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W504505

Sigma-Aldrich

(S)-(−)-Limonene

≥95%, FG

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Synonym(s):
(−)-p-Mentha-1,8-diene, (−)-Carvene, (S)-4-Isopropenyl-1-methyl cyclohexene
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C10H16
CAS Number:
5989-54-8
Molecular Weight:
136.23
Beilstein:
2323991
EC Number:
227-815-6
MDL number:
MFCD00001558
PubChem Substance ID:
24902017
Flavis number:
1.046
NACRES:
NA.21

biological source

synthetic

Quality Level

400

grade

FG
Kosher

reg. compliance

EU Regulation 1334/2008 & 178/2002
FDA 21 CFR 182.60

vapor density

4.7 (vs air)

vapor pressure

<3 mmHg ( 14.4 °C)
1 mmHg ( 20 °C)

Assay

≥95%

optical activity

[α]20/D −90 to -61°, neat (angular)

expl. lim.

6.1 %

refractive index

n20/D 1.471 (lit.)

bp

175-177 °C (lit.)

density

0.844 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)

application(s)

flavors and fragrances

Documentation

see Safety & Documentation for available documents

food allergen

no known allergens

Organoleptic

camphoraceous; herbaceous; pine

SMILES string

CC(=C)[C@H]1CCC(C)=CC1

InChI

1S/C10H16/c1-8(2)10-6-4-9(3)5-7-10/h4,10H,1,5-7H2,2-3H3/t10-/m1/s1

InChI key

XMGQYMWWDOXHJM-SNVBAGLBSA-N

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1 of 4

This Item
W26330321836762122
(S)-(&#8722;)-Limonene &#8805;95%, FG

Sigma-Aldrich

W504505

(S)-(−)-Limonene

(R)-(+)-Limonene &#8805;93%

Sigma-Aldrich

W263303

(R)-(+)-Limonene

(S)-(&#8722;)-Limonene 96%

Sigma-Aldrich

218367

(S)-(−)-Limonene

(R)-(+)-Limonene technical, ~90% (sum of enantiomers, GC)

Sigma-Aldrich

62122

(R)-(+)-Limonene

grade

FG, Kosher

grade

Halal, Kosher

grade

-

grade

-

vapor density

4.7 (vs air)

vapor density

4.7 (vs air)

vapor density

4.7 (vs air)

vapor density

4.7 (vs air)

assay

≥95%

assay

≥93%

assay

96%

assay

~90% (sum of enantiomers, GC)

optical activity

[α]20/D −90 to -61°, neat (angular)

optical activity

[α]20/D +120°, neat

optical activity

[α]19/D −94°, c = 10 in ethanol

optical activity

[α]20/D +112±5°, c = 10% in ethanol

refractive index

n20/D 1.471 (lit.)

refractive index

n20/D 1.473 (lit.)

refractive index

n20/D 1.471 (lit.)

refractive index

n20/D 1.473 (lit.)

General description

(S)-(−)-Limonene, a fragrance monoterpene, is mainly found in citrus peel oil. It is also found in the essential oils of herbs such as rosemary, eucalyptus, lavender, caraway, lemongrass, and peppermint) and also tea tree oil, and turpentine oil. The oxidation products of limonene may lead to fragrance-related contact allergy.

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Classifications

Aquatic Acute 1 - Aquatic Chronic 1 - Asp. Tox. 1 - Flam. Liq. 3 - Skin Irrit. 2 - Skin Sens. 1B

Storage Class Code

3 - Flammable liquids

WGK

WGK 2

Flash Point(F)

123.8 °F - closed cup

Flash Point(C)

51 °C - closed cup

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

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Not only oxidized R?(+)?but also S?(?)?limonene is a common cause of contact allergy in dermatitis patients in Europe.
Matura M, et al.
Contact Dermatitis, 55(5), 274-279 (2006)
Perry Fung Chye Lim et al.
International journal of pharmaceutics, 311(1-2), 157-164 (2006-02-03)
Penetration enhancers are a classical means for improving transdermal drug delivery (TDD). Enhancers permeate into the skin and reversibly decrease the barrier resistance. Basically, our aim is to formulate a transdermal gel containing an appropriate enhancer for a controlled drug
G C Hard et al.
Critical reviews in toxicology, 24(3), 231-254 (1994-01-01)
The naturally occurring food constituent d-limonene has been found to cause tumors at high doses only in the kidney of the male rat in association with the development of hyaline droplet nephropathy. In contrast, neither kidney tumors nor the associated
A Falk et al.
British journal of industrial medicine, 47(1), 62-64 (1990-01-01)
The liquid/air partition coefficients of four common terpenes, alpha-pinene, beta-pinene, 3-carene, and limonene, have been determined in vitro using head space technique. The liquids used were water, human blood, and olive oil. alpha-Pinene, beta-pinene, and 3-carene were practically insoluble in
P A Cornwell et al.
The Journal of pharmacy and pharmacology, 46(12), 938-950 (1994-12-01)
Wide-angle X-ray-diffraction experiments were used to investigate the molecular organization of barrier components of human stratum corneum. Diffraction lines related to the side-by-side lipid packing arrangements in the intercellular bilayers were identified as were patterns arising from secondary protein structures
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