Pristane

Sigma^® is pleased to make this important compound available to cancer researchers

Product No. P2870 – Minimum 98%

Adjuvant for inducing human-type diseases in rodent models and for antibody production

Pristane (2,6,10,14-Tetramethylpentadecane) is an isoprenoid alkane that was initially isolated from shark liver oil.¹ The availability of natural source pristane became limited due to the protection of several shark species. Sigma is now synthesizing pristane in our production facilities, making us one of the few companies to continue to provide this product for research.

• Pristane is used to induce plasmacytomas in mice as a model of human multiple myeloma.^2,3
• Pristane induces a disease similar to lupus nephratis in mice, making it useful for autoimmune studies.^4-6
• Pristane induces arthritis in rats for the study of rheumatoid arthritis.^7,8
• These models have been used to investigate the role of c-myc chromosomal translocation^9,10, the role of growth factors including interleukin-6 (IL-6)^11-14, TFN-α¹³, interleukin-12 (IL-12)¹⁵, and γ-interferon (IFNg)^16-18 in disease state signaling pathways, and the connection of prostaglandins and chronic inflammation^13,19 to cancer, arthritis, and lupus.
• Pristane is used to precondition the peritoneal cavity of mice, prior to the induction of ascites fluid with myeloma cells for production of monoclonal antibodies.^20-24

References

1. Merck Index, 13th Ed., Entry #7841
2. Potter, M., Neoplastic development in plasma cells. Immunol. Rev. 194, 177-95 (2003) (Review).
3. Gado, K., et al., Mouse plasmacytoma: an experimental model of human multiple myeloma. Haematologica, 86, 227-36 (2001) (Review).
4. Lin, L., et al., Susceptibility of mast cell--deficient W/Wv mice to pristane-induced experimental lupus nephritis. Immunol. Lett., 91, 93-7 (2004).
5. Satoh, M., et al, Induction of lupus autoantibodies by adjuvants. J. Autoimmun., 21, 1-9 (2003).
6. Shaheen, V.M., et al., Immunopathogenesis of environmentally induced lupus in mice. Environ. Health Perspect., 107, 723-7 (1999).
7. Vingsbo, C., et al., Pristane-induced arthritis in rats: a new model for rheumatoid arthritis with a chronic disease course influenced by both major histocompatibility complex and non-major histocompatibility complex genes. Am. J. Pathol., 149, 1675-83 (1996).
8. Holmdahl, R., et al, Arthritis induced in rats with nonimmunogenic adjuvants as models for rheumatoid arthritis. Immunol. Rev., 184, 184-202 (2001).
9. Ohno, S., et al., Murine plasmacytomas, carrier of the t(12;15) chromosomal translocation, develop from immature/mature B cells not from differentiated plasma cells. Carcinogenesis, 20, 529-38 (1999).
10. Mai, S. and Wiener, F., The impact of p53 loss on murine plasmacytoma development. Chromosome Res., 10, 239-51 (2002).
11. Lattanzio, G., et al., Defective development of pristane-oil-induced plasmacytomas in interleukin-6-deficient BALB/c mice. Am. J. Pathol., 151, 689-96 (1997).
12. Dedera, D.A., et al., Interleukin-6 is required for pristane-induced plasma cell hyperplasia in mice. Br. J. Haematol., 94, 53-61 (1996).
13. Akaogi, J., et al., Prostaglandin E2 receptors EP2 and EP4 are up-regulated in peritoneal macrophages and joints of pristane-treated mice and modulate TNF-alpha and IL-6 production. J. Leukoc. Biol., 76, 227-36 (2004).
14. Kovalchuk, A.L., et al., IL-6 transgenic mouse model for extraosseous plasmacytoma. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA, 99, 1509-14 (2002).
15. Calvani, N., et al. Nephritogenic autoantibodies but absence of nephritis in Il-12p35-deficient mice with pristane-induced lupus. Kidney Int., 64, 897-905 (2003).
16. Zheng, C.L., et al., Complete Freund's adjuvant suppresses the development and progression of pristane-induced arthritis in rats. Clin. Immunol., 103, 204-9 (2002).
17. Richards, H.B., et al., Interferon-gamma is required for lupus nephritis in mice treated with the hydrocarbon oil pristane. Kidney Int., 60, 2173-80 (2001).
18. Zheng, C.L., et al, Complete Freund's adjuvant promotes the increases of IFN-gamma and nitric oxide in suppressing chronic arthritis induced by pristane. Inflammation, 27, 247-55 (2003).
19. Potter, M., et al., Indomethacin is a potent inhibitor of pristane and plastic disc induced plasmacytomagenesis in a hypersusceptible BALB/c congenic strain. Blood, 90, 260-9 (1997).
20. Hoogenraad, N.J. and Wraight, C.J., The effect of pristane on ascites tumor formation and monoclonal antibody formation. Methods in Enzymology, 121, 375-381 (1986).
21. Antibodies: A Laboratory Manual, Harlow, E., and Lane, D., Eds., Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory (Cold Spring Harbor, NY: 1988), p. 123.
22. Lacy, M.J., and Voss, E.W., Jr., A modified method to induce immune polyclonal ascites fluid in BALB/c mice using Sp2/0-Ag14 cells, J. Immunol. Methods, 87, 169-177 (1986).
23. Jackson, L.R., et al., Monoclonal antibody production in murine ascites. II. Production characteristics. Lab Anim. Sci., 49, 81-6 (1999).

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