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S6445 S-2E ≥98% (HPLC), powder HMG-CoA reductase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase inhibitor. In the liver, S-2E is converted into its active metabolite, S-2E-CoA. S-2E-CoA noncompetitively inhibited the enzymatic activities of both 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme-A (HMG-CoA) reductase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase at K(i)=18.11 microM and K(i)=69.2 microM, respectively.
 
    • S5944 S-15176 difumarate salt ≥98% (HPLC), solid Antioxidant and anti-ischemic agent. Also inhibits mitochondrial permeability transition, prevents the early step in apoptosis by preventing collapse of the electrochemical gradient across the mitochondrial membrane. IC50 for in vitro lipid peroxidation is 0.3 μM. IC50 for carnitine palmitoyltransferase (CPT-1) in heart homogenate is 16.8 μM. The shift from fatty acid to glucose oxidation may contribute to anti-ischemic effect.
    		  
    • S5321 S15535 ≥98% (HPLC), solid Potent, orally active, partial 5-HT1A receptor agonist
    		  
    • S166 Saclofen solid Selective GABAB receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... GABBR1(2550), GABBR2(9568)
    mouse ... GABBR1(54393), GABBR2(242425)
    rat ... GABBR1(81657), GABBR2(83633)
    • SML0025 Safinamide mesylate salt ≥98% (HPLC) Safinamide is a highly selective and reversible monoamine oxidase type B (MAO-B) inhibitor that increases neostriatal dopamine concentration. In addition, safinamide is voltage-dependent sodium and calcium channel blocker. It appears to bind to the batrachotoxin-sensitive site 2 of the voltage-sensitive sodium channels. Safinamide blocks N and L-type calcium channels and inhibits glutamate and aspartate release from synaptic terminals.
    		  
    • SML0061 SAHA ≥98% (HPLC) Vorinostat or suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA) is a potent, reversible pan-histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor. It inhibits both class I and class II HDACs, altering gene transcription and inducing cell cycle arrest and/or apoptosis in a wide variety of transformed cells.
    		  
    • S4451 Sal003 ≥98% (HPLC) Sal003 is a potent and cell-permeable eIF-2a phosphatase inhibitor.
    		  
    • S8260 Salbutamol β2-adrenoceptor agonist
    		 human ... ADRB2(154)
    • S5013 Salbutamol hemisulfate salt ≥98% β2-Adrenergic receptor agonist.
    		 human ... ADRB2(154)
    • 84228 Salicylamide matrix substance for MALDI-MS, ≥99.0% (T)   human ... AR(367)
    • 860417 Salicylamide 99%   human ... AR(367)
    • UC407 Salicyl glucuronide disodium salt Phase II metabolite of aspirin.
    		  
    • S5922 Salicylic acid BioXtra, ≥99.0%   human ... ALB(213), PTPN1(5770)
    • S7401 Salicylic acid plant cell culture tested   human ... ALB(213), PTPN1(5770)
    • 247588 Salicylic acid ACS reagent, ≥99.0%   human ... ALB(213), PTPN1(5770)
    • 84210 Salicylic acid puriss. p.a., ≥99.0% (T)   human ... ALB(213), PTPN1(5770)
    • 27301 Salicylic acid meets analytical specification of Ph. Eur., BP, USP, 99.5-100.5% (calc. to the dried substance)   human ... ALB(213), PTPN1(5770)
    • 105910 Salicylic acid ReagentPlus®, ≥99%   human ... ALB(213), PTPN1(5770)
    • W398500 Salicylic acid ≥99%   human ... ALB(213), PTPN1(5770)
    • 565504 Salicylideneaniline 97%   human ... CYP2D6(1565)
    • UC301 Salicyl sulfate disodium salt Phase II metabolite of aspirin; analgesic; anti-inflammatory.
    		  
    • S4526 Salinomycin from Streptomyces albus, ≥98% (HPLC) Polyether potassium ionophore
    		  
    • S5068   Salmeterol xinafoate ≥98% (HPLC), solid β2-adrenoceptor agonist.
    		 human ... ADRB2(154)
    • SML0070 Salsalate ≥98% (HPLC) Salsalate is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), a nonacetylated salicylate with no more problems of gastrointestinal bleeding than placebo. It inhibits synthesis and release of prostaglandins through the inactivation of cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) and COX-2. Salsalate is currently being investigated as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes with possible use to prevent the disease in people at risk. It reduces blood glucose concentrations in patients with type 2 diabetes, as well as in insulin-resistant patients without diabetes.
    		  
    • SML0045 Salvianolic acid A hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) Salvianolic acid A is cell protective antioxidant originally isolated from Salvia. It has been found to attenuate PDGF-induced ROS formation in hepatic stellate cells and protected against isoproterenol-induced myocardial damage in rats.
    		  
    • S8071 Salvinorin A ≥98% (HPLC), film Salvinorin A is a potent, non-nitrogenous κ opioid selective receptor agonist. Salvinorin A is isolated from Salvia divinorum. Salvinorin A displays high affinity at both native (Ki=4.3 nm) and cloned (Ki=16 nm) κ -opioid receptors. Preliminary studies suggest that Salvanorin A is chemically unique among the psychtropic drugs and does not bind to any known receptor.
    		 human ... OPRD1(4985), OPRK1(4986), OPRM1(4988)
    rat ... Oprk1(29335)
    • 30553 Samarium(III) ionophore I Selectophore™    
    • SML0214   SAMT-247 ≥98% (HPLC) SAMT-247 inhibits HIV by modifying the nucleocapsid NCp7 region of Gag in infected cells, blocking Gag processing and reducing infectivity.
    		  
    • S9318 Sandoz 58-035 >98% (HPLC), powder Acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT) inhibitor.
    		 human ... SOAT1(6646)
    rat ... Soat1(81782)
    • S5895 Sangivamycin hydrate from Streptomyces rimosus A cytotoxic purine nucleoside, active against human cytomegalovirus (HCMV); inhibits protein kinase C.
    		  
    • S5890 Sanguinarine chloride hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) A natural product with antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties. Has antiproliferative, pro-apoptosis effects in some cancer cell lines.
    		  
    • S4572 SANT-1 ≥98% (HPLC), powder SANT-1 is a potent sonic hedgehog pathway (Shh) antagonist that directly inhibits by binding to the smoothened (Smo) receptor. SANT-1 inhibits wild type and oncogenic Smo with equal potency.
    		  
    • S9896   Saporin from Saponaria officinalis seeds lyophilized powder A ribosome inactivating protein.
    		  
    • S8451 Saquinavir mesylate ≥98% (HPLC), powder Saquinavir is an HIV Protease Inhibitor used in antiretroviral therapy. It inhibits both HIV-1 and HIV-2 proteases. Studies have also looked at saquinavir as a possible anti-cancer agent.
    		  
    • S6545 Sarafotoxin S6c ≥97% (HPLC) ETB agonist; toxin with strong vasoconstrictor activity
    		 human ... EDNRB(1910)
    mouse ... EDNRB(13618)
    rat ... EDNRB(50672)
    • S5451 Sarpogrelate hydrochloride ≥98% (HPLC) Sarapogrelate hydrochloride is a potent and selective 5-HT2A receptor antagonist. It exhibits analgesic effects in numerous animal studies.1
    		  
    • S3884   Sauvagine ≥97% (HPLC) A peptide related to CRF and urotensin 1 that was first isolated from the skin of the frog Phyllomedusa sauvagei. Potent releaser of ACTH and β-endorphin from the anterior pituitary.
    		  
    • S7067 SB 202190 ≥98% (HPLC) SB 202190 is a highly selective, potent and cell permeable inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase. SB 202190 binds within the ATP pocket of the active kinase (Kd = 38 nM, as measured in recombinant human p38), and selectively inhibits the p38α and β isoforms.
    		human ... MAPK14(1432)
    • S7076 SB 202190 monohydrochloride hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) SB 202190 is a highly selective, potent, and cell-permeable inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase.
    		  
    • S8307 SB 203580 solid, ≥98% (HPLC) SB 203580 is a pyridinyl imidazole that suppresses the activation of MAPKAP kinase-2 and inhibits the phosphorylation of heat shock protein (HSP) 27 in response to IL-1, cellular stresses and bacterial endotoxin in vivo. It does not inhibit JNK or p42 MAP kinase and therefore, is useful for studying the physiological roles and targets of p38 MAPK and MAPKAP kinase-2. It has been shown to induce the activation of the serine/threonine kinase Raf-1 and has been reported to inhibit cytokine production.
    		 human ... CYP1A2(1544), CYP2C19(1557), CYP2C9(1559), CYP2D6(1565), CYP3A4(1576), IL1B(3553), MAPK14(1432), MAPK8IP2(23542), RAF1(5894), TNF(7124)
    • S3313 SB-204070 hydrochloride solid, ≥97% (HPLC) Selective 5-HT4 serotonin receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... HTR4(3360)
    • S0693 SB 204741 >98% (HPLC) 5-HT2B serotonin receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... DRD2(1813), DRD3(1814), DRD5(1816), HTR1E(3354), HTR2A(3356), HTR2B(3357), HTR2C(3358)
    rat ... Adra1a(29412), Gabra2(29706), Htr1a(24473), Htr2b(29581), Htr3a(79246)
    • S180 SB-206553 hydrochloride hydrate ≥98% (HPLC), solid Potent 5-HT2B/5-HT2C serotonin receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... HTR2B(3357), HTR2C(3358)
    • S1068 SB-215505 solid, >98% (HPLC) Selective 5-HT2B serotonin receptor antagonist; 100-fold higher affinity at 2B versus 2C.
    		 human ... HTR2B(3357)
    • S3442 SB 216763 >98% (HPLC) Potent, selective, cell permeable glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor.
    SB 216763 is a potent and selective ATP-competitive inhibitor of the serine/threonine protein kinase glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) α and β isozymes.
    		 human ... GSK3A(2931), GSK3B(2932)
    • S9070 SB 220025 trihydrochloride ≥98% (HPLC), solid SB 220025 is a potent, specific inhibitor of human p38 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase, with an IC50 value of 60 nM and 50- to 1000-fold selectivity. SB 220025 reduces inflammatory cytokine production and inhibits angiogenesis. SB 220025 reduced the lipopolysaccharide-induced production of TNF at an ED50 value of 7.5 mg/kg. At 30 mg/kg, SB 220025 reduced the expression of TNF and inhibited angiogenesis by ~40%. In a further study, the effects of p38/CSBP MAP kinase inhibition in angiogenesis-dependent chronic inflammatory disease was tested in murine collagen-induced arthritis and SB 220025 was able to prevent the progression of established arthritis.
    		  
    • S5192 SB 222200 ≥98% (HPLC), solid Non-peptide NK3 tachykinin receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... TACR2(6865), TACR3(6870)
    • S0569 SB 239063 >98% (HPLC) Potent p38 MAP kinase inhibitor. Selective for α and β. No activity against γ and δ isoforms.
    		  
    • S8061 SB 242084 dihydrochloride hydrate ≥98% (HPLC), powder Selective 5-HT2c serotonin receptor antagonist; crosses the blood-brain barrier.
    		  
    • S1194 SB-258585 dihydrochloride ≥98% (HPLC), powder 5-HT6 serotonin receptor antagonist.
    		  
    • S7389 SB-269970 hydrochloride powder, ≥98% (HPLC) Selective 5-HT7 serotonin receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... HTR7(3363)
    • S5326 SB-271046A ≥98% (HPLC) The first potent and selective 5-HT6 antagonist. Training in cognitive tasks, as well as administration SB-271046, induces an increase in pERK1/2 and pCREB1 levels, while CREB2 levels are significantly reduced; cognition-enhancing properties of SB-271046 are attributed to the effect on pERK1/2, not pCREB1/2.1 SB-271046 reverses MK-801-induced, but not scopolamine-induced, learning impairments. However, with coadministration of galanthamine, both types of learning impairments were ameliorated.2
    		  
    • S4326 SB-277011-A hydrochloride hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) SB-277011-A is a potent, selective brain-penetrant D3 dopamine receptor antagonist; 80-100x selective for D3 over D2; pKi = 7.95 for hD3 receptor.
    		  
    • SML0201 SB 297006 ≥98% (HPLC) SB-297006 is a potent, selective CCR-3 antagonist (IC50 = 60 nM). The compound blocked CCR3 agonist-induced calcium mobilization in CCR3 expressing cells with the following IC50 values: eotaxin, 210 nM; eotaxin-2, 90 nM and MCP4, 80 nM.
    		 
    • SML0207 SB 328437 ≥98% (HPLC) SB-328437 is a potent, selective CCR-3 antagonist (IC50 = 1.6 nM). The compound blockes CCR3 agonist-induced calcium mobilization in CCR3 expressing cells with the following IC50 values: eotaxin, 38 nM; eotaxin-2, 35 nM and MCP4, 20 nM.
    		  
    • S0441 SB-366791 ≥98% (HPLC), powder Vanilloid receptor-1 (TRPV1) antagonist.
    		 human ... TRPV1(7442)
    • S2694 SB-408124 ≥98% (HPLC), solid SB 408124 is an OX1 orexin receptor antagonist.
    		  
    • S3567 SB 415286 ≥98% (HPLC) Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (GSK-3) inhibitor.
    		 human ... GSK3A(2931), GSK3B(2932)
    • S4696 SB-505124 hydrochloride hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) SB-505124 is an inhibitor of activin receptor-like kinase (ALK) 5, also known as transforming growth factor-α type I receptor kinase, with an IC50 of 47 ± 5 nM.
    		  
    • S8822 SB-525334 ≥98% (HPLC) SB-525334 is a potent activin receptor-like kinase (ALK5)/ type I TGFβ-receptor kinase inhibitor with IC50 = 14.3 nM.
    		  
    • S0946 SB-668875 ≥95% (HPLC), solid SB-668875 is a novel, selective peptide agonist at OX2 orexin receptors. SB-668875 possesses advantages over Orexins A and B which are equipotent at OX2 orexin receptors. The orexins can cause direct and reversible depolarisation of the postsynaptic membrane. The rank order of potencies of orexin receptor agonists to excite serotonergic DRN neurones is orexin-A = orexin-B > SB-668875-DM. In contrast, the rank order of potency of these agonists to excite noradrenergic locus coreleus (LC) neurones is orexin-A > orexin-B > SB-668875-DM.
    		 
    • SML0012 SBE 13 hydrochloride ≥98% (HPLC) SBE13 is a cell-permeable highly potent polo-like kinase (Plk1) inhibitor that targets the inactive conformation of the kinase. SBE13 does not effect the activity of Plk2, Plk3, Aurora A kinases.
    		 
    • S1148 SBFI-AM    
    • S3065 SC 19220 ≥98% (HPLC), solid EP1 Prostanoid receptor antagonist
    		 human ... PTGER1(5731)
    rat ... Ptger1(25637)
    • P7495 SC 22716 ≥98% (HPLC) Cell-permeable leukotriene A4 (LTA4) hydrolase inhibitor that suppresses LTB4 production. Implicated in the pathogenesis of a number of diseases including inflammatory bowel disease and psoriasis.
    		 human ... LTA4H(4048)
    • PZ0106 SC-236 ≥98% (HPLC) SC-236 is a cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor.
    		  
    • PZ0176 SC-26196 ≥98% (HPLC) SC-26196 is a Delta6 fatty acid desaturase (Delta6D) inhibitor. It specifically inhibited Delta6D activity with an IC(50) value of 100 nM. The rate-limiting step in arachidonic acid synthesis is the desaturation of dietary linoleic acid by Delta6D. SC-26196 completely prevented this conversion of linoleic acid to arachidonic acid.
    		  
    • PZ0138 SC-51089 hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) SC-51089 is a selective EP1 prostanoid receptor antagonist.
    		  
    • PZ0132 SC-51322 ≥98% (HPLC) SC-51322 is a selective EP1 prostanoid receptor antagonist.
    		  
    • S2064 SC-560 ≥98% (HPLC) Selective cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1) inhibitor, exhibiting 700-fold selectivity for COX-1 over COX-2.
    		 human ... PTGS1(5742), PTGS2(5743)
    • PZ0110 SC-57461A ≥98% (HPLC) SC-57461A is an inhibitor of leukotriene A4 hydrolase.
    		  
    • PZ0139 SC-58125 ≥98% (HPLC) SC-58125 is a selective cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) inhibitor.
    		  
    • SML0261 SC66 ≥98% (HPLC) SC66 is an allosteric inhibitor of Akt that prevents binding of PIP3 to the PH domain. The compound prevents activation of Akt by PIP3, and also facilitates ubiquination and degradation of Akt. SC66 inhibition is maintained against a cancer relevant Akt mutation (E17K) that is resistant to the actions of PIP3K inhibitors. SC66 is active in vivo, and significantly inhibits the ability of HEK293T cells to form colonies in soft agar and tumor growth in nude mice.
    		  
    • SRP3150   sCD23 human recombinant, expressed in E. coli, ≥96% (SDS-PAGE), ≥96% (HPLC), cell culture tested CD23, the low affinity receptor for IgE, belongs to the C-type lectin structural family and plays a role in the regulation of IgE synthesis and IgE mediated activities. Recombinant human sCD23 is a 19.2 kDa non-glycosylated protein containing 172 amino-acid residues.
    		 human ... FCER2(2208)
    • S4063 SCH-202676 hydrobromide 98% Allosteric agonist and antagonist of G-protein coupled receptors (GPCRs).
    		  
    • S4443 SCH-28080 ≥98% (HPLC), solid SCH-28080 is a potent inhibitor of gastric H+ and K+-ATPase. The novel antiulcer agents, SCH-28080 and SCH-32651 were examined for their ability to inhibit the H+K+ ATPase enzyme activity in a preparation of microsomal membranes from rabbit fundic mucosa. SCH- 28080 inhibited the isolated enzyme activity with a potency similar to omeprazole, IC50s of 2.5 and 4.0 μM respectively. SCH 32651 was less potent exhibiting an IC50 of 200.0 μM. Both compounds may therefore exert their antisecretory activity via a direct inhibition of the parietal cell H+K+ ATPase.
    		  
    • S6451 SCH-442416 ≥98% (HPLC) SCH-442416 potent and selective Adenosine A2a antagonist. SCH-442416 is >10,000-fold selective for A2a compared to other adensosine receptors.
    		  
    • S4568 SCH 58261 ≥98% (HPLC), solid A2A adenosine receptor antagonist.
    		  
    • SML0054 Schizandrin ≥98% (HPLC) Schizandrin is a natural product with several biological properties involved with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. It reduces the formation of ROS, inhibits the mitochondrial pathway of the apoptotic process and oxidative stress. Schizandrin has been reported to have hepatoprotective, antitumor, antiviral, and antiamnesic effects, and has neuroprotective activity against glutamate induced neurotoxicity.
    		  
    • S2500 Scopoletin ≥99% Dye that can be used to detect the release of reactive oxygen species during the oxidative burst; peroxynitrite scavenger; acetylcholinesterase inhibitor.
    Scopoletin significantly increases activity of lipoprotein lipase in adipocytes by promoting transcription of the LPL gene. It also partially reverses inhibition of LPL by TNF-α.
    		 human ... ACHE(43)
    • V1755   Scorpion venom from Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus Source of chlorotoxin, an intracellular blocker of low-conductance Cl- channels; and charybdotoxin, a blocker of voltage-sensitive Ca2+-activated K+ channels.
    		  
    • S7817 Scriptaid ≥95%, solid Histone deacetylase inhibitor with lower toxicity than trichostatin A; used to enhance protein expression.
    		  
    • SML0014   Scutellarin hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) Scutellarin is a flavonoid that exhibits a number of cardio- and neuro-protective effects. Scutellarin inhibits p38 activity, ERK phosphorylation, and TGF-β expression and fibrosis in a rat myocardial infarct model. In a cerebral ischemia-reperfusion model, the compound reduced infarct volume and neurological deficits by increasing eNOS expression while inhibiting the induction of iNOS.
    		  
    • S2321 Scyllatoxin recombinant, expressed in E. coli, ≥95% (HPLC), lyophilized powder Recombinant peptide of scyllatoxin, a 31 amino acid long toxin, originally isolated from the venom of the scorpion Leiurus quinquestriatus hebraeus; selective blocker of apamin-sensitive small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ channels (SK channels) with highest affinity towards Kca2.2.
    		  
    • S7071 SD-208 ≥98% (HPLC), powder SD-208 is TGF-βR I kinase inhibitor with IC50 =49 nM based on direct enzymatic assay of TGFRI kinase (ALK5) activity with a specificity of >100-fold against TGFRII and at least 17-fold over members of a panel of related protein kinases including p38a, p38b, p38d, JNK1, EGFR, MAPKAPK2, MKK6, ERK2, PKC, PKA, PKD, CDC2, and CaMKII.
    		 
    • S174 SDZ-205,557 hydrochloride solid Potent, selective 5-HT4 serotonin receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... HTR4(3360)
    • S2189 SE 175 ≥97% An organic nitrate compound that acts as an NO donor in vivo following reductive transformation of the nitrate group to nitric oxide.
    		 
    • S1378 Secobarbital sodium salt Sedative; hypnotic.
    		  
    • S3132 Seleno-L-methionine ≥98% (TLC), powder Selenomethionine displays antioxidant activity1 and has been shown to increase the activity of glutathione peroxidase in endothelial cells.2 Glutathione peroxidase protects cells from oxidative damage, such as DNA strand breaks, mutations and interference with protein tyrosine-based signaling and other protein functions due to formation of 3-nitrotyrosine, caused by excessive peroxynitrite.3,4 Selenomethionine administration to cancer cell lines (MCF-7/S breast carcinoma, DU-145 prostate cancer cells and UACC-375 melanoma) results in apoptotic cell death and aberrant mitosis. These human tumor cell lines exhibited dose-dependent growth inhibition by selenomethionine in the micromolar range (45 to 130 μM), while growth inhibition of normal fibroblasts required 1 mM selenomethionine.5
    		  
    • S0323 Sematilide monohydrochloride monohydrate ≥99% (HPLC), white solid Sematilide monohydrochloride monohydrate is a class III antiarrhythmic; selective delayed rectifier K+ current (IKr) channel blocker. It inhibits rapidly activating Ik in guinea pig atrial myocytes, resulting in the prolongation of action potential duration and refractoriness; shows proarrhythmic effects and may lead to QT interval prolongation.
    		  
    • M6680 Se-(Methyl)selenocysteine hydrochloride ≥95% (TLC) Se-(Methyl)selenocysteine is a chemopreventive agent that blocks cell cycle progression and proliferation of premalignant mammary lesions and induces apoptosis of cancer cell lines in culture.
    		  
    • S154 Sepiapterin solid Cofactor of nitric oxide synthase; intracellularly converted to tetrahydro-biopterin leading to the stimulation of nitric oxide.
    		 human ... NOS1(4842), NOS2(4843), NOS2B(201288), NOS2C(645740), NOS3(4846)
    • S9192 Ser-Leu-Ile-Gly-Lys-Val-amide ≥95% (HPLC), solid Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR2)-activating peptide.
    		 mouse ... Insrr(23920)
    • H7752 Serotonin creatinine sulfate monohydrate powder Neurotransmitter.
    		 human ... HTR3A(3359)
    • H9523 Serotonin hydrochloride powder Neurotransmitter.
    		 human ... HTR3A(3359)
    • H4511 Serotonin hydrogen maleate powder Neurotransmitter.
    		 human ... HTR3A(3359)
    • H7877 Serotonin hydrogenoxalate powder Neurotransmitter.
    		 human ... HTR3A(3359)
    • S8072 Sertindole ≥97.5% (HPLC) Sertindole is a 5-HT2 serotonin and D2 dopamine receptor antagonist and antipsychotic.
    		  
    • S6319 Sertraline hydrochloride ≥98% (HPLC) Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, antidepressant.
    		 human ... HTR1A(3350), HTR1B(3351), HTR1D(3352), HTR1E(3354), HTR1F(3355), HTR2A(3356), HTR2B(3357), HTR2C(3358), HTR3A(3359), HTR3B(9177), HTR3C(170572), HTR3D(200909), HTR3E(285242), HTR4(3360), HTR5A(3361), HTR5B(645694), HTR6(3362), HTR7(3363)
    • S9314 Sesamin ≥95%, crystalline Non-competitive Δ5-desaturase inhibitor.
    		  
    • 36795 Sethoxydim PESTANAL®, analytical standard   rat ... Acaca(60581)
    • 442779   Sevin (Carbaryl) analytical standard   rat ... Faah(29347)
    • S3944 SEW2871 ≥98% (HPLC), solid Novel, selective human sphingosine-1-phosphate subtype 1 (S1P1) receptor agonist.
    		 human ... S1PR1(1901), S1PR2(9294), S1PR3(1903), S1PR4(8698), S1PR5(53637)
    • S6701 SF-11 ≥98% (HPLC) SF-11 is a potent, selective NPY Y2 receptor antagonist; brain-penetrant.
    		  
    • S5076 SF-22 ≥98% (HPLC) SF-22 is a potent, selective NPY Y2 receptor antagonist; highly brain-penetrant
    		  
    • S5071 SFK1 ≥98% (HPLC), solid SFK1 interacts directly with yeast mitochodria. Induces cell death in low salt conditions and suppresses the ability of FK506 to inhibit cell growth in the presence of high levels of NaCl.
    		  
    • S1197   Sialorphin ≥98% (HPLC), powder Sialorphin is an analgesic and an exocrine and endocrine signaling mediator, predominantly synthesized in the submandibular gland and prostate of adult rats. Sialorphin prevents spinal and renal NEP from breaking down substance P and Met-enkephalin in vitro. It inhibits the breakdown of substance P with an IC50 of 0.4-1 μM and behaved as a competitive inhibitor; elicits potent antinociceptive responses in two behavioral rat models of injury-induced acute and tonic pain; and has a role in erectile function probably through a mechanism that involves relaxation of corporal smooth muscle tissue.
    		  
    • S9186 SIB 1757 ≥99% (HPLC), crystalline Highly selective mGluR5 metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... GRM1(2911), GRM5(2915)
    • S9311 SIB 1893 >99%, solid Selective and noncompetitive mGlu5 metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... GRM1(2911), GRM5(2915)
    • S9944 Sibutramine hydrochloride monohydrate ≥98% (HPLC), solid Sibutramine is a serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitor (SNRI). It is an antiobesity drug, which decreases calorie intake and increases energy expanditure. Sibutramine antagonizes MPTP-induced dopamine depletion in mouse brain.
    		  
    • S1323 SID7969543 ≥98% (HPLC), solid SID7969543 is a SF-1 (or NR5A1) inhibitor. The Steroidogenic Factor 1 (SF-1, also known as NR5A1) is a transcription factor belonging to the nuclear receptor superfamily. It plays a central role in sex determination and the formation of steroidogenic tissues during development, and is involved in endocrine function throughout life. It has also been reported to have a potential role in obesity. It has also been observed that an increased concentration of SF-1 causes adrenocortical cell proliferation and cancer.
    		 
    • 34373 Siduron PESTANAL®, analytical standard   human ... EPHX2(2053)
    mouse ... Ephx2(13850)
    • PZ0003 Sildenafil citrate salt ≥98% (HPLC) Sildenafil is a potent, selective inhibitor of cGMP specific phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5). Sildenafil is used to treat erectile dysfunction and pulmonary arterial hypertension. NO activates guanylate cyclase, which results in increased levels of cGMP, producing smooth muscle relaxation. Sildenafil enhances the effect of NO by inhibiting PDE5, which is responsible for degradation of cGMP.
    		  
    • S6196 Simvastatin ≥97% (HPLC), solid Simvastatin is a specific inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase, the enzyme that catalyzes the conversion of HMG-CoA to mevalonate, an early step in cholesterol biosynthesis. It is used in the treatment of hypercholesterolemia, as it reduces levels of low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides, and raises high-density lipoprotein levels. Simvastatin is a lactone that is readily hydrolyzed in vivo to the corresponding β-hydroxyacid, and can be activated prior to use with NaOH in EtOH treatment. It is a synthetic analog of lovastatin (Cat. No. M2147).
    Simvastatin, a synthetic analog of lovastatin, is a specific inhibitor of HMG-CoA reductase (3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-CoA reductase.) HMG-CoA is a major therapeutic target for reduction of low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. Simvastatin may also have beneficial effects on endothelial function, smooth muscle cell function, hemostasis, vascular wall function, LDL oxidation, and inflammation. Simvastatin can be activated prior to use by treatment with NaOH in EtOH.
    		 human ... HMGCR(3156)
    rat ... Hmgcr(25675)
    • S8559 Sinefungin 95% (HPLC), powder Sinefungin blocks the methylation of bases in DNA and RNA, such as 5-methylcytosine or N6-methyladenosine, suggesting a role in gene expression. In addition, sinefugin is involved in physiological processes such as aging and carcinogenesis.
    Sinefungin blocks the methylation of bases in DNA and RNA, such as 5-methylcytosine or N6-methyladenosine, suggesting a role in gene expression. In addition, sinefugin is involved in physiological processes such as aging and carcinogenesis.
    Methylation inhibition by sinefugin is often accompanied by an altered rate of cytosine deamination that is coupled to transition mutation in the DNA. Sinefugin inhibits Epstein-Barr viral activity and this inhibition is related to the change in DNA methylation and gene expression. It can cause a rate change in several restriction DNA endonuclease activities, including Mme I, which is not connected to the inhibition of the methytransferase activity.
    		  
    • S7942 Sirtinol ≥95% (NMR) Sirtinol inhibits yeast Sir2p transcriptional silencing activity in vivo, yeast Sir2p and human SIRT2 deacetylase activity in vitro.
    Sirtinol inhibits yeast Sir2p transcriptional silencing activity in vivo, yeast Sir2p, and human SIRT2 deacetylase activity in vitro.
    		 human ... SIRT1(23411), SIRT2(22933)
    • S0447 SIS3 ≥98% (HPLC), powder SIS3 is a novel specific inhibitor of TGF-β1/ALK-5 phosphorylation of Smad3
    		  
    • S5576 SKA-31 ≥98% (HPLC) SKA-31 is an activator of KCa2 and KCa3.1 calcium-activated potassium channels. Its EC50 is almost identical at 2-3 μM for all KCa2 subtypes, and about 10-fold lower (260 nM) at KCa3.1 channels. It has significant blood-pressure reducing activity in experimentally hypertensive mice,1 suggesting potassium channel activation as a therapeutic target for hypertension.
    SKA31 is an activator of KCa2 and KCa3.1 Potassium Channels, Potentiates the EDHF Response and Lowers Blood Pressure.
    		  
    • S2941 SKF-75670 hydrobromide >98% (HPLC), solid Atypical D1 dopamine receptor agonist. Displays antagonist activity in vitro and agonist activity in vivo.
    		 human ... DRD1(1812)
    • S2816 SKF-83959 hydrobromide ≥98% (HPLC), solid D1 dopamine receptor agonist. Displays antagonist activity in vitro and agonist activity in vivo.
    		 human ... DRD1(1812)
    • S0193 SKF-86002 ≥98% (HPLC), solid p38 MAP kinase inhibitor.
    		 human ... IL1B(3553), TNF(7124)
    rat ... Alox5(25290)
    • S1563 SKF-86466 hydrochloride solid, ≥98% (HPLC) Potent and selective α2 adrenoceptor antagonist.
    		 human ... ADRA2A(150), ADRA2B(151), ADRA2C(152)
    • S9066 SKF-89976A >98% (HPLC), solid GABA transporter type 1 (GAT-1) inhibitor that crosses the blood brain barrier.
    		 human ... SLC6A1(6529), SLC6A11(6538), SLC6A12(6539)
    rat ... Slc6a1(79212), Slc6a12(50676)
    • S5317 SKF-95282 dimaleate salt solid, >98% (HPLC) H2 Histamine receptor antagonist.
    		 human ... HRH2(3274)
    • S7809 SKF-96365 ≥98% (HPLC), solid SKF-96365 is a selective inhibitor of receptor-mediated Ca2+ entry and voltage-gated Ca2+ entry. In circular smooth muscle bundles isolated from the guinea-pig stomach antrum, the effects of quinidine, Ni2+, flufenamic acid, niflumic acid, La3+, SKF-96365 and 4′-diisothiocyanatostilbene-2,2′-disulphonic acid (DIDS) on acetylcholine (ACh)-induced depolarization were investigated. SKF-96365 (3-50 μM) depolarized the membrane in a concentration-dependent manner, but did not change the level of ACh-induced depolarization. These results provide evidence that ACh-induced depolarization is not inhibited by chemicals known to inhibit non-selective cation channels.
    		  
    • S5696 SKI II ≥98% (HPLC), solid Sphingosine kinase (SK) plays a pivotal role in regulating tumor growth and SK can act as an oncogene. Expression of SK RNA is significantly elevated in a variety of solid tumors, compared with normal tissue from the same patient. A number of novel inhibitors of human SK were identified, and several representative compounds were characterized in detail. These compounds demonstrated activity at sub- to micromolar concentrations, making them more potent than any other reported SK inhibitor, and were selective toward SK compared with a panel of human lipid and protein kinases. Kinetic studies revealed that the compounds were not competitive inhibitors of the ATP-binding site of SK. 4-[4-(4-chloro-phenyl)-thiazol-2-ylamino]-phenol (SKI-II) inhibitor is orally bioavailable, detected in the blood for at least 8 h, and showed a significant inhibition of tumor growth in mice with IC50 = 0.5 μM; SKI II does not act at ATP-binding site. Displays no inhibition of ERK2, PI 3-kinase, or PKCa at concentrations up to 60 μM.SKI II induces apoptosis and inhibits proliferation in several other tumor cell lines in vitro (IC50 = 0.9-4.6 μM).
    		  
    • S4069 SL327 ≥98% (HPLC), Mixture of E & Z isomers, solid SL327 is a selective MEK1/2inhibitor (IC50 values are 0.18 and 0.22 μM for MEK1 and MEK2 respectively), which blocks hippocampal LTP in vitro. SL327 is a brain penetrant in vivo blocking fear conditioning and learning in rats, and producing neuroprotection in mice following systemic administration.
    		  
    • S0944   Slotoxin recombinant, expressed in E. coli, >98% (HPLC), lyophilized powder Blocks Maxi K+ (BKCa or slo, KCNMA1) channels; differentially blocks channels formed by the α1 subunit alone and channels formed by the α1 combined with auxiliary β subunits. In Xenopus oocytes expressing hSlo (α1 alone), Kd was calculated to be 1.5 nM and the block is complete and reversible. In the additional co-expression of either the β1 or β4 subunits, the block become irreversible or causes the channel to be almost insensitive to the toxin, respectively. Originally isolated from Centruroides noxius scorpion venom.
    		  
    • S3445 SM-19712 hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) Nonpeptide, potent and selective endothelin converting enzyme inhibitor.
    		  
    • S8197 SMER28 >99% (HPLC), solid SMER28 is a small molecule modulator of mammalian autophagy; enhances A53T alpha-synuclein clearance in PC-12 cells independent of rapamycin treatment; appears to act independent of the mTOR pathway, but combined treatment with saturating rapamycin concentration enhances the effect of either compound alone on A53T alpha-synuclein clearance; autophagy inducers may prove useful in the treatment of neurodegenerative and infectious diseases and cancer.
    		  
    • S2812 SNC80 ≥98% (HPLC), solid SNC80 is a δ opioid receptor agonist.
    		 human ... OPRD1(4985)
    mouse ... Oprd1(18386)
    rat ... Oprd1(24613), Oprm1(25601)
    • S1818   SNX-482 synthetic >98% (HPLC), lyophilized powder Specifically blocks Cav2.3 (α1E, R-type) calcium channels in a voltage dependent manner.
    		  
    • S4692 Sobuzoxane ≥99% (HPLC), solid Sobuzoxane is a DNA topoisomerase II inhibitor that induces apoptosis.
    		 human ... TOP2A(7153), TOP2B(7155)
    • B5887 Sodium butyrate ≥98.5% (GC) Decreases Ca2+ release from intracellular stores. Inhibits histone deacetylase (HDAC). Induces apoptosis in several cell lines.
    		 mouse ... ENSMUSG00000061062(15181)
    • 19364 Sodium butyrate ≥99.0% (GC)    
    • 303410 Sodium butyrate 98%   mouse ... ENSMUSG00000061062(15181)
    • D3506 Sodium diethyldithiocarbamate trihydrate Inhibits induction of macrophage nitric oxide synthase.
    		  
    • 431451 Sodium nitroferricyanide(III) dihydrate    
    • 228710 Sodium nitroferricyanide(III) dihydrate ACS reagent, 99%    
    • S6508 Sodium orthovanadate ≥90% (titration) Inhibits ATPase, alkaline phosphatase and tyrosine phosphatase. Decavanadate, which is formed at acidic pH, inhibits inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced Ca2+ release from endocrine cells and blocks IP3 binding to its receptor in brain tissue.
    		  
    • 450243 Sodium orthovanadate 99.98% trace metals basis Inhibits ATPase, alkaline phosphatase and tyrosine phosphatase. Decavanadate, which is formed at acidic pH, inhibits inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3)-induced Ca2+ release from endocrine cells and blocks IP3 binding to its receptor in brain tissue.
    		  
    • P6801 Sodium phosphonoformate tribasic hexahydrate   human ... POLA1(5422), POLD1(5424), POLG(5428)
    rat ... Slc17a1(171080)
    • LO2220   Sodium/Potassium Channel Modulators Ligand Set ligand set for potassium/sodium channel modulators, exchangers, cotransporters, ionophores and ion pumps    
    • S9129 Somatostatin ≥97% (HPLC), powder   human ... SSTR1(6751), SSTR2(6752), SSTR3(6753), SSTR4(6754), SSTR5(6755)
    • S1763 Somatostatin powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture Somatostatin regulates the endocrine system and affects neurotransmission and cell proliferation via interaction with G protein-coupled somatostatin receptors and inhibition of the release of numerous secondary hormones.
    		 human ... SSTR1(6751), SSTR2(6752), SSTR3(6753), SSTR4(6754), SSTR5(6755)
    • S0885 Somatostatin powder, γ-irradiated, BioXtra, suitable for cell culture Somatostatin regulates endocrine function and cell proliferation via interaction with G-protein-coupled somatostatin receptors. It exists in two active forms produced by alternative cleavage of a single preproprotein (14 aa and 28 aa forms). Somatosatin inhibits the release of growth hormone; thyroid-stimulating hormone and a range of gastrointestinal hormones: Cholecystokinin (CCK); Enteroglucagon; Gastrin; Gastric inhibitory polypeptide (GIP); Motilin; Secretin; Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP).
    		 human ... SSTR1(6751), SSTR2(6752), SSTR3(6753), SSTR4(6754), SSTR5(6755)
    • S4776   Somatotropin from human pituitary recombinant, expressed in E. coli, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE), lyophilized powder Increases mass of most tissues by increasing cell number rather than cell size, mobilizes fat stores.
    		 human ... GH1(2688), GHR(2690)
    • S1442 Sordarin sodium salt from Sordaria araneosa, ≥98% (HPLC), solid Sordarin is an antifungal metabolite possessing a tetracyclic diterpene glycoside structure. It is a highly potent inhibitor of eukaryotic protein synthesis with selectivity for the fungal translation machinery. The elongation factor EF-2 is the molecular target for sordarin. It blocks ribosomal translocation by stabilizing the EF2-ribosome complex in a manner similar to that of fusidic acid in the bacterial system. Additional cellular components (including rpP0, which is an essential protein of the ribosomal large subunit stalk) are involved in its mechanism of action. Sordarin inhibits in vitro translation in the pathogenic fungi C. albicans, C. glabrata, and C. neoformans. In addition to its therapeutic potential, sordarin is a useful tool for the analysis of protein translation events.
    		  
    • S5567 SP600125 ≥98% (HPLC) A novel and selective inhibitor of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)
    		 human ... JUN(3725), MAPK10(5602), MAPK9(5601)
    • 56968 Sparfloxacin ≥98.0% (HPLC) Inhibits bacterial DNA gyrase (topoisomerase II) and/or topoisomerase IV. Used to modulate (inhibit) bacterial DNA gyrase-dependent processes such as DNA polymerization, (ATP-dependent) DNA supercoiling, and chromosome fragmentation.
    		 human ... KCNH1(3756), TOP2A(7153)
    • 33967 Sparfloxacin VETRANAL™, analytical standard   human ... KCNH1(3756), TOP2A(7153)
    • S1697 SPD304 ≥98% (HPLC), solid SPD304 is a small molecule inhibitor of TNF-a activity with a novel mechanism of action. It interferes with protein-protein interactions on the contact surfaces of the trimeric TNF-a subunits, displacing one of the trimer units, resulting in dissociation of the trimer and loss of activity at the receptor TNFR1. SPD304 inhibits TNFR1 receptor binding to TNF-a with an IC50 of 22μM in vitro and inhibits TNF-a-mediated stimulation of IkB degradation in HeLa cells with an IC50 of 4.6 μM.
    		 human ... TNF(7124)
    mouse ... TNF(21926)
    rat ... TNF(24835)
    • S0692   Spectinomycin Ready Made Solution, 100 mg/mL in DMSO/H2O, 1:1, 0.2 μm filtered Mode of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis (elongation) by interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation.
    Antimicrobial spectrum: Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Gonnococcus only).
    Mode of Resistance: Mutation in rpsE (the gene for ribosomal protein S5) prevents binding of spectinomycin.
    Spectinomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis (elongation) by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation. Resistance to spectinomycin is conferred by aminoglycoside-3′-adenyltransferase gene (aadA). It is effective against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Mutation in rpsE (the gene for ribosomal protein S5) prevents binding of spectinomycin.
    		  
    • S9007 Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate potency: ≥603 μg per mg Mode of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis (elongation) by interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation.
    Antimicrobial spectrum: Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Gonnococcus only).
    Mode of Resistance: Mutation in rpsE (the gene for ribosomal protein S5) prevents binding of spectinomycin.
    Spectinomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis (elongation) by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation. Resistance to spectinomycin is conferred by aminoglycoside-3′-adenyltransferase gene (aadA). It is effective against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Mutation in rpsE (the gene for ribosomal protein S5) prevents binding of spectinomycin.
    		  
    • S4014 Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate powder, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture Mode of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis (elongation) by interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation.
    Antimicrobial spectrum: Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Gonnococcus only).
    Mode of Resistance: Mutation in rpsE (the gene for ribosomal protein S5) prevents binding of spectinomycin.
    		  
    • S1317 Spectinomycin dihydrochloride pentahydrate Biotechnology Performance Certified, cell culture tested Mode of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis (elongation) by interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation.
    Antimicrobial spectrum: Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria (Gonnococcus only).
    Mode of Resistance: Mutation in rpsE (the gene for ribosomal protein S5) prevents binding of spectinomycin.
    Spectinomycin is a broad spectrum antibiotic that inhibits protein synthesis (elongation) by binding to the bacterial 30S ribosomal subunit and interfering with peptidyl tRNA translocation. Resistance to spectinomycin is conferred by aminoglycoside-3′-adenyltransferase gene (aadA). It is effective against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Mutation in rpsE (the gene for ribosomal protein S5) prevents binding of spectinomycin.
    		  
    • S0266 Spermidine BioReagent, for molecular biology, suitable for cell culture, ≥98% Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		 rat ... Ppm1a(24666)
    • S2626 Spermidine ≥99.0% (GC) Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		 rat ... Ppm1a(24666)
    • S4139 Spermidine suitable for cell culture, BioReagent Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    Spermidine together with putrescine and spermine compose a family of biogenic polyamines (polycations) that are required for the survival of the vast majority of living cells. Polyamines interact with negatively charged molecules such as proteoglycan, glycated proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Biogenic polyamines are found to modulate protein synthesis at different levels. This effect may be explained by the ability of polyamines to bind and influence the secondary structure of tRNA, mRNA, and rRNA. Spermine also helps stabilize nucleic acid helical structure and the conformation of glycated proteins such as the histones. Spermine and spermidine are components of various nucleic acid transfection protocols. Spermidine Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.

    Spermidine is biogenic polyamine formed from putrescine, a precursor of spermine. It was first detected in human sperm, but occurs widely in nature. It is essential in both normal and neoplastic tissue growth. Spermidine has a role in cell growth processes and the formation and interconversion of spermidine in mammalian cells has been reported. It has been studied in the regulation of tRNA methyltransferase activity and stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		 rat ... Ppm1a(24666)
    • 85558 Spermidine BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (GC) Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		 rat ... Ppm1a(24666)
    • 85561 Spermidine ≥99.0% (GC) Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		 rat ... Ppm1a(24666)
    • S2501 Spermidine trihydrochloride ≥98% (TLC) Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		 human ... NOS1(4842)
    • 85578 Spermidine trihydrochloride BioXtra, ≥99.5% (AT) Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		  
    • 85580 Spermidine trihydrochloride ≥99.0% (AT) Inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS). Binds and precipitates DNA; may be used for purification of DNA binding proteins. Stimulates T4 polynucleotide kinase activity.
    		  
    • 05292 Spermidine 0.1 M solution   mouse ... Odc1(18263)
    rat ... Ppm1a(24666)
    • S4264 Spermine amorphous semi-solid, BioReagent, suitable for cell culture Mixed NMDA glutamate receptor agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    Spermine together with putrescine and spermidine compose a family of polyamines (polycations) that are required for the growth and survival of the vast majority of living cells. Polyamines interact with negatively charged molecules such as proteoglycans, glycated proteins and nucleic acids (DNA and RNA). Biogenic polyamines are found to modulate protein synthesis at different levels. This effect may be explained by the ability of polyamines to bind and influence the secondary structure of tRNA, mRNA, and rRNA. Spermine also helps stabilize nucleic acid helical structure and the conformation of glycated proteins such as the histones. Spermine and spermidine are components of various nucleic acid transfection protocols.

    Mixed NMDA glutamate receptor agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		 human ... GRIN2B(2904)
    rat ... Grin2a(24409)
    • S3256 Spermine ≥97% Mixed NMDA glutamate receptor agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		 human ... GRIN2B(2904)
    rat ... Grin2a(24409)
    • 85590 Spermine ≥99.0% (GC) Mixed NMDA glutamate receptor agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		  
    • 85588 Spermine dihydrate BioUltra, ≥99.5% (GC) Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		 human ... GRIN2B(2904)
    rat ... Grin2a(24409)
    • S2876 Spermine tetrahydrochloride powder Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		 human ... GRIN1(2902)
    • S1141 Spermine tetrahydrochloride BioReagent, for molecular biology Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		  
    • 85605 Spermine tetrahydrochloride BioUltra, for molecular biology, ≥99.5% (AT) Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		  
    • 85610 Spermine tetrahydrochloride ≥99.0% (AT) Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Neuroprotective effects have been observed at high concentrations (1 mM), while neurotoxicity is observed at lower concentrations. It enhances agonist effectiveness at the strychnine-insensitive glycine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    Mixed NMDA agonist/antagonist at the polyamine site. Plays a role in cellular proliferation and differentiation; inhibits neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS).
    		  
    • S150 Spermine–Nitric oxide complex hydrate source of nitric oxide    
    • S2563   Sphingolipid Ceramide N-Deacylase from Pseudomonas sp. Hydrolyzes the N-acyl linkage between fatty acids and sphingosines in ceramides of various sphingolipids.
    		  
    • S0756   Sphingomyelin from chicken egg yolk, ≥95%    
    • S8633   Sphingomyelinase from Staphylococcus aureus buffered aqueous glycerol solution, 100-300 units/mg protein (Lowry) Initiates the formation of sphingomyelin-based second messengers. Activates MAPK (mitogen-activated protein kinase) and SAPKs (stress-activated protein kinases); generates ceramide from sphingomyelin.
    		  
    • S9666 Sphingosine 1-phosphate ≥95%, powder A lipid second messenger that binds to S1P1 and S1P3 receptors. Mobilizes intracellular Ca2+ stores and decreases cellular cAMP. Activates phospholipase D. S1P stimulates the migration of endothelial cells but inhibits the migration of other cell types. Induces angiogenesis.
    		human ... S1PR1(1901), S1PR2(9294), S1PR3(1903), S1PR4(8698), S1PR5(53637)
    • S4257 Sphingosylphosphorylcholine ≥98%, powder Mobilizes Ca2+ from intracellular stores via an IP3-independent pathway.
    		  
    • S7395 Spiperone solid Selective D2 dopamine receptor antagonist; α1B-adrenoceptor antagonist; mixed 5-HT2A/5-HT1 serotonin receptor antagonist; antipsychotic.
    		 human ... ADRA1B(147), DRD2(1813), DRD3(1814), HTR1A(3350), HTR1B(3351), HTR1D(3352), HTR1E(3354), HTR1F(3355), HTR2A(3356)
    rat ... Adra1a(29412), Adra1b(24173), Adra1d(29413), Adra2a(25083), Drd1a(24316), Drd2(24318), Drd3(29238), Htr1a(24473), Htr2a(29595), Htr2c(25187), Htr7(65032)
    • S3378 Spironolactone 97.0-103.0% Spironolactone is a competitive aldosterone receptor antagonist. Used as potassium sparing diuretic.
    		 human ... HSD17B1(3292), NR3C2(4306)
    rat ... Ar(24208)
    • S3319 sPLA2 inhibitor Orally active, potent secretory Phospholipase A2 (sPLA2; Group IIa) inhibitor.
    		  
    • S4068 Splitomicin ≥98% (HPLC), powder Sir2p (silent information regulator) and HDAC inhibitor.
    		  
    • SML0154 SPV-106 ≥98% (HPLC) SPV106 is a mixed inhibitor/activator of histone acetyltransferase (HAT) activity. The compound inhibits the activity of p300/CBP, but potentiates p300/CBP-associated factor (PCAF) activity. SPV106 also induces S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in U937 cells.
    		  
    • S153 SQ 22,536 ≥97% (HPLC), powder SQ 22,536 is a cell-permeable adenylyl cyclase inhibitor. IC50 = 20 μM in detergent-dispersed rat brain preparation.
    		 human ... ADCY1(107), ADCY2(108), ADCY3(109), ADCY4(196883), ADCY5(111), ADCY6(112), ADCY7(113), ADCY8(114), ADCY9(115)
    rat ... Adora1(29290), Adora2a(25369)
    • S4194 SR 12813 ≥98%, solid SR 12813 is a pregnane X receptor (PXR, NR 112) agonist; cholesterol lowering drug; HMGCoA reductase inhibitor.
    		  
    • SML0015 SR 142948A ≥98% (HPLC) SR 142948A is a non-peptide Neurotensin receptor antagonist
    		  
    • S1320 SR-202 ≥98% (HPLC), crystalline SR-202 is a selective PPARγ antagonist. Improves insulin sensitivity in diabetic mice.
    		  
    • SML0179 SR 27897 hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) SR 27897 is a potent, selective antagonist of the Cholecystokinin (CCK) receptor CCK1. SR-27897 blocks the elevation of leptin levels in the CNS following injection of CCK-8 peptide, and causes an increase in food intake in rats.
    		  
    • S5701 SR 49059 ≥97% (HPLC) SR 49059 is a potent and selective Arginine Vasopressin (AVP) V1a-receptor antagonist. AVP is a hormone that plays an important part in circulatory and water homoeostasis and is important in renal hemodynamic alterations, water retention, and cardiac remodeling in congestive heart failure (CHF). There are three AVP receptor subtypes V1a, V1b, and V2. All belong to the large rhodopsin-like G-protein-coupled receptor family. V(1a) antagonists improve water balance and cardiac hypertrophy in CHF and might be beneficial for the treatment of water retention and cardiac remodeling in CHF. SR 49059 has also shown initial positive results in the treatment of Raynaud′s disease, dysmenorrhoea, and tocolysis.
    		  
    • S1688 SR 57227A solid Potent and selective 5-HT3 serotonin receptor agonist.
    		 human ... HTR3A(3359), HTR3B(9177), HTR3C(170572), HTR3D(200909), HTR3E(285242)
    • S8688 SR 59230A ≥98% (HPLC), powder SR 59230A is a β3-adrenoceptor antagonist.
    		 human ... ADRB3(155)
    • S106 SR-95531 ≥98% (HPLC), powder SR-95531 is a specific GABAA receptor antagonist that does not affect GABA-transaminase or glutamate-decarboxylase activities.
    		 human ... GABRA1(2554), GABRA2(2555), GABRA3(2556), GABRA4(2557), GABRA5(2558), GABRA6(2559), GABRB1(2560), GABRB2(2561), GABRB3(2562)
    rat ... Gabra2(29706)
    • S0812   Staphylococcal Enterotoxin B Fragment (150-161) ≥97% (HPLC)    
    • S7947 Stattic ≥98% (HPLC), powder Stattic is an irreversible STAT3 activation inhibitor.
    		  
    • S2951 Stauprimide ≥98% (HPLC) Stauprimide is an enhancer stem cell differentiation into endoderm. In vitro differentiation of embryonic stem cells is of great interest to regenerative medicine, and current protocols are labor-intensive and expensive. Small molecules that induce or enhance differentiation are highly desired. High-content screening identified compounds that enhance endodermal differentiation in the presence of low levels of Activin A. Stauprimide increased definitive endodermal markers but not markers for visceral/parietal endoderm or mesoderm. Stauprimide-differentiated cells could be further differentiated into hepatocytes. Stauprimide treatment during differentiation decreased the concentration of Activin A required for definitive endoderm formation, and it eliminated the need for serum. The mechanism of action of stauprimide is to sensitize cells for differentiation. Stauprimide enabled differentiation into other cell lineages under varying differentiation conditions, including neurons, hematopoietic mesoderm, beating cardiac myocytes, and skeletal muscle. The cellular target of stauprimide was determined to be inhibition of NME2 transcription factor translocation to the nucleus, leading to down-regulation of c-Myc expression.
    		  
    • S4400 Staurosporine from Streptomyces sp. ≥95% (HPLC), film Partially reverses MDR, sensitizing cells with MDR phenotype to cytotoxic agents. Inhibits Pgp phosphorylation. However, functional significance of Pgp phosphorylation is ill defined.
    Potent inhibitor of phospholipid/calcium-dependent protein kinase. Inhibits the upregulation of VEGF expression in tumor cells.
    		  
    • S5921 Staurosporine from Streptomyces sp. for molecular biology, ≥95% (HPLC) Partially reverses MDR, sensitizing cells with MDR phenotype to cytotoxic agents. Inhibits Pgp phosphorylation. However, functional significance of Pgp phosphorylation is ill defined.
    Potent inhibitor of phospholipid/calcium-dependent protein kinase. Inhibits the upregulation of VEGF expression in tumor cells.
    		  
    • S6942   Staurosporine solution from Streptomyces sp. Ready Made Solution, 1 mM in DMSO (100 μg/214 μL), 0.2 μm filtered Potent cell-permeable inhibitor of protein kinase C. Induces apoptosis in Jurkat cells.
    Potent inhibitor of phospholipid/calcium-dependent protein kinase. Inhibits the upregulation of VEGF expression in tumor cells.
    		  
    • S3939 Staurosporine aglycone ≥95% K-252c is a PKC inhibitor active at submicromolar concentrations.
    		 human ... CDK2(1017)
    • S8439 Stearoyl ethanolamide ≥98%, crystalline Most abundant fatty acid ethanolamide produced by PLD hydrolysis of cell membrane phospholipids.
    		 rat ... Cnr1(25248)
    • H8664 Steviol hydrate ≥98% (HPLC), powder Steviol is an inhibitor of hOAT1 and hOAT3 organic anion transporters. Human organic anion transporter hOAT1 belongs to a superfamily of organic anion transporters, which play critical roles in the body disposition of clinically important drugs including anti-HIV therapeutics, anti-tumor drugs, antibiotics, anti-hypertensives, and anti-inflammatories. Steviol is a useful tool for studying renal drug clearance.
    		  
    • S3572 Stevioside hydrate from Stevia sp., ≥98% (HPLC), powder Stevioside is a noncaloric natural sweetener, 300 times more potent than sucrose. It inhibits transepithelial transport of p-aminohippurate (PAH) by interfering with the organic anion transport system. At 0.5-1 mM, it showed no interaction with any organic anion transporters (OAT).
    		  
    • S7448 STF-62247 ≥98% (HPLC), solid STF-62247 is a selective inducer of autophagy in VHL-deficient renal cell carcinoma cells.
    		  
    • S4297 Stigmastanol ≥95%    
    • S2424 Stigmasterol ~95%   human ... POLA1(5422), TOP2A(7153)
    rat ... Polb(29240)
    • 85860 Stigmasterol technical, ≥90% (GC)   human ... POLA1(5422), TOP2A(7153)
    rat ... Polb(29240)
    • 47132 Stigmasterol 10 mg/mL in chloroform, analytical standard   human ... POLA1(5422), TOP2A(7153)
    rat ... Polb(29240)
    • 139939 trans-Stilbene 96%   human ... ESR1(2099)
    rat ... Esr1(24890)
    • 262013 trans-4-Stilbenemethanol   human ... ESR1(2099)
    rat ... Esr1(24890)
    • S6826 Stiripentol ≥98% (HPLC) Anti-convulsant drug
    		  
    • S1318 STO-609-acetic acid ≥95% (HPLC), solid Selective Ca2+/Calmodulin-dependent protein kinase kinase (CaM-KK) antagonist. Inhibits CamKKa and CaMKKb with Ki = 80 and 15 ng/mL, respectively. Does not inhibit downstream CaM kinases (CaMKI and CaMKIV).
    		  
    • S1014 Streptonigrin from Streptomyces flocculus ≥98% Streptonigrin (SN) is an aminoquinone antitumour antibiotic. Its antineoplastic activity requires reductive activation by Xanthine-converting enzymes. It induces apoptosis by a mechanism involving NF-κB. DNA cleavage reaction and chromosome damage by SN are influenced by the nature of the metal ion present and dependent on the production of free radicals. Its antibiotic activity is iron-activated.
    		  
    • S0130 Streptozocin ≥75% α-anomer basis, ≥98% (HPLC), powder An N-nitroso-containing compound that acts as a nitric oxide donor in pancreatic islets; induces death of insulin-secreting cells, producing an animal model of diabetes. Potent DNA methylating agent that induces chromosomal breakage.1 Cytotoxic to neuroendocrine tumor cell lines that express the GLUT2 glucose transporter.
    		  
    • S0532 Strychnine Convulsant; glycine receptor antagonist not associated with the NMDA receptor.
    		  
    • S8753 Strychnine hydrochloride Convulsant; glycine receptor antagonist not associated with the NMDA receptor.
    		  
    • S9820 SU 11274 ≥98% (HPLC), powder SU 11274 is a Met tyrosine kinase inhibitor.
    		  
    • S8567 SU 4312 ≥98% (HPLC) SU 4312 is a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor protein tyrosine kinase 1/2 and platelet derived growth factor (PDGF) receptor inhibitor.
    		 human ... FLT1(2321)
    • S8442 SU 5416 ≥98% (HPLC) SU 5416 is a vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor protein tyrosine kinase 1/2 inhibitor.
    		 human ... EGFR(1956), FLT1(2321), IGFBP1(3484), IL2(3558), KDR(3791), PDGFRB(5159)
    mouse ... Flt1(14254), Kdr(16542)
    • S9692 SU 6656 ≥98% (HPLC), powder SU 6656 is a selective Src family kinase inhibitor.
    		 human ... SRC(6714)
    • S1693 SU 9516 ≥98% (HPLC), crystalline 3-substituted indoline cyclin-dependent kinase-2 (Cdk2) inhibitor. Induces apoptosis in colon carcinoma cells.
    		 human ... CDK2(1017), PDGFRB(5159), SRC(6714)
    • S3672 [Sar9, Met(O2)11]-Substance P ≥95% (HPLC) Highly selective NK-1 receptor agonist.
    		 human ... TACR1(6869)
    mouse ... TACR1(21336)
    rat ... TACR1(24807)
    • S8251 Succinylcholine chloride dihydrate 98.0-102.0%, solid Cholinergic antagonist which induces a long-lasting depolarization of the acetylcholine neuron membrane; neuromuscular blocking agent.
    		  
    • S9701 Sulbactam    
    • S8751 Sulfaguanidine Sulfaguanidine is a sulfonamide antibiotic. Sulfonamides block the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. Sulfonamides are competitive inhibitors of bacterial para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which is required for bacterial synthesis of folic acid1. Sulfaguanidine is a dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) inhibitor. Sulfonamides are active against Gram positive bacteria and Gram negative bacteria. Mode of resistance is via the alteration of dihydropteroate synthase or alternative pathway for folic acid synthesis.
    		 human ... F2(2147), PRSS1(5644)
    • S6256 Sulfamethazine ≥99% An antimicrobial sulfur drug. Induces CYP3A4 expression and acetylated by N-acetyltransferase. Exhibits sex dependent pharmacokinetics, metabolized by the male specific isoform CYP2C11.
    Sulfamethazine is an antimicrobial sulfur drug that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase. Sulfamethazine is a competitive inhibitor of bacterial para-aminobenzoic acid (PABA), which is required for bacterial synthesis of folic acid1. It induces CYP3A4 expression and is acetylated by N-acetyltransferase. It exhibits sex dependent pharmacokinetics, metabolized by the male specific isoform CYP2C11. Sulfamethazine is bacteriostatic.
    		  
    • 31737 Sulfamethoxazole VETRANAL™, analytical standard   rat ... Ednra(24326)
    • 481505 Sulfamic acid 99.999% trace metals basis   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760)
    • 383120 Sulfamic acid ACS reagent, 99.3%   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760)
    • 242772 Sulfamic acid ReagentPlus®, ≥99%   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760)
    • 242780 Sulfamic acid reagent grade, 98%   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760)
    • 07401 Sulfamic acid ≥99.5% (alkalimetric)   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760)
    • 86033 Sulfamide purum, ≥99.0% (N)   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760)
    • 211370 Sulfamide 99%   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760)
    • S9251 Sulfanilamide ≥99% Sulfonamide antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase.
    Mode of Action: A competitive inhibitor of dihydropteroate synthestase to block the synthesis of folic acid.
    Anti-microbial Spectrum: Gram positive, Gram negative, Chlamydia
    Mode of Resistance: Alteration of dihydropteroate synthase or alternative pathway for folic acid synthesis.
    		 human ... CA1(759), CA2(760), CA5A(763), CA5B(11238), CA9(768)
    mouse ... Car13(71934), Car5a(12352)
    • 46874 Sulfanilamide VETRANAL™, analytical standard   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760), CA5A(763), CA5B(11238), CA9(768)
    mouse ... Car13(71934), Car5a(12352)
    • 33626 Sulfanilamide puriss. p.a., ≥99% (calc. to the dried substance)   human ... CA1(759), CA2(760), CA5A(763), CA5B(11238), CA9(768)
    mouse ... Car13(71934), Car5a(12352)
    • S0758 Sulfaphenazole ≥98% Antibacterial. Specific inhibitor of CYP2C9. Blocks pro-inflammatory and atherogenic effects of linoleic acid (increase in oxidative stress and activation of AP-1) mediated by CYP2C9. Specific inhibitor of CYP2C9. Blocks pro-inflammatory and atherogenic effects of linoleic acid (increase in oxidative stress and activation of AP-1) mediated by CYP2C9. Inhibits bradykinin-induced tPA release.
    		 human ... CYP2C18(1562), CYP2C19(1557), CYP2C9(1559)
    • UC166 Sulfaphenazole ≥98% (HPLC) Antibacterial. Specific inhibitor of CYP2C9. Blocks pro-inflammatory and atherogenic effects of linoleic acid (increase in oxidative stress and activation of AP-1) mediated by CYP2C9. Specific inhibitor of CYP2C9. Blocks pro-inflammatory and atherogenic effects of linoleic acid (increase in oxidative stress and activation of AP-1) mediated by CYP2C9. Inhibits bradykinin-induced tPA release.
    		 human ... CYP2C18(1562), CYP2C19(1557), CYP2C9(1559)
    • S9876 Sulfathiazole ≥98.0% Sulfonamide antibiotic that blocks the synthesis of dihydrofolic acid by inhibiting the enzyme dihydropteroate synthase.
    Mode of Action: Inhibits folic acid synthesis in prokaryotes.
    Anti-microbial Spectrum: Gram positive, Gram negative, Chlamydia
    Mode of Resistance: Alteration of dihydropteroate synthase or alternative pathway for folic acid synthesis.
    		  
    • 46902 Sulfathiazole VETRANAL™, analytical standard   rat ... Ednra(24326)
    • S1006   Sulfatides from bovine brain    
    • S6377 Sulfisoxazole ≥99.0% Selective ETA antagonist.
    		 rat ... Ednra(24326)
    • 31739 Sulfisoxazole VETRANAL™, analytical standard   rat ... Ednra(24326)
    • S8139 Sulindac ≥98.0% Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory; preferential inhibitor of COX-1.
    		 human ... ALB(213), PTGS2(5743)
    • S4429 Sulindac meets USP testing specifications Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory; preferential inhibitor of COX-1.
    		 human ... ALB(213)
    • S3131 Sulindac sulfide ≥98% (HPLC), solid Sulindac sulfide is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory compound with a preference for COX-1; it is an inhibitor of Ras activation of Raf-1. It impairs nucleotide exchange on Ras by CDC25 and accelerates Ras hydrolysis of GTP by p120GAP. It is an active metabolite of sulindac. It is also shown to inhibit growth and induce apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells through a COX-1 and COX-2 independent mechanism.
    		  
    • S1438   Sulindac sulfone ≥97% (TLC), (solid or powder) Metabolite of sulindac that inhibits cell growth by inducing apoptosis independently of cyclooxygenase inhibition. Inhibits the development and induces regression of premalignant adenomatous polyps.
    		  
    • S8692 Sulprostone ≥95% (HPLC), oil Selective EP3 prostanoid receptor agonist.
    		  
    • S3321 SUN B8155 ≥97% (HPLC), solid SUN B8155 is a nonpeptide calcitonin receptor agonist.
    		  
    • PZ0012 Sunitinib malate ≥98% (HPLC) Sunitinib malate is a receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which targets VEGF-R1, VEGF-R2, VEGF-R3, PDGF-Rα, PDGF-Rβ, KIT, FLT3, CSF-1R, and RET. Sunitinib malate is an anticancer drug.
    		  
    • S3322 Supercinnamaldehyde ≥98% (HPLC), solid Supercinnamaldehyde is a transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) activator; EC50 = 0.8 μM; derivative of cinnamaldehyde; covalently binds to and activates TRPA1 receptor (expressed in nociceptive neurons) by modifying its cysteine residues. Covalent modification of reactive cysteines within TRPA1 can cause channel activation, rapidly signaling potential tissue damage through the pain pathway.
    		  
    • S4701 Suplatast tosylate ≥98% (HPLC) Suplatast tosylate is an anti-allergy, cytokine modulator.
    		  
    • S6321 Suptopin-2 ≥98% (HPLC), solid Sutopin-2 is a suppressor of topoisomerase II inhibition. Reverses cell cycle arrest; bypass of checkpoint function. Has inherent fluorescence and a distinct advantage in identification of molecule targets; effective concentraion in the μM range.
    		  
    • S2671 Suramin sodium salt ≥95% Suramin is a polysulfonated naphthylurea anticancer agent that inhibits tumor cell proliferation. It inhibits the activity of topoisomerase II by blocking the binding of the enzyme to DNA. It′s antiangiogenic activity may be related to its ability to bind to and inhibit the activity of several growth factors, including FGFa, FGFb, and PGDF. It uncouples G-proteins from receptors. It is an broad spectrum antagonist at P2X and P2Y purinergic receptors. Suramin has well documented antiprotozoal and anthelmintic activity.
    		 human ... EGF(1950), P2RX1(5023), P2RY1(5028), PDGFA(5154), PLD1(5337)
    • S6951 Surfen hydrate ≥98% (HPLC) Surfen is a heparan sulfate antagonist, originally developed in the late thirties as an excipient for the production of depot insulin. Heparan sulfate (HS) is structurally related to heparin but contains fewer sulfate groups per disaccharide, and it exists almost exclusively attached to protein cores of proteoglycans, which cells either display on the plasma membrane or secrete into the extracellular matrix. Surfen binds to the chains of glycosaminoglycan (GAG)/HS and prevents binding of the enzymes and proteins thus act as HS antagonist. Surfen is more potent than protamine, a clinically used heparin antagonist.
    		  
    • S5951 SW02 SW02 is a specific activator/agonist of Hsp70. Hsp70 is of particular interest in diseases caused by protein misfolding, such as tau and Aβ in Alzheimer′s. SW02 increases Hsp70 ATPase activity, resulting in increased tau protein but not other disease-related proteins in cells. Hsp70 prevents aggregation of Aβ peptide, as shown by treatment with SW02.
    		  
    • S9810 Swinholide A from Theonella swinhoei ≥80% (HPLC)    
    • S5826 SYUIQ-5 ≥98% (HPLC) SYUIQ-5 is a Cryptolepine derivative, which induces and stabilizes G-quadruplexes. In CNE2 and HeLa cancer cells SYUIQ-5 triggers rapid and potent telomere DNA damage through TRF2 delocalization from telomeres and induces cell death by autophagy. In low concentration the compound caused senescence and telomere shortening. It is a potent cytotoxic agent.
    		  
    • SML0181 S 17092 ≥98% (HPLC) S-17092 is a potent, selective inhibitor of Prolyl oligopeptidase (POP), also known as prolyl endopeptidase (PEP or PE). Ki=1.5 nM. Nootropic.

    S-17092 inhibition of POP prevents breakdown and thus increases the activity of a number of neuropeptides, which is likely the basis for its nootropic activity. S 17092 has been shown to improve cognition. It improved cognitive task performance in chronic low dose MPTP-treated monkeys. S-17092 was recently used to inhibit the formation of AcSDKP from its precursor 43-mer thymosin ?4 (T?4). Ac-SDKP is involved in hemopoietic stem cell differentiation, is pro-angiogenic and antifibrogenic.
    		  
    • S9317 PAR-2 (1-6) amide (mouse, rat) trifluoroacetate salt ≥97% (HPLC) Selective proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR2) peptide agonist.
    		  
    • PZ0113 PD173952 ≥98% (HPLC) PD173952 is a Src family kinase inhibitor.
    		  
    • S159