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F9252

Sigma-Aldrich

Folin & Ciocalteu′s phenol reagent

suitable for determination of total protein by Lowry method, 2 N

MDL number:
NACRES:
NA.47

form

liquid

Quality Level

concentration

2 N

color

clear yellow

pH

<0.5 (20 °C)

density

1.240 g/cm3 at 20 °C

suitability

suitable for determination of total protein by Lowry method

application(s)

diagnostic assay manufacturing
hematology
histology

storage temp.

room temp

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This Item
47641S51331.09001
concentration

2 N

concentration

2 M (with respect to acid)

concentration

-

concentration

-

color

clear yellow

color

-

color

-

color

-

pH

<0.5 (20 °C)

pH

-

pH

-

pH

<0.5 (20 °C in H2O)

density

1.240 g/cm3 at 20 °C

density

1.27 g/mL at 20 °C

density

-

density

1.24 g/cm3 at 20 °C

suitability

suitable for determination of total protein by Lowry method

suitability

-

suitability

suitable for detection of glycoproteins

suitability

-

General description

Folin & Ciocalteu′s phenol reagent is most commonly used in the Lowry method for determining protein concentration. It has also been used for the quantification of total phenolics. In this method, protein is pretreated with copper(II) in a modified biuret reagent (alkaline copper solution
stabilized with sodium potassium tartrate). Addition of the phenol reagent generates chromogens that give increasing absorbance between 550-750nm. Normally, absorbance at the peak (750nm) or shoulder (660nm) are used to quantitate protein concentrations between 1-100 mg/ml while absorbance at 550nm is used to quantitate higher protein concentrations.
In the absence of copper, color intensity is determined primarily by the tyrosine and tryptophan content of the protein, and to a lesser extent by cysteine and histidine. Copper(II) has no effect on color formation by tyrosine, tryptophan, or histidine, but reduces color formation due to cysteine.
Many modifications of the original assay procedure have been published, including methods for enhancing the color development, for determining the content of insoluble proteins, and for automating the procedure. Compounds including many buffers, chelating agents, detergents, and cyclic organic compounds can interfere with the Lowry protein assay.
Folin & Ciocalteu′s phenol reagent can also be used as a spray reagent in chromatographic procedures.

Application

Folin & Ciocalteu′s phenol reagent has been used for the estimation of total phenolic content in samples.

Other Notes

Folin & Ciocalteu′s phenol reagent does not contain phenol. Rather, the reagent will react with phenols and non-phenolic reducing substances to form chromogens that can be detected spectrophotometrically.

Linkage

This product is also available as part of a kit.

Pictograms

Corrosion

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

Hazard Classifications

Eye Dam. 1 - Met. Corr. 1 - Skin Corr. 1

Storage Class Code

8B - Non-combustible, corrosive hazardous materials

WGK

WGK 1

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable


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H J Fryer et al.
Analytical biochemistry, 153(2), 262-266 (1986-03-01)
The method of protein determination reported by Lowry et al. (1951, J. Biol. Chem. 193, 265-275) has been adapted for use with 96-well microtiter plates and an automatic microplate spectrophotometer. The spectrophotometer has been interfaced with a computer which plots
Picheswara Rao Polu et al.
BMC complementary and alternative medicine, 17(1), 457-457 (2017-09-13)
Tinospora cordifolia (Guduchi or Amrita) is an important drug of Ayurvedic System of Medicine and found mention in various classical texts for the treatment of diseases such as jaundice, fever, diabetes, cancer and skin disease etc. In view of its
Lowry's method of protein estimation: some more insights.
S Sengupta et al.
The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 45(1), 80-80 (1993-01-01)
Nutritional evaluation of some subtropical red and green seaweeds Part II. In vitro protein digestibility and amino acid profiles of protein concentrates.
Wong KH and Cheung PCK
Food Chemistry, 72, 11-17 (2001)
Estimation of total phenolic content and other oxidation substrates in plant tissues using Folin-Ciocalteu reagent.
Ainsworth EA and Gillespie KM
Nature Protocols, 2, 875-875 (2007)

Protocols

Protein Determination Modified Lowry Method

To standardize a procedure for the determination of protein by modified Lowry.

Plant-Based PCR Inhibitors During DNA Extraction and PCR Master Mix Performance

Evaluating the effects of PCR inhibitors and PCR enzyme selection using plant genomic DNA, GenElute™-E Single Spin Plant Extraction Kit, KOD-One™ PCR Master Mix and competitor high fidelity PCR master mixes.

Enzymatic Assay of Proteinase K (EC 3.4.21.64)

Proteinase K (EC 3.4.21.64) activity can be measured spectrophotometrically using hemoglobin as the substrate. Proteinase K hydrolyzes hemoglobin denatured with urea, and liberates Folin-postive amino acids and peptides. One unit will hydrolyze hemoglobin to produce color equivalent to 1.0 μmol of tyrosine per minute at pH 7.5 at 37 °C (color by Folin & Ciocalteu's Phenol Reagent).

Related Content

Tools for Protein Quantitation

A wide variety of products for traditional protein quantitation techniques such as BCA and Bradford. Also, products for alternative assays such as Lowry, Micro Pyrogallol and FluoroProfile are also available for total protein determination.

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