covering all the major approaches to the challenge of identifying, producing, and formulating new biologically derived therapeutics
This book includes the most recent advances and emerging new aspects of photochemistry and photobiology currently studied in academic and industrial research. It covers photochemical processes, excited states, energy transfer, mechanism and kinetics of photochemical reactions, emission or absorption spectroscopy, photochemical conversion, solar cells, photocatalysis, photosensitization, photoinitiated polymerization, epoxy polymers, photorefractive polymers supramolecules, dendrimers, host-guest inclusion compliexes, photocromic compounds, photoreception, photosynthesis, UV and visible radiation effects, photodynamic therapy, and photomedicines.
Handbook of Plant Genome Mapping: Genetic and Physical Mapping
While the Human Genome Project has received much public attention, the deciphering of the plant genome, in particular in crop plants, is of great importance for science and industry in such fields as agriculture, biotechnology, and food. It is equally crucial for our understanding of the molecular basis of biodiversity. This is the first book on the market to cover this hot topic in such detail, and is set apart by its combination of genetic and physical mapping. Throughout, each chapter begins with an easy-to-read introduction, also making the book the first reference designed for non-specialists and newcomers, too.
Handbook of Polyelectrolytes and Their Applications
This book is the first major reference source to provide complete coverage of polyelectrolytes, which is a rapidly expanding field of research. It covers all aspects of polyelectrolytes, and their chemical synthesis, spectroscopic characterization, fabrication, processing into multilayers, self-assemblies, thin films and nanostructures, physical properties, solution behavior, theoretical models and industrial applications of polyelectrolytes currently studied in academic and industrial research. Contains more than 6,000 bibliographic citations and thousands of illustrations, figures, tables, and equations.
This handbook contains comprehensive information on more than 5,500 trade names and generic chemicals and materials that are used in a broad range of formulations to prevent the contamination and decomposition of end products. Product degradation can be caused by exposure to oxygen, ozone, bacteria, molds, yeast, mildew, and fungi. The industries that depend on the proper selection of preserving chemicals and materials are diverse and include: plastics, elastomers, construction, paper/pulp, agriculture, textiles, paints and coatings, pharmaceutical, cosmetics, food, beverages.
This handbook contains comprehensive information on preservatives available from chemical manufacturers and will expedite the material selection process for chemists, formulators and purchasing agents by providing the answers to these questions:
• Is the agent capable of inhibiting the detrimental effects of oxygen, ozone, or microbes to the extent necessary? • Is the agent's overall physical and chemical attributes compatible with the product or system being protected? • Can the agent remain stable under storage conditions and for the application requirements? • Is its safety in production and handling acceptable? • Does its level of toxicity meet environmental regulations? • Does it meet cost requirements?
Trade name entries contain detailed information provided by the manufacturers and are cross referenced by chemical composition, application, CAS and EINECS numbers. Generic chemicals that either function as preservatives or are part of the trade name product's composition are also included with extensive monographs. Suppliers of the trade names and chemicals are listed with full contact information
Extensively revised and updated, the new edition of this highly regarded handbook is an essential reference for biochemists, biotechnologists and molecular biologists. Edited by world-renowned experts in the field, this comprehensive work provides detailed information on all known proteolytic enzymes to date. This two-volume set unveils new developments on proteolytic enzymes which are being investigatedin pharmaceutical research for such diseases as HIV, Hepatitis C, and the common cold. Volume I covers aspartic and metallo petidases while Volume II examines peptidases of cysteine, serine, threonine and unknown catalytic type. A CD-ROM accompanies the book containing fully searchable text, specialised scissile bond searches, 3-D color structures and much more.
A compendium of thirty-four powerful techniques for identifying and analyzing the diversity of proteins expressed in cells. These readily reproducible proteomic methods range from general to specific techniques, and include methods for data analysis, posttranslational modification, and its variants and isoforms. Additional methods demonstrate the application of proteomics to the discovery of serological tumor markers, to identifying the determinants of sensitivity to antitumor drugs, and to specialized fields, such as endocrinology, plant biology, nephrology, and urology.
Covers radiochemistry and clinical applications including the production of various radionuclides, positron emission tomography (PET) and drug development. Discussions on the uses of radiopharmaceuticals in the diagnosis and therapy of cancer and other diseases are also included.
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, 4 volume set
Consisting of four volumes, the Handbook of Reagents includes over 500 reagents selected from the Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis. Each volume is self-contained and focuses on a different class of reagents, chemical substances useful for producing a chemical reaction. This current volume outlines acidic and basic reagents. Detailed physical and chemical data is provided so the reader will understand the exact use for a reagent and work with it properly. Adopting the basic format and size of the original Encyclopedia, each volume contains an introduction, an alphabetical arrangement of reagents as well as author and subject indexes.
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Activating and Protecting Agents
One of four self-contained handbooks derived from the renowned Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, this volume focuses on activating and protecting agents. It follows the same format as the Encyclopedia, including an introduction and an alphabetical arrangement of the reagents. It also provides physical and detailed chemical data for every reagent, helping chemists in diverse disciplines understand what the reagents are used for and how to work safely with them.
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Chiral Reagents for Asymmetric Synthesis
As chiral reagents are the key for the successful asymmetric synthesis, choosing the right reagents is essential, in this handy reference the editors give details on how to prepare, store and use the reagents as well as providing key reactions to demonstrate where reagents have been successfully used. This book contains comprehensive information on 226 reagents It covers many of the optically active reagents and catalysts in use at the present time, with the overall intention to compile in manageable format as much indispensable information as possible. The selection reflects the sharp increase in demand for enantionmerically pure reagents and products. This development has been driven by synthetic organic chemists working in natural products synthesis and by medicinal chemists working on the development of enantionmerically pure drugs.
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Oxidizing and Reducing Agents
One of four self-contained handbooks derived from the renowned Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, this volume focuses on oxidizing and reducing agents for organic synthesis. It follows the same format as the Encyclopedia, including an introduction and an alphabetical arrangement of the reagents. It also provides physical and detailed chemical data for every reagent, helping chemists in diverse disciplines understand what the reagents are used for and how to work safely with them.
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Reagents for Direct Functionalization of C-H Bonds
A concise and informative collection of articles on the synthesis of organic, biological and medicinal materials. Key Features: • Detailed information on 200 reagents to be used for the functionalization of C-H bonds in the carbon backbone of organic molecules • A systematic approach to the use of organometallic compounds in organic synthesis • Articles will stress chemical aspects such as yield, conversion, specifity [enantio, stereo, regio, chemo], and where applicable, catalyst loading/turnover
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Reagents for Glycoside, Nucleotide and peptide Synthesis
This handbook collects together short, informative articles on approximately 250 of the most widely used reagents in the field, into a single volume. Each of the articles, drawn from the e-EROS database, contains a summary of the most pertinent reactions for every reagent, with references to the original literature. This handbook compiles all the essential reagents for syntheses on and with biomolecules; and gives key information on protection, bond formation and deprotection. An essential resource for all synthetic chemists working in drug development and medicinal chemistry and makes use of the leading reagent database e-EROS
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Reagents for high Throughput Solid Phase and Solution Phase Organic Synthesis
Since its discovery in 1963 by R. B. Merrifield, solid-phase synthesis, or polymer-supported synthesis, has become an essential technique with its wide use in the synthesis of peptides and other oligomers. Solid-Phase Reactions provides extensive and comprehensive information on this form of synthesis in a format ideal for those working in the laboratory. As part of the Handbook of Reagents in Organic Synthesis Series, this new addition extends the wealth of information available to the chemist at the bench. All content has been expertly collected and presented by an internationally recognised editorial board.
Handbook of Reagents for Organic Synthesis: Reagents, Auxiliaries and Catalysts for C-C Bond Formation
One of four self-contained handbooks derived from the renowned Encyclopedia of Reagents for Organic Synthesis, this volume focuses on reagents, auxiliaries, and catalysts for C-C bond formation. It follows the same format as the Encyclopedia, including an introduction and an alphabetical arrangement of the reagents. It also provides physical and detailed chemical data for every reagent, helping chemists in diverse disciplines understand what the reagents are used for and how to work safely with them.
This reference contains comprehensive information on more than 3,000 solvents. It serves as an integrated reference tool for decision making in formulation, purchasing, and the understanding of safety issues. Each entry contains information on: chemical composition, classification, properties, functions/applications, toxicology, flammability and reactivity ratings, storage, environmental impact for both trade name and generic solvents that are manufactured worldwide. A functional/application cross-reference contains more than 10,000 categories followed by an alphabetical listing of the trade name products and chemicals that are suited for use in these areas.
Handbook of Thin-Layer Chromatography, 3rd edition
Written by over 40 internationally acclaimed authorities on thin-layer chromatography (TLC), this comprehensive Second Edition presents the latest techniques, instrumentation, and applications of overpressurized, rotational, and high-performance quantitative TLC.
Features updated information from the 14th Edition of Hawley¿s Condensed Chemical Dictionary. A valuable reference to industrial chemicals, nomenclature, processes, reactions, products, and related terminology. Includes over 20,000 entries that are organized alphabetically for easy use. Each chemical substance entry is identified by name, physical properties, source of occurrence, shipping regulations, CAS®number, chemical formula, potential hazard, derivations, synonyms, and applications.
This latest version includes individual entries for over 300 compounds. The extensive list of references has been updated and includes entries for 15 pesticides commonly used in greenhouses. Emphasis is placed on disposal methods that turn hazardous waste material into non-toxic products. These methods fall into several categories, including acid/base neutralization, oxidation or reduction, and precipitation of toxic ions as insoluble solids. The text also provides data on hazardous reactions of chemicals, assisting laboratory managers in developing a plan of action for emergencies such as the spill of any of the chemicals listed.
Head Space Analysis And Related Methods In Gas Chromatography
Treats the new and rapidly developing independent field in gas chromatographic analysis based on the use of out of column phase equilibria and partition coefficients in gas-liquid systems. Describes new methods of head space analysis for the first time, plus related methods based on the equilibrium between liquid and gas states. Describes physico-chemical applications of this new method. Considers new principles of investigating chemical equilibria solutions and describes the determination of impurities in gases and the calibration of chromatographs. Covers original devices and up-to-date automatic instruments for head-space analysis.
By way of review, this volume starts with the structure and biosynthesis of heparin and heparan sulfates (heparinoids). The remainder concentrates on the metabolism, characterization, and biological roles of heparinoid proteoglycans. Because they are so diverse, the discussion enters into hemostasis, lipoprotein metabolism, fibroblast growth factors, and superoxide dismutase activity. A brief but key discussion focuses on using affinity chromatography for purifying and analyzing proteoglycans.
An important reference work for chemists at all levels who are working with heterocyclic compounds. The fourth edition revises material included in earlier editions and includes new sections covering heterocyclic aspects of combinatorial chemistry, bioprocessing, and conducting polymers. In its more advanced sections, the book emphasises modern methods for the synthesis and chemical manipulation of heterocyclic compounds.
High Performance Liquid Chromatography: Principles and Methods in Biotechnology
Theoretical and practical aspects of the application of HPLC to the biosciences are presented. This includes sample preparation, column selection, detection, preparative HPLC, and the use of HPLC for specific biomolecules. Comparisons between HPLC and alternative bioseparation methods are also discussed.
This book provides a broad treatment of the principles and theory of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) as it is used in the chemical sciences. It is written at an intermediate level, with mathematics used to augment, rather than replace, clear verbal descriptions of the phenomena. This book is intended to allow the reader to understand NMR at a fundamental level, and to see illustrations of the applications of NMR to the determination of the structure of small organic molecules and macromolecules, including proteins. Emphasis is on the study of NMR in liquids, but the treatment also includes high resolution NMR in the solid state and the principles of NMR imaging and localized spectroscopy.
High Temperature Superconductor Bulk Materials: Fundamentals- Processing- Properties Control- Application Aspects
With its comprehensive review of the current knowledge and the future requirements in the field, this book presents all the features of bulk high temperature superconducting materials. Starting from physical and chemical fundamentals, the authors move on to portray methods and problems of materials processing, thoroughly working out the characteristic properties of bulk superconductors in contrast to long conductors and films. They provide a wide range of specific materials characteristics with respect to the latest developments and future applications guiding from fundamentals to practical engineering examples.
This book offers concise and unbiased presentations by synthetic and analytical chemists who have been involved in creating and moving the field of combinatorial chemistry into the academic and industrial mainstream. Since the synthetic method often dictates the appropriate types of analysis, each chapter or section begins with a description of the synthesis approach and its advantages. The description of various combinatorial and high-throughput parallel synthesis techniques provide a relevant point of entry for synthetic chemists who need to set up appropriate characterisation methods for his/her organisation. This is an invaluable resource for all investigating combinatorial techniques to increase overall efficiency and productivity.
This book is a reference on state-of-the-art sample preparation techniques for bioanalysis. It focuses on high throughput techniques and describes exactly how to perform and automate these methodologies, including useful strategies for method development and optimization. A review of the literature is included within each of these chapters: protein removal by precipitation; equilibrium dialysis and ultrafiltration; liquid-liquid extraction; solid-phase extraction; and various on-line techniques. Objectives that can be accomplished when the presented strategies are followed include: improved efficiency in moving discovery compounds to preclinical status with robust analytical methods and return on investment in automation for sample preparation.
High Throughput Screening in Chemical Catalysis: Technologies, Strategies and Applications
This is the first book to cover all of the important aspects of this rapidly developing field. The editors from Symyx Technologies Inc, have assembled a group of distinguished authors who contributed up-to-date results and status in their application of high-throughput methodologies. Each chapter is devoted to a major topic including: high-throughput micro-reactor and synthesis equipment technologies, analytical approaches, experimental design and testing strategies, and fully integrated workflows for materials discovery. Examples in chemical catalysis with an emphasis on heterogeneous catalysis, olefin polymerization using homogeneous catalysts, and electrocatalysis for fuel cells are presented.
Leading scientists explain the diverse technologies and key techniques used in HTS and demonstrate how they can be applied generically. Writing the guidebook they wish had been available when they started in HTS, they illuminate the HTS process with detailed tutorials on the biological techniques involved, the management of compound libraries, and the automation and engineering approaches needed. Discussions provide those key elements of pharmacology, molecular biology, enzymology, and biochemistry that will ensure the identification of suitable targets and screens, and detail the technology necessary to mine millions of data points.
High Throughput Screening: The Discovery of Bioactive Substances
Furnishing information on the most important investigational system for discovery programs that address the effects of small molecules on newly discovered enzyme and receptor targets emanating from molecular biology, this resource facilitates the transition from classical to high throughput screening (HTS) systems and provides a foundation for the implementation and development of HTS in bio-based industries and associated academic environments. Topics include how to attain natural products for HTS programs.
High Throughput Synthesis: Principles and Practices
This reference presents an extensive compilation of "how-to" methods, novel materials, and catalyst developments for creating a multitude of new compounds. It couples introductory sections with case studies that clarify theory through practice, emphasizing potential for reproducing experiments in detail. This text explores research areas such as microfluidics and sensor development. It describes hands-on mechanics toward high-throughput synthesis of new materials and catalysts, along with automated, robotic, and nonautomated synthesizers for production of compound libraries.
Highly Selective Neurotoxins: Basic and Clinical Applications
Provides the background knowledge necessary to obtain a predictable experimental outcome with drugs that are used to destroy selected neurons. Each chapter discusses the mechanism of action of a neurotoxin and the limitations of its experimental use. Includes a discussion of xenobiotics, drugs of abuse, and medicines with neurotoxic potential. Provides insights into neuron function and response to chemical insults.
Histone Deacetylases: Transcriptional Regulation and Other Cellular Functions
A panel of leading investigators summarizes and synthesizes the new discoveries in the rapidly evolving field of histone acetylation as a key regulatory mechanism for gene expression. The authors describe what has been learned about these proteins, including the identification of the enzymes, the elucidation of the enzymatic mechanisms of action, and the identification of their substrates and their partners. They also review the structures that have been solved for a number of enzymes—both alone and in complex with small molecule inhibitors—and the biological roles of the several histone deacetylases (HDAC) genes that have been knocked out in mice.
Histotechnology: a Self Instructional Text, 2nd ed.
This guide to histotechnology serves as a troubleshooting resource and a special staining procedure reference. Chapters cover fixation, processing, instrumentation, safety, laboratory mathematics and solution preparation, nuclear and cytoplasmic staining, carbohydrates and amyloid, connective and muscle tissue, nerve, microorganisms, pigments, minerals, and cytoplasmic granules, immunohistochemistry, enzyme histochemistry, and electron microscopy. Changes include new chapters pertinent to histotechnologists preparing for the HTL (ASCP) certifying exams, a new glossary, and improved problem-solving techniques.
Contains a balanced discussion of homogeneous catalytic reactions that are used in industry, featuring every documented example employed in a current commercial process, or that have a broad application in the organic synthesis laboratory. Incorporates synthesis with chiral catalysts in chapters on hydrogenation, CO chemistry and olefin oxidation. New additions include Tennessee Eastman's coal-based acetic anhydride plant and IFP's Dimersol process for dimerizing propylene as well as major changes in the areas on pharmaceuticals, flavors, fragrances, agricultural and electronic chemicals.
Interest in nanoporous crystals as host-guest systems has risen dramatically over the past few years, such that this fascinating class of substances now plays an important role not only in material sciences, but also in numerous other disciplines, such as organic or supramolecular chemistry. With their unique characteristics, nanoporous crystals offer a wide range of possible applications.
A revised and updated collection readily reproducible techniques for culturing human cells. This edition includes a wide range of human cell types relevant to human disease and new chapters on fibroblasts, Schwann cells, gastric and colonic epithelial cells, and parathyroid cells. The protocols follow the successful Methods in Molecular Medicine¿ series format, each offering step-by-step laboratory instructions, an introduction outlining the principle behind the technique, lists of the necessary equipment and reagents, and tips on troubleshooting and avoiding known pitfalls
Human Cytogenetics: Constitutional Analysis, A Practical Approach, 3rd ed.
This covers all basic aspects of human cytogenetic study other than malignancies and abnormalities. Since the 2nd edition, the largest new development has been the transition of fluorescence in situ hybridization to an essential tool for cytogenetecists. Its use in chromosome analysis is covered in detail. Another new technology described in detail is computerised image analysis. Conventional techniques have not been forgotten, with chapters on chromosome staining and banding techniques and meiotic studies. New authors take a fresh look at lymphocyte culture and prenatal diagnosis
Human Cytogenetics: Malignancy and acquired abnormalities, A Practical Approach, 3rd ed.
The advent of molecular technologies has lead to a rapid acceleration in the cytogenetic study of malignancy and acquired abnormalities. As well as having a chapter devoted to molecular technologies (FISH, PRINS, and CGH), molecular methodology is emphasized in all chapters. There are three chapters on the specific methodology for the cytogenetic study of myeloid leukemia, acute lymphoblastic leukemia, and lymphomas and lymphoproliferative disorders. Also covered are chromosome instability syndromes, mutagen-induced chromosome damage in lymphocytes and the role of cytogenetics in the assessment of hematological disorders.
This book provides an accessible introduction to human drug metabolism for those who already have some understanding of the life sciences. It focuses only on essential chemical detail and includes patient case histories to illustrate the clinical consequences of changes in drug metabolism and its impact on patient welfare. After underlining the relationship between efficacy, toxicity and drug concentration, the book then considers how metabolising systems operate and how they impact upon drug concentration, both under drug pressure and during inhibition. Factors affecting drug metabolism, such as genetic polymorphisms, age and diet are discussed and how metabolism can lead to toxicity is explained. The book concludes with the role of drug metabolism in the commercial development of therapeutic agents as well as the pharmacology of some illicit drugs
A discussion of all the key issues in the use of human pluripotent stem cells for treating degenerative diseases or for replacing tissues lost from trauma. On the practical side, the topics range from the problems of deriving human embryonic stem cells and driving their differentiation along specific lineages, regulating their development into mature cells, and bringing stem cell therapy to clinical trials. Regulatory issues are addressed in discussions of the ethical debate surrounding the derivation of human embryonic stem cells and the current policies governing their use in the United States and abroad, including the rules and conditions regulating federal funding and questions of intellectual property.
This text begins by addressing the basic biology of the cells, in the context of the other stem cell populations present in fetuses and adult organisms. Discussion then turns to how stem cells can be used to further the understanding of human developmental processes, which currently lags far behind that of model organisms. Several chapters describe attempts to generate stem cell derived specific lineages as potential tools for cell based therapeutics, and these are followed by discussion of the legal and moral issues which accompany this ground breaking research.
Human Embryonic Stem Cells: An Introduction to the Science and Therapeutic Potential
The social debate involving the creation of human embryos for stem cell therapy prompted the writing of this text. The emerging field of human embryonic stem cell biomedicine crosses many disciplinary boundaries - cell biology, reproductive biology, embryology, molecular biology, endocrinology, immunology, fetal medicine, transplantation medicine and surgery. This single reference provides basic information from these multiple disciplines as it pertains to the science of stem cells.
Human Genetic Disease Analysis: A Practical Approach, 2nd ed.
This new edition covers all the important methods now commonly in use, including synthetic oligonucleotide hybridization, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, and fluorescence in situ hybridization. This book describes not only the analysis of gene mutations but also the functional organization of genes and chromosome regions.
Each chapter focuses on a core concept of human genetics, illustrated by a corresponding clinical case that guides the reader through key principles. Topics from Mendelian, molecular, and quantitative genetics are covered in such a way that the role of genes in disease is easily understood.
This book provides a complete account of human molecular genetics in the post-genome era, from basic principles to current practice. It is designed to engage readers with detailed full-color illustrations, special topic boxes (coverage of ethical, legal and social issues) and a constant emphasis on understanding principles rather than memorizing detail. Initial chapters cover DNA structure and function, chromosomes, pedigrees and the basic techniques of PCR, cloning and hybridization, and include a new chapter on cells and development. Later chapters detail new understanding of the structure, organization, expression and evolution of the human genome. Final sections cover functional genomics, the role of animal models and new approaches to genetic treatment of disease.
Authors take advantage of recent advances in neurobiology and molecular biology to include new coverage of such critical discoveries as stem cells, apoptosis, role of the amygdala in stress, and significance of dendritic spines. Among the core topics are pain and pain pathways, the visual system, development and growth of the nervous system, the chemical senses of smell and taste, and the limbic system. There is also fresh material on neuronal stem cells, the auditory and vestibular systems, neurotransmitters as the chemical messengers of certain brain circuits, the cerebellum, and lesions of the spinal nerves, spinal cord, and brainstem. The superb illustrations are designed to extract and visually highlight the essence of the neuroanatomical features embedded in the complexities of the nervous system.
This video guide, produced at the University of Pittsburgh Hybridoma Center, demonstrates the technical steps required for the successful production of antibodies: immunization and bleeding of mice, fusion of spleen cells and myeloma cells with PEG and DMSO, HAT selection and screening off positive cultures and growth of hybridoma lines. The demonstrations are accompanied by audio commentary on the procedures involved and their theoretical basis. (32 minutes)
Hydrocarbon Chemistry begins by discussing the general aspects of hydrocarbons, the separation of hydrocarbons from natural sources, and the synthesis from C1 precursors with recent developments for possible future applications. Each successive chapter deals with a specific type of hydrocarbon transformation. The Second Edition includes a new section on the chemical reduction of carbon dioxide–focusing on catalytic, ionic, electrocatalytic, photocatalytic, and ezymatic reductions–as well as a new chapter on new catalysts and activation methods, combinatorial chemistry, and environmental chemistry.
Hydrolases in Organic Synthesis: Regio- and Stereoselective Biotransformations, 2nd ed.
The second edition presents recent developments in the use of hydrolases for organic synthesis, reflecting in particular the enormous progress made in enzyme discovery and optimization with a new chapter on "Protein Sources and Optimization of Biocatalyst Performance". The renowned authors survey the stereoselective reactions of hydrolases, especially lipases, esterases and proteases, giving researchers an overview of what has worked in the past so that they can judge how to solve their own synthetic problems. In total, the book contains over one thousand chemical structures, rounded off by some 1,800 invaluable references.
Hydrolysis in Drug and Prodrug Metabolism: Chemistry, Biochemistry and Enzymology
Xenobiotic metabolism encompasses physiology, pathophysiology, pharmacology, toxicology, environmental issues, biochemistry, genetics, medical chemistry, computational (bio)chemistry, analytical chemistry, etc., and reactions of hydrolysis play a central role in metabolic pathways. Testa conceptualizes reactions of drug metabolism, and presents a review of all metabolic reactions and enzymes involved in the hydrolysis of drugs and prodrugs. Nothing of this sort has been written before, as hydrolysis together with some other reactions of drug metabolism have been in the shadow of the drug-metabolism community’s preoccupation with the ‘P450 hype’ and the superfamily of CYP genes coding for oxidative enzymes of drug metabolism.
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