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Custom DNA Oligos
Modifications
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Sigma offers over 200 modifications for both DNA and RNA oligonucleotides and probes. Sigma can attach fluorescent dyes to oligos at the 5'-end, 3'-end and internal positions. Our product offering includes common dye modifiers such as 6-FAM™, HEX™, and TET™, as well as exotic modifications. We are a licensed supplier of modifications from Molecular Probes, Inc., Biosearch Technologies, and PHRI, City of New York.
In addition to standard fluorescent modifications, we have the capabilities to provide dual-labeled probes including Molecular Beacons, LightCycler® Probes, and Scorpions™ Probes.
Modification Categories
| Fluorescent |
Positions |
Excitation
Maximum (nm) |
Emission
Maximum (nm) |
Fluorescent Color |
|---|
| 5-FAM™ (fluorescein) |
5' End |
494 |
520 |
Green |
| 6-FAM™ (fluorescein) |
5' End, 3' End |
494 |
515 |
Green |
| 6-ROX™ |
5' End, 3' End |
575 |
602 |
Orange |
| Cy3 |
5' End, 3' End |
550 |
570 |
Green-Yellow |
| Cy5 |
5' End, 3' End |
651 |
674 |
Red |
| Cy5.5 |
5' End |
675 |
694 |
Red |
| Fluorescein dT (FAM dT) |
5' End, Internal |
494 |
522 |
Green |
| HEX™ |
5' End |
535 |
555 |
Green |
| JOE™ |
5' End, 3' End |
520 |
548 |
Green |
| 6-Carboxy-rhodamine 6G™ |
5' End, 3' End |
524 |
550 |
Green |
| 5-ROX™ |
5' End, 3' End |
573 |
602 |
Orange |
| 6-TAMRA™ |
3' End |
540 |
564 |
Green-Yellow |
| 6-TAMRA™ NHS Ester |
5' End |
555 |
576 |
Yellow |
| TET™ |
5' End |
521 |
536 |
Green |
| Bodipy® 493/503 |
5' End, 3' End |
500 |
509 |
Green |
| Bodipy® 530/550 |
5' End, 3' End |
534 |
551 |
Green |
| Bodipy® 558/568 |
5' End, 3' End |
559 |
568 |
Green-Yellow |
| Bodipy® 564/570 |
5' End, 3' End |
563 |
569 |
Yellow |
| Bodipy® 576/589 |
5' End, 3' End |
575 |
588 |
Yellow-Orange |
| Bodipy® 581/591 |
5' End, 3' End |
581 |
591 |
Yellow-Orange |
| Bodipy® 630/650-X |
5' End, 3' End |
625 |
640 |
Red |
| Bodipy® 650/665-X |
5' End, 3' End |
646 |
660 |
Red |
| Bodipy® FL C5 |
5' End, 3' End |
505 |
511 |
Green |
| Bodipy® FL |
5' End, 3' End |
505 |
511 |
Green |
| Bodipy® R6G |
5' End, 3' End |
528 |
547 |
Green |
| Bodipy® TMR-X |
5' End, 3' End |
544 |
570 |
Green-Yellow |
| Bodipy® TR-X |
5' End, 3' End |
588 |
616 |
Orange-Red |
| Oregon Green® 488 |
5' End, 3' End |
495 |
521 |
Green |
| Oregon Green® 488-X |
5' End, 3' End |
494 |
517 |
Green |
| Oregon Green® 514 |
5' End, 3' End |
506 |
526 |
Green |
| Pacific Blue® |
5' End, 3' End |
416 |
451 |
Violet-Blue |
| Rhodamine Green™ CR 110 |
5' End, 3' End |
504 |
532 |
Green |
| Rhodamine Green™ X |
5' End, 3' End |
503 |
528 |
Green |
| Rhodamine Red™-X |
5' End, 3' End |
560 |
580 |
Yellow-Orange |
| Texas Red®- X |
5' End, 3' End |
583 |
603 |
Red-Orange |
| Alexa Fluor® 488 |
5' End, 3' End |
495 |
519 |
Green |
| Alexa Fluor® 546 |
5' End, 3' End |
554 |
570 |
Green-Yellow |
| Alexa Fluor® 647 |
5' End, 3' End |
651 |
672 |
Red |
| Alex Fluor® 680 |
5' End, 3' End |
684 |
707 |
Red |
| WellRED D2-PA |
5' End |
750 |
770 |
Red-Infrared |
| WellRED D3-PA |
5' End |
685 |
706 |
Red |
| WellRED D4-PA |
5' End |
650 |
670 |
Red |
| Attachment |
Positions |
Purifications |
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| Amine |
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| DMS(O)MT-Amino-Modifier-C6 |
5' End |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| Amino-Modifier-C3-TFA |
5' End |
Desalt, HPLC |
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| Amino-Modifier-C12 |
5' End |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| Amino-Modifier-C6-TFA |
5' End |
Desalt, PAGE |
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| Amino-dT |
5' End |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| Amino-Modifier-5 |
5' End |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| Amino-Modifier-C2-dT |
Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Amino-Modifier-C6-dT |
Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 3'-Amino-Modifier-C7 |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Glycerol |
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| Glyceryl |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Phosphate |
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| Phosphate |
3', 5' End |
Desalt, PAGE (5')
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE (3') |
Phosphate II
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5' End |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| Thiol |
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| 5'-Thiol-Modifier C6 S-S |
5' End, Internal |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| 3'-Thiol-Modifier-C3 S-S |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Binding |
Positions |
Purifications |
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| Biotin |
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| 5'-Biotin |
5' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Biotin |
Internal |
HPLC, PAGE |
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| Biotin-dT |
5' End, Internal |
HPLC, PAGE |
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| Biotin-TEG |
5' End, Internal |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| 3'-Biotin-TEG |
3' End |
HPLC, PAGE |
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| Digoxigenin |
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| Digoxigenin |
5' End, 3' End
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HPLC |
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| Dinitrophenol |
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| 2,4-Dinitrophenyl-TEG |
5' End, Internal |
HPLC |
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| Spacer |
Positions |
Purifications |
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| Spacer |
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| Spacer 9 |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Spacer 12 |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Spacer 18 |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Spacer C3 |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 3'-Spacer-C3 |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Analog |
Positions |
Purifications |
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|---|
| Chain Terminating |
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| 3'-dA |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 3'-dG |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 3'-dC |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 3'-dT |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Chemotherapeutic |
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| Cytosine Arabinoside (araC) |
Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 2',3'-dideoxycytidine (ddC) |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Contamination Prevention |
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| Ribo U |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Crosslinking |
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| 8-Br-dA |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 8-Br-dG |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-Br-dC |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-Br-dU |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-F-dU |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-I-dC |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-I-dU |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 2-Thio-dT |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 4-Thio-dT |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 6-Thio-dG |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Damage and Repair |
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| 2'-Deoxypseudouridine |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5,6-Dihydro-dT |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5,6-Dihydro-dU |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-OH-dC |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-OH-dU |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 8-Oxo-dA |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 8-Oxo-dG |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Thymidine Glycol |
5' End, Internal |
PAGE |
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| TMP-F-dU, F-dC |
Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dUracil |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Degenerate |
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| 2'-Deoxynebularine |
5' End, Internal |
Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Derivative K (dK) |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Derivative P (dP) |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Inosine |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-Nitroindole |
5' End, Internal,
5' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 3-Nitropyrrole |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt (Internal only), Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
| Duplex Stabilizing |
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| 2,6-Diaminopurine |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 5-Me-dC |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Fluorescent |
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| 2-Aminopurine |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Etheno-dA |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Methylation Mutagenesis |
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| N6-Me-dA |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| O6-Me-dG |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| O4-Me-dT |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| No Base |
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| dSpacer |
Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| siRNA Guide Strand Selection |
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| 5'-OMe-dT |
5' End |
Desalt, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Structure and Function |
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| 7-Deaza-dA |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 7-Deaza-dG |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 7-Deaza-dX |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 7-Deaza-8-Aza-dA |
5' End, Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dA-5' (Inverse Oligo) |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dG-5' (Inverse Oligo) |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dC-5' (Inverse Oligo) |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dT-5' (Inverse Oligo) |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Translation Termination |
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| Puromycin |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Intercalation |
Positions |
Purifications |
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| Acridine |
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| Acridine |
Internal |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Psoralen |
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| C2 |
5' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| C6 |
5' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Antisense |
Positions |
Purifications |
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| Cholesterol |
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| Cholesteryl-TEG |
5' End, Internal |
Cartridge, HPLC |
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| 3'-Cholesteryl-TEG |
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Methyl RNA |
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| 2'-OMe-RNA A |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 2'-OMe-RNA G |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 2'-OMe-RNA C |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| 2'-OMe-RNA U |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| Thiophosphate |
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| Thiophosphate (S-Oligo) |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge (5' End, Internal)
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE (3' End) |
| 2' → 5' Synthesis |
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| dA-5' |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dG-5' |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dC-5' |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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| dT-5' |
5' End, Internal,
3' End |
Desalt, Cartridge, HPLC, PAGE |
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Phosphorothioates
Phosphorothioates (or S-oligos) are a variant of normal DNA in which one of the non-bridging oxygens is replaced by sulfur. The sulfurization of the internucleotide bond creates a molecule that is resistant to cellular nuclease degradation. Sulfur bonds can be introduced at the 5’, 3’, or internal positions.
Minimum Yield Guarantees
| Modified Oligos (O.D./µg)* |
|---|
| Scale (µmole) |
Desalt |
Cartridge |
HPLC |
PAGE |
|---|
| 0.05 |
2/60 |
0.4/12 |
0.4/12 |
0.2/6 |
| 0.2 |
5/150 |
1/30 |
1/30 |
0.4/12 |
| 1.0 |
16/480 |
5/150 |
5/150 |
2/60 |
| 10 |
160/4,800 |
NA |
52/1,560 |
NA |
| 15 |
240/7,200 |
NA |
76/2,280 |
NA |
* Guarantee is for 20 mers or longer. Shorter oligos may have fewer ODs. Note: Post-synthesis modifications may yield 50% less than the above stated values. Phosphorothioated yields are 70% of the above stated guarantees.
| Non-Modified Phosphorothioates (S-Oligos) (O.D./µg )* |
|---|
| Scale (µmole) |
Desalt |
Cartridge |
HPLC |
PAGE |
|---|
| 0.05 |
3.5/105 |
0.7/21 |
0.7/21 |
0.35/10.5 |
| 0.2 |
8.4/252 |
2.1/63 |
1.75/52.5 |
0.7/21 |
| 1.0 |
28/840 |
8.4/252 |
9.1/273 |
3.5/105 |
| 10 |
280/8,400 |
NA |
91/2,730 |
NA |
| 15 |
420/12,600 |
NA |
133/3,990 |
NA |
* Guarantee is for 20 mers or longer. Shorter oligos may have fewer ODs.
Shipping Schedule
| Scale (µmole) |
Desalt |
Cartridge |
HPLC |
PAGE |
|---|
| Standard Modifications |
3-5 days |
3-5 days |
5-7 days or less
|
5-7 days or less |
| Post-Synthesis Modifications |
NA
|
NA |
5-10 days or less |
NA |
Alexa Fluor®, BODIPY®, Oregon Green®, Pacific Blue®, Rhodamine Green®, Rhodamine Red®, and Texas Red® are registered trademarks of Molecular Probes, Inc. FAM™, HEX™, JOE™, TAMRA™, ROX™ and TET™ are trademarks of Applera Corporation or its subsidiaries in the U.S. and certain other countries. Sigma is licensed by Beckman Coulter, Inc., to supply WellRED oligos designed for use with the CEQ Genetic Analysis Systems. Molecular Beacons are sold under license from PHRI City of New York, Inc. LightCycler® is a registered trademark of the Roche Group. LightCycler Dyes are sold under license from Roche Diagnostics GmbH. Scorpions probes are licensed from DxS Ltd.
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