Comparison of TiO2 nanoparticle and graphene-TiO2 nanoparticle composite phototoxicity to Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes.

Comparison of TiO2 nanoparticle and graphene-TiO2 nanoparticle composite phototoxicity to Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes.

Chemosphere (2014-07-23)

Shibin Li, Xuan Pan, Lindsay K Wallis, Zhaoyang Fan, ZuLiang Chen, Stephen A Diamond

ABSTRACT

With a dramatic rise in complexity, needs of nanotoxicology research go beyond simple forms of nanomaterials. This study compared the phototoxicity of nano-TiO2 and graphene-TiO2 nanocomposite (GNP). GNP was synthesized based on a hydrothermal method, which simultaneously performed the reduction of graphene oxide and nano-TiO2 loading. A series of acute toxicity tests of nano-TiO2, graphene and GNP was performed on two aquatic organisms, Daphnia magna and Oryzias latipes. Fast and substantial agglomeration and sedimentation of nanoparticles in test media and surface attachment of nano-TiO2 and GNP on D. magna surface was observed. Similar phototoxicity of nano-TiO2 and GNP for both species existed, though compared with nano-TiO2, GNP had a 2.3-fold increase in visible light photocatalytic ROS generation. In summary, this study demonstrated the significance of illumination spectrum, particle behavior, and species sensitivity on nanophototoxicity, and the needs for research on increasingly sophisticated functional materials.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

700347

Sigma-Aldrich

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266035

Sigma-Aldrich

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348848

Sigma-Aldrich

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248576

Sigma-Aldrich

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267902

Sigma-Aldrich

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369489

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IRMM531B

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224227

Sigma-Aldrich

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204757

Sigma-Aldrich

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204730

Sigma-Aldrich

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232033

Sigma-Aldrich

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305812

Sigma-Aldrich

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460400

Sigma-Aldrich

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Sigma-Aldrich

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496553

Sigma-Aldrich

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Sigma-Aldrich

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637262

Sigma-Aldrich

Titanium(IV) oxide, rutile, nanopowder, <100 nm particle size, 99.5% trace metals basis

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Titanium, rod, 100mm, diameter 9.5mm, annealed, 99.99+%

GF31127712

Titanium, rod, 10mm, diameter 50mm, 99.99+%

GF66991179

Titanium, rod, 100mm, diameter 2mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF54978249

Titanium, rod, 200mm, diameter 4mm, annealed, 99.6+%

GF50171318

Titanium, rod, 25mm, diameter 16mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF61322699

Titanium, rod, 100mm, diameter 2mm, annealed, 99.6+%

GF05925281

Titanium, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.1μm, specific density 42.8μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.6+%

GF64061760

Titanium, rod, 1000mm, diameter 16mm, annealed, 99.6+%

GF89377701

Titanium, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 25.4mm, inside diameter 23.62mm, wall thickness 0.89mm, annealed, 99.6+%

GF42959661

Titanium, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 10mm, inside diameter 8mm, wall thickness 1.0mm, annealed, 99.6+%

GF62676759

Titanium, rod, 200mm, diameter 2mm, as drawn, 99.99+%

GF54883581

Titanium, rod, 1000mm, diameter 3.0mm, annealed, 99.6+%