Abuta (Cissampelos pareira)

Pharmacology:

• Constituents: Bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids are the main active components of abuta and consist of grisabine and grisabutine², panurensine and norpanurensine³, krukovine and limacine¹, peinamine, 7-O-demethylpeinamine, N-methyl,7-O-demethylpeinamine, macolidine and macoline⁴.
• Protoberberine alkaloids have been found in the roots of the Cissampelos pareira Linn.⁵
• Another important alkaloid of the C. pareira is hayatinin methochloride which possesses curariform activity.^6,7,8
• The cytotoxic alkaloid, cissampareine, has been reported to possess anti-tumor activity.⁹
• The tropoloisoquinoline alkaloids, pareirubrines A and B, from C. pareira have been reported to possess the anti-leukemic action.¹⁰
• Cissampeloflavone, a chalcone-flavone dimer from the aerial parts of the C. pareira L. (Menispermaceae), has been reported to have activity against Trypanosoma cruzi and T. brucei rhodesiense and to have low toxicity to the human KB cell line.¹¹

Pharmacodynamics/Kinetics:

• Insufficient available evidence.

1. Steele, J. C., Simmonds, M. S., Veitch, N. C., and Warhurst, D. C. Evaluation of the anti-plasmodial activity of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Abuta grandifolia. Planta Med 1999;65(5):413-416. 10418326
2. Ahmad, R. and Cava, M. P. Grisabine and grisabutine, new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Abuta grisebachii. J Org.Chem. 6-24-1977;42(13):2271-2273. 874607
3. Cava, M. P., Saa, J. M., Lakshmikantham, M. V., and Mitchell, M. J. Panurensine and norpanurensine, new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Abuta panurensis. J Org Chem  9-5-1975;40(18):2647-2649. 1159565
4. Galeffi, C., Scarpetti, P., and Marini-Bettolo, G. B. New curare alkaloids. II. New bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids from Abuta grisebachii (Menispermaceae). Farmaco [Sci] 1977;32(12):853-865. 590494
5. Anwer, F., Popli, S. P., Srivastava, R. M., and Khare, M. P. Studies in medicinal plants. 3. Protoberberine alkaloids from the roots of Cissampelos pareira Linn. Experientia 10-15-1968;24(10):999. 5711898
6. Basu, D. K. Studies on curariform activity of hayatinin methochloride, an alkaloid of Cissampelos pareira. Jpn J Pharmacol  1970;20(2):246-252. 4247912
7. Bhatnagar, A. K. and Popli, S. P. Chemical examination of the roots of Cissampelos pareira Linn. V. Structure and stereochemistry of hayatidin. Experientia 4-15-1967;23(4):242-243. 6055915
8. SUR, R. N. and PRADHAN, S. N. STUDIES ON CISSAMPELOS ALKALOIDS. I. ACTION OF HAYATIN DERIVATIVES ON THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM OF CATS AND DOGS. Arch Int Pharmacodyn Ther  11-1-1964;152:106-114. 14248337
9. Kupchan, S. M., Patel, A. C., and Fujita, E. Tumor inhibitors. VI. Cissampareine, new cytotoxic alkaloid from Cissampelos pareira. Cytotoxicity of bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloids. J Pharm Sci  1965;54(4):580-583. 5842344
10. Morita, H., Matsumoto, K., Takeya, K., Itokawa, H., and Iitaka, Y. Structures and solid state tautomeric forms of two novel antileukemic tropoloisoquinoline alkaloids, pareirubrines A and B, from Cissampelos pareira. Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 1993;41(8):1418-1422. 8403090
11. Ramirez, I., Carabot, A., Melendez, P., Carmona, J., Jimenez, M., Patel, A. V., Crabb, T. A., Blunden, G., Cary, P. D., Croft, S. L., and Costa, M. Cissampeloflavone, a chalcone-flavone dimer from Cissampelos pareira. Phytochemistry 2003;64(2):645-647. 12943789t

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