Tungsten toxicity.

Tungsten toxicity.

Chemico-biological interactions (2011-12-21)

Mark L Witten, Paul R Sheppard, Brandon L Witten

ABSTRACT

There is emerging evidence that tungsten has toxic health effects. We summarize the recent tungsten toxicity research in this short review. Tungsten is widely used in many commercial and military applications because it has the second highest melting temperature of any element. Consequently, it is important to elucidate the potential health effects of tungsten.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

357197

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.127 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

357421

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, powder, ≤10 μm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

267554

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, wire, diam. 0.25 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

357189

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, foil, thickness 0.5 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

356972

Sigma-Aldrich

Tungsten, wire, diam. 0.5 mm, ≥99.9% trace metals basis

GF57428804

Tungsten, rod, 1000mm, diameter 4.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF42723907

Tungsten, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.175mm, clean, 99.95%

GF92514708

Tungsten, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.5mm, clean, 99.95%

GF73117616

Tungsten, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.1mm, gold plated, 99.95%

GF43234848

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.38mm, clean, 99.95%

GF37727163

Tungsten, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.005mm, gold plated, 99.95%

GF15677477

Tungsten, wire reel, 10m, diameter 0.6mm, clean, 99.95%

GF00045740

Tungsten, rod, 1000mm, diameter 6.35mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF61165403

Tungsten, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.1mm, clean, 99.95%

GF38277478

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 6.35mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF95072351

Tungsten, wire reel, 100m, diameter 0.02mm, gold plated, 99.95%

GF49624757

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 4.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF48783976

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 3.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF46585817

Tungsten, microfoil, disks, 25mm, thinness 0.25μm, specific density 474μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.95%

GF51923145

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 16mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF64262033

Tungsten, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF22706210

Tungsten, rod, 1000mm, diameter 5.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF90763072

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 16mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF07999813

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 2.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF03094871

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 4.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF36981647

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 5.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF85410660

Tungsten, rod, 200mm, diameter 12.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF99976572

Tungsten, rod, 1000mm, diameter 2.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF01295502

Tungsten, rod, 100mm, diameter 20.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%

GF38415023

Tungsten, rod, 500mm, diameter 10.0mm, centerless ground, 99.95%