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L3024

Sigma-Aldrich

Lipopolysaccharides from Escherichia coli O111:B4

purified by ion-exchange chromatography, TLR ligand tested

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Synonym(s):
LPS
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352201
NACRES:
NA.25

biological source

Escherichia coli (O111:B4)

Quality Level

form

lyophilized powder

purified by

ion-exchange chromatography

impurities

<1% Protein
<1% RNA

color

white to yellow cast

solubility

water: soluble

shipped in

ambient

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

This product is extracted from E. coli serotype O111:B4 and purified by ion exchange. The source strain is from a private collection. This LPS serotype has been used to stimulate B-cells and induce NOS in human hepatocytes.

Application

Lipopolysaccharides (LPSs) are characteristic components of the cell wall of Gram-negative bacteria. LPS and its lipid A moiety stimulate cells of the innate immune system by the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), a member of the Toll-like receptor protein family, which recognizes common pathogen-associated molecular-patterns (PAMPs).

Biochem/physiol Actions

Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are localized in the outer layer of the membrane and are, in noncapsulated strains, exposed on the cell surface. They contribute to the integrity of the outer membrane, and protect the cell against the action of bile salts and lipophilic antibiotics.

Preparation Note

The product is soluble in water (5 mg/mL) or cell culture medium (1 mg/mL) yielding a hazy, faint yellow solution. A more concentrated, though still hazy, solution (20 mg/mL) has been achieved in aqueous saline after vortexing and warming to 70-80 °C. Lipopolysaccharides are molecules that form micelles in every solvent. Hazy solutions are observed in water and phosphate buffered saline. Organic solvents do not give clearer solutions. Methanol yields a turbid suspension with floaters, while water yields a homogeneously hazy solution.

Other Notes

To gain a comprehensive understanding of our extensive range of Lipopolysaccharides for your research, we encourage you to visit our Carbohydrates Category page.

Pictograms

Skull and crossbones

Signal Word

Danger

Hazard Statements

Hazard Classifications

Acute Tox. 2 Oral

WGK

WGK 3

Flash Point(F)

Not applicable

Flash Point(C)

Not applicable

Personal Protective Equipment

dust mask type N95 (US), Eyeshields, Gloves

Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Search for Certificates of Analysis (COA) by entering the products Lot/Batch Number. Lot and Batch Numbers can be found on a product’s label following the words ‘Lot’ or ‘Batch’.

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F T Silvestre et al.
Journal of dairy science, 94(5), 2285-2301 (2011-04-29)
The objectives were to evaluate the effects of differential supplementation of Ca salts (CS) of fatty acids (FA) on plasma acute phase proteins and both FA composition and function (i.e., activity and cytokine production) of neutrophils, during the peripartum and
Yoshitomo Hayama et al.
Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 200(11), 3790-3800 (2018-04-25)
Amino acid metabolism plays important roles in innate immune cells, including macrophages. Recently, we reported that a lysosomal adaptor protein, Lamtor1, which serves as the scaffold for amino acid-activated mechanistic target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1), is critical for the
Carl-Fredrik Johnzon et al.
Frontiers in immunology, 9, 1487-1487 (2018-07-11)
Mastitis is an inflammatory condition of the mammary tissue and represents a major problem for the dairy industry worldwide. The present study was undertaken to study how experimentally induced acute bovine mastitis affects inflammatory parameters and changes in the metabolome.
Sharon Elazar et al.
Veterinary research, 41(1), 10-10 (2009-10-16)
Mastitis, inflammation of the mammary tissue, is a common disease in dairy animals and mammary pathogenic Escherichia coli (MPEC) is a leading cause of the disease. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an important virulence factor of MPEC and inoculation of the mammary
Zvonimir Vrselja et al.
Nature, 568(7752), 336-343 (2019-04-19)
The brains of humans and other mammals are highly vulnerable to interruptions in blood flow and decreases in oxygen levels. Here we describe the restoration and maintenance of microcirculation and molecular and cellular functions of the intact pig brain under

Articles

Explore the structure, function, and diverse applications of Lipopolysaccharides. Discover their role in bacteria, serological specificity, and research potential.

Related Content

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is a major component of Gram-negative bacteria, important for microbiological research.

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