The chemical differences between equine and bovine heart-derived Cytochrome C for cytochrome oxidase histochemistry are minimal. The molecular weights are close but not identical, with equine heart-derived Cytochrome C having a molecular weight of 12,384 and bovine heart-derived Cytochrome C having a molecular weight of 12,327. Despite this, both are highly conserved in eukaryotes, and considering their near-identical molecular weights, they can likely be used interchangeably for cytochrome oxidase histochemistry.
C2506
シトクロムC from equine heart
≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
Cytochrome c from equine heart
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別名:
シトクロムC ウマ心臓由来
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50 MG
￥13,200
100 MG
￥25,125
250 MG
￥41,700
500 MG
￥79,100
1 G
￥138,600
2 G
￥239,400
5 G
￥432,250
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製品名
シトクロムC from equine heart, ≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
biological source
horse heart
assay
≥95% (SDS-PAGE)
form
powder
mol wt
12,384
technique(s)
cell based assay: suitable
solubility
H2O: soluble 10 mg/mL
suitability
suitable for molecular biology
UniProt accession no.
application(s)
cell analysis
storage temp.
−20°C
Quality Level
Gene Information
horse ... CYCS(100053958)
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当該品目 | C2037 | C2436 | C4011 |
|---|---|---|---|
| technique(s) cell based assay: suitable | technique(s) cell based assay: suitable | technique(s) cell based assay: suitable | technique(s) cell culture | mammalian: suitable |
| biological source horse heart | biological source bovine heart | biological source Saccharomyces cerevisiae | biological source pigeon muscle (breast) |
| assay ≥95% (SDS-PAGE) | assay ≥95% based on Mol. Wt. 12,327 basis | assay ≥85% based on Mol. Wt. 12,588 basis | assay ≥95% based on Mol. Wt. 12,173 basis |
| suitability suitable for molecular biology | suitability suitable for molecular biology | suitability - | suitability - |
| form powder | form powder or crystals | form powder | form powder |
| mol wt 12,384 | mol wt 12327 Da | mol wt 12,588 Da | mol wt - |
Application
H2O2およびUV処理により、ウマシトクロムcの特定部位と範囲の酸化を特徴付けました。こうした状態の部位は、細胞内の酸化環境用のバイオマーカーとして使用可能であることが示唆されました。
Biochem/physiol Actions
シトクロムcは、主に電子伝達系のミトコンドリアタンパク質として知られています。シトクロムcは、細胞内で二価鉄状態と三価鉄状態の間を遷移して効率のよい生物学的電子輸送体となり、植物と動物のどちらでも細胞酸化において重要な役割を果たしています。一般に呼吸の汎用触媒と考えられており、呼吸基質と酸素との間に必要な電子架橋を形成します。
チトクロームcは、ミトコンドリア外画分からサイトゾルへ放出されて、カスパーゼ-9の活性化とアポトーシスプロテアーゼカスケードの開始を助けます。このプロセスは、アポトーシスプロテアーゼ活性化因子-1（APAF-1）およびデオキシアデノシン三リン酸（dATP）との相互作用によって促進されます(3)。腫瘍患者の血清中のチトクロームC濃度の測定値は、in vivo細胞死の有望なマーカーと考えられることがさまざまな研究によって示唆されています。[8]
Other Notes
Preparation Note
TCAを用いて調製されています。
本製品を溶液にすると、10 mg/mL の濃度で水に溶解した際に、暗赤色から赤褐色になります。
保管分類
11 - Combustible Solids
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
ppe
Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)
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Yamamoto FY, et al.
Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 77, 273-279 (2018)
Rapid extracellular release of cytochrome c is specific for apoptosis and marks cell death in vivo
Renz A, et al.
Blood, 98(5), 1542-1548 (2001)
B C Hill
The Journal of biological chemistry, 266(4), 2219-2226 (1991-02-05)
The reaction of the electrostatic cytochrome c-cytochrome oxidase complex with oxygen is measured by transient absorption spectroscopy. The oxygen reaction is initiated by photolytic removal of CO from cytochrome oxidase, using a flash-pumped dye laser. The subsequent reaction of the
Enzyme-catalyzed free radical reactions with nicotinamide adenine nucleotides. II. Lactate dehydrogenase-catalyzed oxidation of reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide by superoxide radicals generated by xanthine oxidase.
P C Chan et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 249(4), 1317-1319 (1974-02-25)
Vittorio Pandini et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 277(50), 48463-48471 (2002-10-09)
Toxoplasma gondii possesses an apicoplast-localized, plant-type ferredoxin-NADP(+) reductase. We have cloned a [2Fe-2S] ferredoxin from the same parasite to investigate the interplay of the two redox proteins. A detailed characterization of the two purified recombinant proteins, particularly as to their
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What are the chemical differences between equine and bovine heart-derived Cytochrome C for cytochrome oxidase histochemistry?
1 回答-
役に立ちましたか？
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Does the solubilized powder have a particular color (compared to bovine cytC, which has a brown color)?
1 回答-
This product in solution should be dark red to reddish brown when dissolved in water at 10 mg/mL. See below for a link to the sample Certificate of Analysis:
https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/certificates/sapfs/PROD/sap/certificate_pdfs/COFA/Q14/C2506-BULKSLCL7912.pdf役に立ちましたか？
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Is Product C2506, Cytochrome c, predominantly in the oxidized form or the reduced form?
1 回答-
This product is predominantly (>95%) in the oxidized form.
役に立ちましたか？
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I see that you list several horse heart cytochrome c products. What are the differences, and which one should I choose?
1 回答-
Product No. C2506 is prepared with trichloroacetic acid (TCA), whereas C7752 is prepared with the milder acetic acid. The TCA method may reduce the amount of superoxide dismutase (SOD) present, but tends to cause dimerization or acid-modified structures of cytochrome c. In contrast, acetic acid preparations may have slightly higher amounts of SOD, but a lower proportion of dimeric cytochrome c. So C2506 would be recommended for enzyme activity studies that require low SOD, whereas C7752 is recommended for structural studies or binding studies, or for enzyme activity studies where possible SOD contamination is not a problem. Product No. C2867 is prepared from C2506; it is a BioUtra grade product, greater than or equal to 99% pure as determined by SDS-PAGE. It is recommended when an ultra-high purity is required. Product No. C3256 is also prepared from C7752; it is isolated by ion-exchange chromatography. This fraction shows a high rate of ascorbic acid oxidation, but low activity in a cytochrome oxidase system. Product No. C7150 is also prepared from C7752; it is suitable for use as a gel filtration molecular weight marker.
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How do I determine how much of Product C2506, Cytochrome c, is in the oxidized form, and how much is reduced?
1 回答-
This is determined by a spectral assay. The detailed assay procedure (operating procedure #11252) may be requested from Sigma St. Louis Technical Service ([email protected]).
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What is the Department of Transportation shipping information for this product?
1 回答-
Transportation information can be found in Section 14 of the product's (M)SDS.To access the shipping information for this material, use the link on the product detail page for the product.
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How should I store solutions of Product C2506, Cytochrome c?
1 回答-
Our general recommendations are as follows: Store at -20 °C (freezer) for up to six months. Store at 2-8 °C (refrigerator) for up to two weeks. Store at 20-25 °C (room temperature) for up to three days. According to J. Biol. Chem, 237, 2161-2174 (1962), cytochrome c is stable to boiling, and over an unusually wide range of pH values. However, it denatures readily at extreme pH (low or high), and in high concentrations of organic solvents, such as ethanol or acetone.
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