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Sharadvi Thati et al.
Journal of pharmaceutical sciences, 104(2), 714-721 (2014-12-03)
Soluble antigen arrays (SAgAs) were developed for treating mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), a mouse model of multiple sclerosis. SAgAs are composed of hyaluronan with grafted EAE antigen and LABL peptide (a ligand of ICAM-1). SAgA dose was tested
Sagar V Chhabria et al.
Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death, 20(10), 1388-1409 (2015-08-20)
Allicin, an extremely active constituent of freshly crushed garlic, is produced upon reaction of substrate alliin with the enzyme alliinase (EC 4.4.1.4). Allicin has been shown to be toxic to several mammalian cells in vitro in a dose-dependent manner. In
A Basic et al.
Anaerobe, 35(Pt A), 21-27 (2014-10-05)
Periodontitis is a polymicrobial anaerobe infection. Little is known about the dysbiotic microbiota and the role of bacterial metabolites in the disease process. It is suggested that the production of certain waste products in the proteolytic metabolism may work as
Yi Zou et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 34(47), 15764-15778 (2014-11-21)
Rheb1 is an immediate early gene that functions to activate mammalian target of rapamycin (mTor) selectively in complex 1 (mTORC1). We have demonstrated previously that Rheb1 is essential for myelination in the CNS using a Nestin-Cre driver line that deletes
Akihiro Ishii et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 34(48), 16031-16045 (2014-11-28)
Oligodendrocytes form myelin during postnatal development and then maintain a functional myelin sheath throughout adult life. While many regulators of developmental myelination have been identified, the signal transduction mechanisms that regulate oligodendrocyte functions in adulthood are not well understood. The
H K Palliser et al.
Journal of developmental origins of health and disease, 6(4), 350-361 (2015-04-25)
Allopregnanolone protects the fetal brain and promotes normal development including myelination. Preterm birth results in the early separation of the infant from the placenta and consequently a decline in blood and brain allopregnanolone concentrations. Progesterone therapy may increase allopregnanolone and
Dominik Sakry et al.
PloS one, 10(5), e0127222-e0127222 (2015-05-13)
NG2 protein-expressing oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPC) are a persisting and major glial cell population in the adult mammalian brain. Direct synaptic innervation of OPC by neurons throughout the brain together with their ability to sense neuronal network activity raises the
Josephine M J Stoffels et al.
Glia, 63(2), 242-256 (2014-08-27)
Central nervous system remyelination by oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) ultimately fails in the majority of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Remyelination benefits from transient expression of factors that promote migration and proliferation of OPCs, which may include fibronectin (Fn). Fn is
Bogdan F G Popescu et al.
Neurology, 84(2), 148-158 (2014-12-17)
To assess, in a surgical biopsy cohort of active demyelinating lesions, the diagnostic utility of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) immunohistochemistry in identifying neuromyelitis optica (NMO) or NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and describe pathologic features that should prompt AQP4 immunohistochemical analysis and AQP4-immunoglobulin
Y Shi et al.
Pharmacology, biochemistry, and behavior, 126, 146-151 (2014-09-17)
N(6)-(3-methoxyl-4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside (B2) is an analog of N(6)-(4-hydroxybenzyl) adenine riboside (NHBA), which was originally isolated from Gastrodia elata Blume. Our laboratory has previously demonstrated that B2 can produce strong sedative and hypnotic effects, but the mechanism remains to be
Dawid Deszcz et al.
The FEBS journal, 282(13), 2512-2526 (2015-04-08)
We have analyzed the natural evolution of transaminase structure and sequence between an α-transaminase serine-pyruvate aminotransferase and an ω-transaminase from Chromobacterium violaceum with < 20% sequence identity, and identified the active-site regions that are least conserved structurally. We also show
Helena Maier et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(43), 14501-14516 (2015-10-30)
Canavan disease (CD) is a severe, lethal leukodystrophy caused by deficiency in aspartoacylase (ASPA), which hydrolyzes N-acetylaspartate (NAA). In the brains of CD patients, NAA accumulates to high millimolar concentrations. The pathology of the disease is characterized by loss of
Ashraf S A El-Sayed et al.
Biotechnology and applied biochemistry, 62(4), 514-522 (2014-10-03)
L-Homoalanine, a nonnatural amino acid that is rarely found in human and microorganisms, is used in the synthesis of various medically pivotal antiepileptic drugs and antituberculosis compounds. l-Homoalanine can be synthesized by different enzymatic approaches. In this article, the synthesis
Ao Zhang et al.
The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience, 35(5), 2246-2254 (2015-02-06)
Rapid nerve conduction in myelinated nerves requires the clustering of voltage-gated sodium channels at nodes of Ranvier. The Neurofascin (Nfasc) gene has a unique role in node formation because it encodes glial and neuronal isoforms of neurofascin (Nfasc155 and Nfasc186
Sabine Pfeifenbring et al.
Journal of neuropathology and experimental neurology, 74(8), 756-766 (2015-06-27)
Remyelination capacity decreases with age in adult mice, but data comparing remyelination capacity after toxic demyelination in developing mice versus adult mice are not available. We treated 3-week-old and adult C57BL/6 mice with cuprizone for 1 to 5 weeks and
Sajin Bae et al.
Cancer research, 74(24), 7442-7452 (2014-10-23)
Few studies have examined associations between plasma choline metabolites and risk of colorectal cancer. Therefore, we investigated associations between plasma biomarkers of choline metabolism [choline, betaine, dimethylglycine, and trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO)] and colorectal cancer risk among postmenopausal women in a
Yanfei Zhang et al.
Microbial cell factories, 14, 86-86 (2015-06-14)
The overexpression of key enzymes in a metabolic pathway is a frequently used genetic engineering strategy for strain improvement. Metabolic control analysis has been proposed to quantitatively determine key enzymes. However, the lack of quality data often makes it difficult
Trina Das et al.
The Journal of general virology, 96(Pt 2), 294-310 (2014-10-30)
Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) has recently affected millions of people in the Indian Ocean, with rare cases of encephalopathy and encephalitis occurring in neonates. In the study described herein, the capacity of mouse brain cells to control infection through innate immune
Fabrizio Angius et al.
The new microbiologica, 38(2), 259-266 (2015-05-06)
The bacterial species Streptococcus mutans is known as the main cause of dental caries in humans. Therefore, much effort has focused on preventing oral colonization by this strain or clearing it from oral tissues. The oral cavity is colonized by
Hydrogen sulfide accelerates the recovery of kidney tubules after renal ischemia/reperfusion injury.
Sang Jun Han et al.
Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 30(9), 1497-1506 (2015-07-05)
Progression of acute kidney injury to chronic kidney disease (CKD) is associated with inadequate recovery of damaged kidney. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) regulates a variety of cellular signals involved in cell death, differentiation and proliferation. This study aimed to identify the
Anthony G Dodge et al.
Applied and environmental microbiology, 81(5), 1610-1615 (2014-12-21)
Abrin is a toxic protein produced by the ornamental plant Abrus precatorius, and it is of concern as a biothreat agent. The small coextracting molecule N-methyl-l-tryptophan (l-abrine) is specific to members of the genus Abrus and thus can be used
Gelareh Vakilzadeh et al.
Molecular neurobiology, 52(1), 130-141 (2014-08-17)
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that leads to neuronal cell loss. Cyclic AMP and its analogs are well known to decrease inflammation and apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the effects of bucladesine, a cell-permeable analogue
Johan Puts et al.
PloS one, 10(7), e0132018-e0132018 (2015-07-03)
Vitamin B1 (thiamine-diphosphate) and B6 (pyridoxal-5'phosphate) are micronutrients. Analysis of these micronutrients is important to diagnose potential deficiency which often occurs in elderly people due to malnutrition, in severe alcoholism and in gastrointestinal compromise due to bypass surgery or disease.
Shashi Gandhi et al.
Experimental parasitology, 149, 16-23 (2014-12-17)
Serine hydroxymethyltransferase belongs to the class of pyridoxal-5-phosphate enzymes along with aspartate aminotransferase. To explore the function of residue(s) involved in binding of the carboxylate group of Tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) to L. donovani cytosolic serine hydroxymethyltransferase (LdcSHMT), the gene was
Ewa Papuć et al.
Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD, 48(1), 115-121 (2015-09-25)
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is known to exhibit well characterized pathologies including the extracellular accumulation of amyloid plaques, intra-axonal presence of neurofibrillary tangles, and glial hypertrophy. Nevertheless, the nature of myelin pathology in AD has not been well studied. Recent studies
Kira A Watkins et al.
International journal of pharmaceutics, 478(2), 496-503 (2014-12-10)
Hydrogels synthesized from poly(l-lysine isophthalamide) (PLP) crosslinked with l-lysine methyl ester were investigated as drug delivery systems for a wide size range of molecules (0.3-2000kDa). PLP is an anionic, pseudo-peptidic polymer that is an ideal hydrogel backbone due to its
Laura K Mackay et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 194(5), 2059-2063 (2015-01-28)
Tissue-resident memory T cells provide local immune protection in barrier tissues, such as skin and mucosa. However, the molecular mechanisms controlling effector T cell retention and subsequent memory formation in those locations are not fully understood. In this study, we
Martin G Peverelli et al.
Biochimie, 115, 78-85 (2015-05-20)
Diaminopimelate decarboxylase (DAPDC) catalyzes the conversion of meso-DAP to lysine and carbon dioxide in the final step of the diaminopimelate (DAP) pathway in plants and bacteria. Given its absence in humans, DAPDC is a promising antibacterial target, particularly considering the
Jun Araki et al.
Transplantation, 99(4), 687-692 (2015-01-22)
For managing major limb amputation, it is important to consider ischemic time and reperfusion injury by free radicals after the blood supply is reestablished. State of preservation during transplant surgery is crucial for the survival and function of the tissue
Hyun Kyoung Lee et al.
Glia, 63(10), 1840-1849 (2015-05-07)
Wnt signaling plays an essential role in developmental and regenerative myelination of the CNS, therefore it is critical to understand how the factors associated with the various regulatory layers of this complex pathway contribute to these processes. Recently, Apcdd1 was
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