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Ross M Tanis et al.
Biochimica et biophysica acta, 1853(1), 213-221 (2014-12-03)
While the 3T3-L1 adipocyte model is routinely used for the study of obesity and diabetes, the mitochondrial respiratory profile in normal versus high glucose has not been examined in detail. We matured adipocytes in normal (5mM) or high (30 mM)
Mark-Steven Steiner et al.
Chemical Society reviews, 40(9), 4805-4839 (2011-06-16)
This critical review covers the present state of the art in optical sensing of glucose. Following an introduction into the significance of (continuous) sensing of glucose and a brief look back, we discuss methods based on (a) monitoring the optical
Laia Chavarria et al.
NMR in biomedicine, 28(1), 17-23 (2014-10-11)
Intracranial hypertension is a severe complication of acute liver failure (ALF) secondary to brain edema. The pathogenesis of cerebral edema in ALF is not clear, but seems to be related to energy metabolism in which lactate may have an important
Desiree DeMille et al.
IUBMB life, 65(11), 921-929 (2013-11-23)
Per-Arnt-Sim (PAS) kinase (PASK, PASKIN, and PSK) is a member of the group of nutrient sensing protein kinases. These protein kinases sense the energy or nutrient status of the cell and regulate cellular metabolism appropriately. PAS kinase responds to glucose
I L Valuev et al.
Prikladnaia biokhimiia i mikrobiologiia, 49(3), 319-321 (2013-07-26)
The thromboresistance of glucose-sensitive polymer hydrogels, modeling one of the functions of the pancreas, namely, the ability to secrete insulin in response to the introduction of glucose into the environment, has been studied. Hydrogels were synthesized by the copolymerization of
Rudy J Valentine et al.
Archives of biochemistry and biophysics, 562, 62-69 (2014-08-31)
Recent studies have highlighted the importance of an inhibitory phosphorylation site, Ser(485/491), on the α-subunit of AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK); however, little is known about the regulation of this site in liver and skeletal muscle. We examined whether the inhibitory
Tomoe Kanbara et al.
Neuroscience letters, 580, 119-124 (2014-08-17)
It has begun to be understood that μ-opioid receptor (MOR) produces ligand-biased agonism, which contributes to differential physiological functions of MOR agonists. We previously demonstrated that in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy in rats, morphine and oxycodone exhibited antinociceptive effects while antinociception of
Alejo Efeyan et al.
Nature, 517(7534), 302-310 (2015-01-17)
The ability to sense and respond to fluctuations in environmental nutrient levels is a requisite for life. Nutrient scarcity is a selective pressure that has shaped the evolution of most cellular processes. Different pathways that detect intracellular and extracellular levels
Deborah M Muoio
Cell, 159(6), 1253-1262 (2014-12-07)
Normal energy metabolism is characterized by periodic shifts in glucose and fat oxidation, as the mitochondrial machinery responsible for carbon combustion switches freely between alternative fuels according to physiological and nutritional circumstances. These transitions in fuel choice are orchestrated by
Karl Herholz
Expert review of neurotherapeutics, 10(11), 1667-1673 (2010-10-28)
Assessment of regional cerebral glucose metabolism by (18)F-2-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-PET at resting state is a standard functional technique to assess cerebral function. Group studies identified significant regional metabolic impairment in asymptomatic individuals at increased risk for dementia. Substantial impairment of FDG
Tomoe Kanbara et al.
Journal of pharmacological sciences, 126(3), 264-273 (2014-10-28)
Oxaliplatin is a chemotherapeutic agent that induces chronic refractory neuropathy. To determine whether opioids effectively relieve this chronic neuropathy, we investigated the efficacies of morphine, oxycodone, and fentanyl, and the mechanisms underlying opioid antinociception, in oxaliplatin-induced neuropathy in rats. Rats
Notch signaling maintains T cell memories.
Aaron M Miller et al.
Nature medicine, 21(1), 16-18 (2015-01-09)
Brian M Zid et al.
Nature, 514(7520), 117-121 (2014-08-15)
A universal feature of the response to stress and nutrient limitation is transcriptional upregulation of genes that encode proteins important for survival. Under many such conditions, the overall protein synthesis level is reduced, thereby dampening the stress response at the
L Ia Timen et al.
Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia = Experimental & clinical gastroenterology, (5)(5), 89-92 (2014-02-08)
Glucose and ascorbate used for endoscopic hemostasis metabolic preventive to prevent recurrent ulcer bleeding. Unacceptable joint use in endohemostasis ascorbate and hydrogen peroxide.
Hiroko Ono et al.
Journal of pharmacological sciences, 125(3), 264-273 (2014-06-27)
Although norepinephrine transporter (NET) inhibition has an additional effect on μ-opioid receptor (MOR)-mediated anti-nociception in inflammatory and neuropathic pain, its effect on cancer pain is not well characterized. We investigated the additional effect of NET inhibition on MOR activation using
Yoichi Maekawa et al.
Nature medicine, 21(1), 55-61 (2014-12-17)
CD4+ T cells differentiate into memory T cells that protect the host from subsequent infection. In contrast, autoreactive memory CD4+ T cells harm the body by persisting in the tissues. The underlying pathways controlling the maintenance of memory CD4+ T
Accidental hypoglycaemia caused by an arterial flush drug error.
M Thirugnanam et al.
Anaesthesia, 69(5), 524-525 (2014-04-18)
Jinfang Zhao et al.
Wei sheng wu xue bao = Acta microbiologica Sinica, 53(4), 328-337 (2013-07-19)
In this study, we constructed a recombinant Escherichia coli strain for the production of high-purity L-lactic acid, using a homoethanol fermenting mutant E. coli SZ470 (deltafrdBC deltaldhA deltaackA deltafocA-pflB deltapdhR: :pflBp6-pflBrbs-aceEF-lpd) as the starting strain. By using homologous recombination, we
I N Kurchenko et al.
Mikrobiolohichnyi zhurnal (Kiev, Ukraine : 1993), 75(5), 47-51 (2014-02-01)
A comparative study of growth characteristics and peculiarities of glucose utilization by Fusarium poae and Penicillium funiculosum strains isolated from different habitats was conducted. It was found that F. poae and P. funiculosum strains differ as to their growth characteristics.
Mohamed Omar et al.
The Journal of bone and joint surgery. American volume, 96(24), 2032-2037 (2014-12-19)
Most currently used tools to diagnose septic arthritis are either not readily available or fail to provide real-time results. Reagent strip tests have identified infections in various body fluids. We hypothesized that combined leukocyte esterase and glucose strip tests can
Louise S Dalbøge et al.
The Journal of pharmacology and experimental therapeutics, 350(2), 353-360 (2014-06-07)
Antidiabetic treatments aiming to preserve or even to increase β-cell mass are currently gaining increased interest. Here we investigated the effect of chronic treatment with the novel glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1)-gastrin dual agonist ZP3022 (HGEGTFTSDLSKQMEEEAVRLFIEWLKN-8Ado-8Ado-YGWLDF-NH2) on glycemic control, β-cell mass and
Richard A McKinlly et al.
Aviation, space, and environmental medicine, 84(8), 780-788 (2013-08-10)
Extreme acceleration maneuvers encountered in modern agile fighter aircraft can wreak havoc on human physiology, thereby significantly influencing cognitive task performance. As oxygen content declines under acceleration stress, the activity of high order cortical tissue reduces to ensure sufficient metabolic
Yulin Ren et al.
Journal of medicinal chemistry, 49(9), 2829-2837 (2006-04-28)
The rapid increase of obesity-associated diabetes has created urgent demands for more effective antidiabetic therapies and pharmaceuticals that are able to address the problems of hyperglycemia and weight gain simultaneously. Our previous studies indicated that the alpha- and beta-anomers of
Yuzhang Zhu et al.
Biochemical and biophysical research communications, 447(4), 707-714 (2014-04-29)
Accumulating clinical evidence suggests that hyperuricemia is strongly associated with abnormal glucose metabolism and insulin resistance. However, how high uric acid (HUA) level causes insulin resistance remains unclear. We aimed to determine the direct role of HUA in insulin resistance
Peter Stein et al.
Metabolism: clinical and experimental, 63(10), 1296-1303 (2014-08-12)
Canagliflozin is a sodium glucose co-transporter 2 inhibitor approved for treating patients with type 2 diabetes. This study evaluated renal and non-renal effects of canagliflozin on postprandial plasma glucose (PG) excursion in patients with type 2 diabetes inadequately controlled with
Vincent C Luca et al.
Science (New York, N.Y.), 347(6224), 847-853 (2015-02-24)
Notch receptors guide mammalian cell fate decisions by engaging the proteins Jagged and Delta-like (DLL). The 2.3 angstrom resolution crystal structure of the interacting regions of the Notch1-DLL4 complex reveals a two-site, antiparallel binding orientation assisted by Notch1 O-linked glycosylation.
P V Zhuravlev et al.
Gigiena i sanitariia, (1)(1), 56-58 (2013-06-29)
Due to intensive anthropogenic pollution of water environment generally accepted indicators of epidemic security of water bodies--common bacteria (CB) and thermotolerant coliform bacteria (TCB) do not always permit to obtain an objective characterization of bacterial contamination of tap water. From
Wilhelmina G Leen et al.
Neurology, 81(24), e178-e181 (2013-12-11)
Analysis of CSF is daily routine in patients with acute neurologic disorders like CNS infections. In those patients, the finding of a low CSF glucose may influence further diagnostic workup and therapeutic choices. The interpretation of a low CSF glucose
Victor Castro-Fernandez et al.
The FEBS journal, 281(8), 2017-2029 (2014-05-27)
In some archaea, the phosphorylation of glucose and fructose 6-phosphate (fructose 6P) is carried out by enzymes that are specific for either substrate and that use ADP as phosphoryl donor. In the hyperthermophilic archaeon Methanocaldococcus jannaschii, a bifunctional enzyme able
Jinyoung Jang et al.
The Journal of physiology, 592(13), 2829-2844 (2014-04-24)
Midbrain dopamine (DA) neurons are slow intrinsic pacemakers that require the elaborate composition of many ion channels in the somatodendritic compartments. Understanding the major determinants of the spontaneous firing rate (SFR) of midbrain DA neurons is important because they determine
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