[Loncat ke Konten](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com#main-content) [![Merck](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/static/logos/purple/merck.svg)](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id) Produk Kereta0 IDID Produk ProdukAplikasiLayananSumber dayaDukungan [Login / Daftar](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/oidc-sign-in) [Pencarian Pesanan](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/order-lookup) [Pesanan Cepat](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/quick-order) Kereta0 [Beranda](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id)[Aplikasi](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/applications)[Genomik](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/applications/genomics)Epigenetika # Epigenetika ![Ilustrasi mekanisme epigenetik yang melibatkan metilasi DNA, modifikasi histon, dan regulasi RNA.](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/content/dam/cms-commons/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/images/applications/genomics/epigenetics-application-page-620x320.png "Ilustrasi mekanisme epigenetik yang melibatkan metilasi DNA, modifikasi histon, dan regulasi RNA.") __Mekanisme Epigenetik__ Bidang epigenetika telah menjadi fokus utama bagi para ilmuwan yang meneliti kanker, penyakit neurodegeneratif, dan kecanduan. Mekanisme epigenetika melibatkan aktivasi atau penekanan sementara terhadap ekspresi gen. Menariknya, perubahan-perubahan ini dapat diturunkan dari generasi ke generasi, meskipun tidak mengubah urutan DNA secara permanen. Tiga mekanisme utama epigenetika adalah metilasi DNA, modifikasi histon, dan regulasi RNA. * * * ## Produk Terkait Slide 1 of 6 1 of 2 [![Imprint® Methylated DNA Quantification Kit To measure global DNA methylation shifts from as low as 10 ng DNA](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/images/126/588/6e83bfa1-9e6f-43c1-8aee-44c17eda2fe6/640/6e83bfa1-9e6f-43c1-8aee-44c17eda2fe6.jpg) \ Sigma-Aldrich \ MDQ1 \ Imprint® Methylated DNA Quantification Kit](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/product/sigma/mdq1) Tampilan Cepat [![Imprint® DNA Modification Kit For bisulfite DNA conversion & purification](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/images/278/128/32bcf39a-5237-4d73-b4f1-404f3e34c817/640/32bcf39a-5237-4d73-b4f1-404f3e34c817.jpg) \ Sigma-Aldrich \ MOD50 \ Imprint® DNA Modification Kit](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/product/sigma/mod50) Tampilan Cepat [![Splitomicin ≥98% (HPLC), powder](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/structures/251/097/43e5403b-b466-4019-b0a2-cc8b124937a7/640/43e5403b-b466-4019-b0a2-cc8b124937a7.png) \ Sigma-Aldrich \ S4068 \ Splitomicin](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/product/sigma/s4068) Tampilan Cepat [![EZ-Magna ChIP® A/G Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit Single day chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) kit containing all necessary reagents to perform 22 individual chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) reactions using magnetic A/G beads. Control primers included.](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/images/242/778/b29f42e9-4a21-408b-8876-e3935140aad3/640/b29f42e9-4a21-408b-8876-e3935140aad3.jpg) \ Sigma-Aldrich \ 17-10086 \ EZ-Magna ChIP® A/G Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/product/mm/1710086) Tampilan Cepat [![Imprint® Ultra Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit, Without Controls ChIP kit for maximum sensitivity, compatible with Next-Gen sequencing](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/images/272/023/a77a6b34-9cff-4d12-ae99-8e52d007bce2/640/a77a6b34-9cff-4d12-ae99-8e52d007bce2.jpg) \ Sigma-Aldrich \ CHP2NC \ Imprint® Ultra Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit, Without Controls](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/product/sigma/chp2nc) Tampilan Cepat [![Magna RIP® RNA-Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation Kit RNA Immunoprecipitation (RIP) Kit containing all necessary reagents to perform 12 individual RNA-binding protein immunoprecipitation (RIP) reactions using protein A/G magnetic beads.](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/product/images/945/688/6c625518-037f-48e9-8597-073c750a4d2a/640/6c625518-037f-48e9-8597-073c750a4d2a.jpg) \ Sigma-Aldrich \ 17-700 \ Magna RIP® RNA-Binding Protein Immunoprecipitation Kit](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/product/mm/17700) Tampilan Cepat * * * ## Kategori Unggulan [![Peralatan laboratorium yang digunakan dalam penelitian biokimia karbohidrat, termasuk monosakarida, disakarida, oligosakarida, dan polisakarida.](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/content/dam/cms-commons/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/images/categories/biochemistry/carbohydrates-research-biochemical-lab.jpg "Penelitian karbohidrat di laboratorium biokimia")](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/products/chemistry-and-biochemicals/chemical-biology) [Biologi Kimia](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/products/chemistry-and-biochemicals/chemical-biology) Produk-produk biologi kimia kami yang terdepan di pasar menawarkan solusi ahli dan praktis untuk biokonjugasi, serta sintesis biomolekul dan peptida. 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[Lihat Produk](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/products/cell-culture-and-analysis/cell-lines-and-specialty-cell-culture/stem-cells) * * * Gambaran Umum Artikel & Protokol Terkait Dukungan ## Metilasi DNA Metilasi DNA adalah mekanisme epigenetik yang paling dikenal. Proses ini umumnya melibatkan enzim metiltransferase yang membantu penambahan gugus metil pada posisi kelima sitosin (C5). Penambahan ini terutama terjadi pada dinukleotida sitosin-fosfat-guanin (CpG). Namun, metilasi non-CpG juga dapat terjadi. Analisis metilasi DNA sering dilakukan untuk membantu memahami ekspresi gen. Contoh analisis jenis ini meliputi kuantifikasi metilasi melalui pencernaan DNA yang dilanjutkan dengan analisis menggunakan HPLC, spektrometri massa, atau konversi natrium bisulfat yang diikuti dengan sekuensing dan analisis PCR. ## Modifikasi Histon Modifikasi histon merupakan mekanisme epigenetik klasik lainnya. Mekanisme ini melibatkan berbagai cara mengubah histon melalui asetilasi, metilasi, fosforilasi, dan mekanisme lain yang memengaruhi ekspresi gen. Histon adalah protein yang, bersama dengan DNA, membentuk nukleosom. Kumpulan nukleosom membentuk kromatin yang menyusun kromosom. Secara umum, modifikasi histon terjadi pada ekor N-terminal histon dengan proporsi tinggi asam amino lisin atau arginin. Salah satu cara untuk mempelajari regulasi epigenetik ini adalah melalui penggunaan uji imunopresipitasi kromatin (ChIP). ## Regulasi RNA Pengetahuan mengenai regulasi RNA masih lebih sedikit dibandingkan dengan mekanisme epigenetik lainnya. Sinyal RNA diyakini berperan dalam epigenetik melalui regulasi struktur kromatin. Para peneliti sedang menyelidiki bagaimana mRNA dan khususnya RNA non-koding, seperti RNA non-koding panjang (lncRNA) dan mikroRNA, mengatur ekspresi gen. Selain itu, uji Chromatin isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) atau RNA immunoprecipitation (RIP) dapat digunakan untuk memahami hubungan antara kromatin dan RNA serta peran RNA dalam epigenetika. [![Pencarian Dokumen](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/content/dam/cms-commons/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/images/ecommerce/document-search.png "Pencarian Dokumen")](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/documents-search) [Mencari Informasi yang Lebih Spesifik?](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/documents-search) Kunjungi fitur pencarian dokumen kami untuk mendapatkan lembar data, sertifikat, dan dokumentasi teknis. [Cari Dokumen](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/documents-search) ## Artikel Terkait - [Introduction to DNA Methylation](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/technical-article/genomics/epigenetics/introduction-to-dna-methylation) Review the details of DNA methylation, a common modification in both eukaryotic and prokaryotic organisms. Typically, methylation is characterized by the addition of a methyl group (–CH3) to the cytosine C5. - [p53: DNA Damage Response and Cancer](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/technical-article/genomics/epigenetics/p-fiftythree-dna-damage-response-and-cancer) p53 regulates gene expression, cell cycle control and functions as a tumor suppressor. Inactivation of p53 is closely tied to cancer development. - [Imprint ® DNA Modification Kit (MOD50) Protocol](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/technical-article/genomics/epigenetics/mod50-imprint-dna-modification-kit) The Imprint DNA Modification Kit provides the reagents needed for bisulfite conversion and post-modification clean-up of DNA samples in less than 2 hours. - [Epigenetics Overview](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/technical-article/genomics/epigenetics/epigenetics-overview) Epigenetics is a term coined to describe changes that are not mutation based but can still be passed on from generation to generation. Genes that are activated or repressed without any change in DNA sequence are epigenetically controlled. Epigenetic modifications are stable, but potentially reversible alterations in gene expression that occur without permanent changes in DNA sequence. - [Carcinogenesis and Epigenetics](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/technical-article/genomics/epigenetics/carcinogenesis-epigenetics) Carcinogenicity and genotoxicity data combined with current research provides a foundation for understanding the intricate carcinogenic process characterized by both mutagenic and epigenetic facets. - [Lihat Semua (14)](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/search/facet-search?focus=sitecontent&term=facet-search) ## Protokol Terkait - [DIG Gel Mobility Shift Assay Troubleshooting](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/protocol/genomics/epigenetics/dig-gel-shift-kit-2nd-generation) The DIG Gel Shift Kit uses recombinant terminal transferase and digoxigenin (DIG)-11- dideoxyuridine triphosphate (ddUTP), which makes the labeling reaction flexible. - [Imprint® Methylated DNA Quantification Kit (MDQ1) Protocol](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/protocol/genomics/epigenetics/methylated-dna-quantification-kit) The Imprint® Methylated DNA Quantification Kit provides a high-throughput, non-radioactive means of measuring global DNA methylation shifts. - [ChIP-qPCR Data Analysis](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/protocol/genomics/qpcr/chip-qpcr-data-analysis) Chromatin Immunoprecipitation qPCR for studying gene regulation across conditions. - [Chromatin Isolation by RNA Purification (ChIRP) Protocol](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/protocol/protein-biology/protein-and-nucleic-acid-interactions/chromatin-isolation-by-rna-purification) Chromatin Isolation by RNA purification (ChIRP) protocol for isolating RNA-bound genome regions. - [Imprint® Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit (CHP1) Protocol](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/en/technical-documents/protocol/protein-biology/protein-pulldown/chromatin-immunoprecipitation-kit-chp1) The Sigma Imprint Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Kit uses a plate based system to allow rapid ChIP assays in a high throughput format - [Lihat Semua (5)](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/search/facet-search?focus=sitecontent&term=facet-search) ### Temukan Artikel dan Protokol Lainnya Masukkan Kata Kunci Cari ## Bagaimana Kami Dapat Membantu Jika Anda memiliki pertanyaan, silakan ajukan [permintaan](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/support/customer-support) [bantuan pelanggan](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/support/customer-support) atau hubungi tim layanan pelanggan kami: Kirim email ke custserv@sial.com atau hubungi +1 (800) 244-1173 ## Dukungan Tambahan - [Pencarian Kromatogram](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/chromatogram-search) Gunakan fitur Pencarian Kromatogram untuk mengidentifikasi senyawa tak dikenal dalam sampel Anda. - [Kalkulator & Aplikasi](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/support/calculators-and-apps) Web Toolbox - alat dan sumber daya penelitian sains untuk kimia analitik, ilmu hayati, sintesis kimia, dan ilmu material. - [Permohonan Dukungan Pelanggan](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/ID/id/support/customer-support) Dukungan pelanggan termasuk bantuan dengan pesanan, produk, akun, dan masalah teknis situs web. - [Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan](https://maestro.my.site.com/knowledgeportal/s/) Silakan telusuri bagian Pertanyaan yang Sering Diajukan (FAQ) kami untuk mendapatkan jawaban atas pertanyaan-pertanyaan umum mengenai produk dan layanan kami. 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