Histatins: salivary peptides with copper(II)- and zinc(II)-binding motifs: perspectives for biomedical applications.

Histatins: salivary peptides with copper(II)- and zinc(II)-binding motifs: perspectives for biomedical applications.

The FEBS journal (2013-11-14)

Sonia Melino, Celeste Santone, Paolo Di Nardo, Bibudhendra Sarkar

PMID24219363

ABSTRACT

Natural antimicrobial peptides represent a primordial mechanism of immunity in both vertebrate and nonvertebrate organisms. Among them, histatins belong to a family of human salivary metal-binding peptides displaying potent antibacterial, antifungal and wound-healing activities. These properties, along with the ability of histatins to inhibit collagenases and cysteine proteases, have attracted much attention for their potential use in the treatment of several oral diseases. This review critically assesses the studies carried out to date in order to provide a comprehensive and systematic vision of the information accumulated so far. In particular, the relationship between metal-binding and peptide activity is extensively analysed. The review provides important clues for developing possible therapeutic applications of histatins and their synthetic peptide analogues by creating a set of necessary resource materials to support investigators and industries interested in exploiting their unique properties.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

349224

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, wire, diam. 2.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

254177

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, beads, 2-8 mm, 99.9995% trace metals basis

209988

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, dust, <10 μm, ≥98%

326410

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, wire, diam. 0.64 mm, 99.995% trace metals basis

326429

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, wire, diam. 0.25 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

349208

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, foil, thickness 0.025 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

349151

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, 99.98% trace metals basis

499552

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc preparation, 5 g/dL Zn²⁺ in THF, highly reactive Rieke^®metal

349216

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, ≥99.9%

578002

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, nanopowder, 40-60 nm avg. part. size, ≥99% trace metals basis

326488

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, beads, 2-8 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

BCR058

Continuous cast copper (O), BCR^®, certified reference material, rod

61139

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, turnings, purum p.a., ≥99.0%

12816

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, foil, ≥99.8% (complexometric)

31653

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, puriss. p.a., ACS reagent, reag. ISO, reag. Ph. Eur., ≥99.9%, granular

349410

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

243469

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, granular, 20-30 mesh, ACS reagent, ≥99.8%

402583

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, shot, <12 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

266361

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, sticks, diam. 7-10 mm, 99.97% trace metals basis

266353

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, pieces, 2-14 mesh, 99.9% trace metals basis

267635

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, shot, 5 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

267619

Sigma-Aldrich

Zinc, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

GF21744952

Copper, insulated wire, 20m, conductor diameter 0.125mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, 2 micron polyesterimide insulation, 99.9%

GF46821382

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.75mm, inside diameter 0.33mm, wall thickness 0.71mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF20661083

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 10.26mm, wall thickness 1.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF77355579

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.65mm, inside diameter 0.21mm, wall thickness 0.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF16694006

Copper, rod, 50mm, diameter 6.35mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF23864463

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.75mm, inside diameter 0.23mm, wall thickness 0.26mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF53474980

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 10.26mm, wall thickness 1.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF93436926

Copper, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.95mm, inside diameter 0.29mm, wall thickness 0.33mm, as drawn, 99.9%