Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)

Joseph Lemire, Vasu D Appanna

PMID22099161

ABSTRACT

Aluminum (Al) has been implicated in a variety of neurological diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms that enable Al to be involved in these disorders have yet to be fully delineated. Using astrocytes as a model of the cerebral cellular system, we have uncovered the biochemical networks that are affected by Al toxicity. In this review, we reveal how the inhibitory influence of Al on ATP production and on mitochondrial functions help generate globular astrocytes that are fat producing machines. These biological events may be the contributing factors to Al-triggered brain disorders.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

01-2570

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, CP

266574

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.45-0.55 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

338788

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-12 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

326852

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326860

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.13 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

266957

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

IRMM523A

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.1 mm foil

GF18113880

Aluminum, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 3.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF34949289

Aluminum, wire reel, 500m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF15743594

Aluminum, wire reel, 1m, diameter 2.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF33402226

Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF08212249

Aluminum, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF22816830

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.95+%

GF01823284

Aluminum, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF59893723

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.015mm, hard, 99.99%

GF36655386

Aluminum, wire reel, 5m, diameter 0.25mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF10973550

Aluminum, wire reel, 50m, diameter 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF02407553

Aluminum, tube, 0.2m coil, as drawn, outside diameter 0.30mm, inside diameter 0.2mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, 99.5%

GF47667819

Aluminum, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.0075μm, specific density 1.84μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.999%

GF04958084

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0.072g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF64700524

Aluminum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%

GF51278070

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 10mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF62524076

Aluminum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.96mm, inside diameter 1.4mm, wall thickness 0.28mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF04614724

Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 10mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF07499010

Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 10mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF52283404

Aluminum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 0.6mm, inside diameter 0.3mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF45982716

Aluminum, insulated wire, 10m, conductor diameter 0.1mm, insulation thickness 0.005mm, polyimide insulation, 99.95+%

GF52964006

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.96mm, inside diameter 1.4mm, wall thickness 0.28mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF11843344

Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.6mm, inside diameter 0.3mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.5%

GF31003456

Aluminum, rod, 100mm, diameter 5.0mm, as drawn, 99.999%