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55465-u
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Evanna L Mills et al.
Nature, 556(7699), 113-117 (2018-03-29)
The endogenous metabolite itaconate has recently emerged as a regulator of macrophage function, but its precise mechanism of action remains poorly understood. Here we show that itaconate is required for the activation of the anti-inflammatory transcription factor Nrf2 (also known
Di Wu et al.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 115(35), 8763-8768 (2018-08-17)
Altered glycosylation patterns of plasma proteins are associated with autoimmune disorders and pathogenesis of various cancers. Elucidating glycoprotein microheterogeneity and relating subtle changes in the glycan structural repertoire to changes in protein-protein, or protein-small molecule interactions, remains a significant challenge
Heng Liang Tan et al.
Scientific reports, 8(1), 11608-11608 (2018-08-04)
Monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) are used as targeted therapies against cancers. These mAbs kill cancer cells via various mechanisms of actions. In this study, human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) was used as the immunogen to generate a panel of antibodies. From
Jarod A Zepp et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 199(11), 3849-3857 (2017-10-27)
This study identifies a novel mechanism linking IL-17A with colon tissue repair and tumor development. Abrogation of IL-17A signaling in mice attenuated tissue repair of dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced damage in colon epithelium and markedly reduced tumor development in an
Kazuyuki Kasahara et al.
Nature microbiology, 3(12), 1461-1471 (2018-11-07)
Humans with metabolic and inflammatory diseases frequently harbour lower levels of butyrate-producing bacteria in their gut. However, it is not known whether variation in the levels of these organisms is causally linked with disease development and whether diet modifies the
Haley Shelley et al.
AAPS PharmSciTech, 19(6), 2554-2563 (2018-06-28)
Nepafenac is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID), currently only available as 0.1% ophthalmic suspension (Nevanac®). This study utilized hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HPBCD) to increase the water solubility and trans-corneal permeation of nepafenac. The nepafenac-HPBCD complexation in the liquid and solid states were
Meghali Nighot et al.
The American journal of pathology, 187(12), 2698-2710 (2017-11-22)
Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are a major component of the Gram-negative bacterial cell wall and play an important role in mediating intestinal inflammatory responses in inflammatory bowel disease. Although recent studies suggested that physiologically relevant concentrations of LPS (0 to 1 ng/mL)
Site-Specific Glycosylation of Virion-Derived HIV-1 Env Is Mimicked by a Soluble Trimeric Immunogen.
Weston B Struwe et al.
Cell reports, 24(8), 1958-1966 (2018-08-23)
Many broadly neutralizing antibodies (bnAbs) against HIV-1 recognize and/or penetrate the glycan shield on native, virion-associated envelope glycoprotein (Env) spikes. The same bnAbs also bind to recombinant, soluble trimeric immunogens based on the SOSIP design. While SOSIP trimers are close
Tongqing Zhou et al.
Immunity, 48(3), 500-513 (2018-03-20)
Virtually the entire surface of the HIV-1-envelope trimer is recognized by neutralizing antibodies, except for a highly glycosylated region at the center of the "silent face" on the gp120 subunit. From an HIV-1-infected donor, #74, we identified antibody VRC-PG05, which
Seok-Ho Yu et al.
The Journal of biological chemistry, 293(37), 14534-14544 (2018-07-28)
Deficiency in subunits of the conserved oligomeric Golgi (COG) complex results in pleiotropic defects in glycosylation and causes congenital disorders in humans. Insight regarding the functional consequences of this defective glycosylation and the identity of specific glycoproteins affected is lacking.
Qingxin Cui et al.
Frontiers in pharmacology, 9, 948-948 (2018-09-07)
Purpose: Understanding the distribution and interaction of the Traditional Chinese Medicines (TCMs) is an integral source of herbal drug discovery. An optimized radio-labeled method was explored that could conduct in situ biodistribution studies in animals. We evaluated the feasibility of
Hsin-Yuan Chen et al.
Cellular physiology and biochemistry : international journal of experimental cellular physiology, biochemistry, and pharmacology, 49(5), 1970-1986 (2018-09-21)
Uterine leiomyomas (ULs) are benign uterine tumors, and the most notable pathophysiologic feature of ULs is excessive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM). Fucoidan is a polysaccharide extracted from brown seaweeds that has a wide range of pharmacological properties, including anti-fibrotic
Hiroaki Tateno et al.
Regenerative therapy, 6, 1-8 (2017-01-26)
Human pluripotent stem cells are considered to be ideal cell sources for regenerative medicine, but their clinical and industrial application is hindered by their tumorigenic potential. Previously we have identified a pluripotent stem cell-specific lectin rBC2LCN recognizing podocalyxin as a
Chiara Setti et al.
European journal of pharmaceutics and biopharmaceutics : official journal of Arbeitsgemeinschaft fur Pharmazeutische Verfahrenstechnik e.V, 130, 71-82 (2018-06-22)
Emulsions are known to be effective carriers of hydrophobic drugs, and particularly injectable emulsions have been successfully implemented for in vivo controlled drug release. Recently, high internal phase emulsions have also been used to produce porous polymeric templates for pharmaceutical
Liwei Cao et al.
Nature protocols, 13(6), 1196-1212 (2018-05-05)
N-glycans contribute to the folding, stability and functions of the proteins they decorate. They are produced by transfer of the glycan precursor to the sequon Asn-X-Thr/Ser, followed by enzymatic trimming to a high-mannose-type core and sequential addition of monosaccharides to
Hoangdung Ho et al.
Nature, 557(7704), 196-201 (2018-05-04)
The movement of core-lipopolysaccharide across the inner membrane of Gram-negative bacteria is catalysed by an essential ATP-binding cassette transporter, MsbA. Recent structures of MsbA and related transporters have provided insights into the molecular basis of active lipid transport; however, structural
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