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A M Urbano et al.
Current drug metabolism, 13(3), 284-305 (2012-03-30)
For over a century, chromium (Cr) has found widespread industrial and commercial use, namely as a pigment, in the production of stainless steel and in chrome plating. The adverse health effects to the skin and respiratory tract of prolonged exposure
Roberta Welling et al.
Occupational and environmental medicine, 72(2), 151-159 (2014-09-19)
Chromium VI (hexavalent chromium, Cr(VI)) is an established cause of lung cancer, but its association with gastrointestinal cancer is less clear. The goal of this study was to examine whether the current human epidemiological research on occupationally inhaled Cr(VI) supports
B Dhal et al.
Journal of hazardous materials, 250-251, 272-291 (2013-03-08)
Chromium is a highly toxic non-essential metal for microorganisms and plants, and its occurrence is rare in nature. Lower to higher chromium containing effluents and solid wastes released by activities such as mining, metal plating, wood preservation, ink manufacture, dyes
Camila C Amorim et al.
Chemosphere, 109, 143-149 (2014-02-25)
In this work, a new approach is presented for the modification of the hazardous steel industry waste BFD (Blast Furnace Dust) into a versatile material for application in environmental remediation processes. Tar pitch, another waste, was used to agglomerate the
Karan M Shah et al.
Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society, 33(1), 114-121 (2014-09-25)
Cobalt and chromium species are released in the local tissues as a result of tribo-corrosion, and affect bone cell survival and function. However we have little understanding of the mechanisms of cellular entry, intracellular distribution, and speciation of the metals
John B Vincent et al.
Chemistry & biodiversity, 9(9), 1923-1941 (2012-09-15)
The history of biochemical and nutritional studies of the element is unfortunately full of twists and turns, most leading to dead ends. Chromium (Cr), as the trivalent ion, has been proposed to be an essential element, a body mass and
Juliane Fritzsche et al.
Clinical orthopaedics and related research, 470(8), 2325-2331 (2012-06-14)
Metal-on-metal bearings frequently are used in young patients leading to the concern that disseminated metals such as chromium (Cr) and cobalt (Co) as the main constituents could affect pregnancies. We describe a 41-year-old patient with bilateral metal-on-metal hip arthroplasties, a
Kirthiram K Sivakumar et al.
Developmental biology, 388(1), 22-34 (2014-02-18)
Hexavalent chromium (CrVI), one of the more toxic heavy metals, is widely used in more than 50 industries such as chrome plating, welding, wood processing and tanneries. As one of the world's leading producers of chromium compounds, the U.S. is
Sandra S Wise et al.
Mutation research, 733(1-2), 78-82 (2011-12-24)
Many metals serve as micronutrients which protect against genomic instability. Chromium is most abundant in its trivalent and hexavalent forms. Trivalent chromium has historically been considered an essential element, though recent data indicate that while it can have pharmacological effects
Mohammad Abdollahi et al.
Journal of pharmacy & pharmaceutical sciences : a publication of the Canadian Society for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Societe canadienne des sciences pharmaceutiques, 16(1), 99-114 (2013-05-21)
Chromium (Cr) as an essential trace element in metabolism of carbohydrate, lipid and protein is currently prescribed to control diabetes mellitus (DM). The objective of this meta-analysis was to compare the effect of Cr versus placebo (Pl) on glucose and
Hannah Pope-Varsalona et al.
Nucleic acids research, 42(21), 13096-13109 (2014-10-31)
Telomeres at chromosome ends are normally masked from proteins that signal and repair DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). Bulky DNA lesions can cause DSBs if they block DNA replication, unless they are bypassed by translesion (TLS) DNA polymerases. Here, we
Bo Xia et al.
Toxicology letters, 228(3), 241-247 (2014-05-27)
Chromium is a potent human mutagen and carcinogen. The capability of chromium to cause cancers has been known for more than a century, and numerous epidemiological studies have been performed to determine its carcinogenicity. In the post-genome era, cancer has
Jong-Young Lee et al.
The American journal of cardiology, 113(12), 1977-1985 (2014-05-06)
Cardiac rehabilitation (CR) can reduce cardiovascular mortality and morbidity in coronary artery disease. Long coronary artery lesions may be associated with adverse outcomes after drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. The purpose of this study was to evaluate angiographic outcomes after a
Joseph T Haney et al.
Regulatory toxicology and pharmacology : RTP, 64(3), 466-480 (2012-10-30)
The carcinogenicity of hexavalent chromium(CrVI) is of significant interest to regulatory agencies for the protection of public health and to industry. Additionally, the mode of action (MOA) and conditions under which CrVI may induce carcinogenicity (e.g., reductive capacity considerations) have
J J Jacobs et al.
The Journal of arthroplasty, 29(4), 668-669 (2014-03-25)
Mechanically assisted crevice corrosion (MACC) at metal/metal modular junctions in which at least one of the components is fabricated from cobalt-chromium alloy, has reemerged as a potential clinically significant complication in total hip arthroplasty. The clinical manifestation of MACC may
Charlotte Viant et al.
Nature communications, 5, 5108-5108 (2014-10-31)
Natural killer (NK) cells are cytotoxic innate lymphoid cells that are involved in immune defense. NK cell reactivity is controlled in part by MHC class I recognition by inhibitory receptors, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain undefined. Using a mouse
Munehiro Yoshida
Nihon eiseigaku zasshi. Japanese journal of hygiene, 67(4), 485-491 (2012-10-26)
It has been recognized that chromium is an essential trace element associated with carbohydrate metabolism, and chromium deficiency causes an impaired glucose tolerance. Recently, however, Vincent et al. have reported that chromium is not an essential trace element. In the
A Assaf et al.
Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry, 406(20), 4899-4910 (2014-06-09)
Food safety is a major concern for suppliers in the food chain to ensure the safety of their products. The identification procedure requested by norms is tedious, and it often requires systematic controls and qualified staff to perform the necessary
Rituparna Ganguly et al.
American journal of physiology. Cell physiology, 308(2), C111-C122 (2014-10-31)
Trivalent chromium (Cr(3+)) is a mineral nutrient reported to have beneficial effects in glycemic and cardiovascular health. In vitro and in vivo studies suggest that Cr(3+) supplementation reduces the atherogenic potential and lowers the risk of vascular inflammation in diabetes.
Charles R Myers
Free radical biology & medicine, 52(10), 2091-2107 (2012-05-01)
Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] compounds are highly redox active and have long been recognized as potent cytotoxins and carcinogens. The intracellular reduction of Cr(VI) generates reactive Cr intermediates, which are themselves strong oxidants, as well as superoxide, hydrogen peroxide, and hydroxyl
Mitra Ataabadi et al.
Environmental monitoring and assessment, 187(1), 4165-4165 (2014-12-05)
Hexavalent chromium is a mutagen and carcinogen that is of significant concern in water and wastewater. In the present study, magnetite nanoparticles (n-Mag) were investigated as a potential remediation technology for the decontamination of Cr (VI)-contaminated wastewater. Synthesized n-Mag was
Mohammad Javad Najafpanah et al.
Gene, 543(2), 253-258 (2014-04-08)
Acetyl CoA Carboxylase 1 (ACC1) is a biotin-dependent enzyme that catalyzes the carboxylation of Acetyl CoA to form Malonyl CoA, the key intermediate metabolite in fatty acid synthesis. In this study, the mRNA expression of the ACC1 gene was evaluated
O Lainiala et al.
The bone & joint journal, 96-B(12), 1610-1617 (2014-12-03)
We conducted a retrospective study to assess the prevalence of adverse reactions to metal debris (ARMD) in patients operated on at our institution with metal-on-metal (MoM) total hip replacements with 36 mm heads using a Pinnacle acetabular shell. A total
Yizhi Song et al.
Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 195, 178-184 (2014-09-23)
A whole-cell bacterial bioreporter Acinetobacter baylyi strain ADP1_recA_lux that responds to genotoxins was employed to directly assess the adverse effects of the bioavailable fraction of mitomycin C (MMC), benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), chromium (VI) and lead (II) in amended soils and soil
Renaud Persoons et al.
Toxicology letters, 231(2), 135-141 (2014-09-17)
Welding fumes contain various toxic metals including chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni) and manganese (Mn). An assessment of the risk to health of local and systemic exposure to welding fumes requires the assessment of both external and internal doses. The aims
Enno Kätelhön et al.
ACS nano, 8(5), 4924-4930 (2014-04-04)
We theoretically investigate reversible adsorption in electrochemical devices on a molecular level. To this end, a computational framework is introduced, which is based on 3D random walks including probabilities for adsorption and desorption events at surfaces. We demonstrate that this
R Ia Iskra et al.
Ukrains'kyi biokhimichnyi zhurnal (1999 ), 83(5), 5-12 (2012-01-27)
Modern data concerning biologic characteristics of chromium (Cr3+) its placement in nature, accessibility and metabolic action of its different forms in humans and animals is presented in this survey. Essentiality of chromium for humans is emphasized, data about consumption norms
Akiko Maehara et al.
EuroIntervention : journal of EuroPCR in collaboration with the Working Group on Interventional Cardiology of the European Society of Cardiology, 10(4), 475-483 (2014-08-21)
To report serial intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) findings of bifurcation lesions treated with the dedicated Tryton Side Branch Stent to assess mechanisms of restenosis. The Tryton FIM study was a multicentre, prospective, single-arm, "first-in-man" study to treat de novo bifurcation lesions.
Benedetta Ponti et al.
Environmental toxicology and chemistry, 33(10), 2280-2287 (2014-06-20)
Risk assessments from the European Union and the World Health Organization report values for acute and chronic toxicity of Cr(III) to Daphnia magna in the range of 0.6 mg/L to 111 mg/L and 0.047 mg/L to 3.4 mg/L, respectively. To understand whether factors other
Klas Gustafson et al.
Acta orthopaedica, 85(4), 348-354 (2014-06-17)
Metal-on-metal (MOM) total hip arthroplasties were reintroduced because of the problems with osteolysis and aseptic loosening related to polyethylene wear of early metal-on-polyethylene (MOP) arthroplasties. The volumetric wear rate has been greatly reduced with MOM arthroplasties; however, because of nano-size
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