[ข้ามไปยังเนื้อหา](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com#main-content) [](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/th) สินค้า รถเข็น0 THTH สินค้า ผลิตภัณฑ์การใช้งานบริการทรัพยากรการสนับสนุน [เข้าสู่ระบบ / ลงทะเบียน](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/oidc-sign-in) [ค้นหาคำสั่งซื้อ](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/th/order-lookup) [สั่งซื้อด่วน](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/th/quick-order) รถเข็น0 [Home](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en)[Applications](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/applications)Microelectronics & Nanoelectronics # Microelectronics & Nanoelectronics  Microelectronics and nanoelectronics are subfields of electronics in which the nominal feature sizes of electronic components are between 100 and 0.1 micrometers in magnitude (microelectronics) or 100 nanometers or smaller (nanoelectronics). The memory storage power of today’s advanced electronic devices has been achieved by significantly increasing the density of microchips. 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Since this was projected in 1965, semiconductor fabrication technology sustained this rate of advancement and revolutionized the industry. However, pace of dimension reduction is slowing, and the key challenge in fabricating electronic components in the sub-micrometer range is the design of the transistor gate, which controls the current flow in the channel. The smaller electronic components are, the more challenging they become to manufacture. Physical and quantum effects alter materials’ properties from a macroscale to a nanoscale, influencing inter-atomic interactions and quantum mechanical properties. The arrival of innovative materials, carbon nanotubes, boron nitride nanotubes, quantum dots, and graphene additives, have advanced the minimization of nanotechnology and microtechnology. These and other new materials can be shaped and manipulated with extraordinary precision at the tiniest of scales. Novel technologies enable the deposition and layering of electronic materials with precise thickness, even down to the atomic level. Thin-film semiconductor device fabrication technology uses conducting, semiconducting, and insulating materials to deliver advanced capabilities at high volumes and very low cost. Modern manufacturing methods for nanoelectronics include patterning (lithography), etching, thin film deposition, and doping techniques. Emerging research fields focus on new approaches in nanotechnology and quantum mechanical effects. Molecular electronics uses single molecules as electronic components to establish electrical contact with bulk-sized electrodes. Spintronics, or spin-transport electronics, manipulates electrons’ spin property with magnetic and electric fields, resulting in a spin-polarized current that provides higher data transfer speeds and greater storage capacity, memory density and processing power than is possible with electric charge alone. 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[Find Documents](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/documents-search) ## Related Articles - [Graphene in Biotechnology](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/bioelectronics/graphene-in-biotechnology) Graphene is the building block for carbon nanomaterials with different dimensionalities. - [Single-Double Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/microelectronics-and-nanoelectronics/single-double-multi-walled-carbon-nanotubes) Find unique properties & applications of single (SWNTs) , double (DWNTs) & multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). - [Graphene Oxide & Reduced Graphene Oxide Applications](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/microelectronics-and-nanoelectronics/applications-of-graphene-oxide-and-reduced-graphene-oxide) Graphene oxide, a monomolecular layer of graphite with oxygen functionalities, holds unique properties valuable for various applications in materials science. - [Materials for Advanced Thermoelectrics](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/microelectronics-and-nanoelectronics/thermoelectrics) Thermoelectric materials comprise a wide range of solid compounds distinguished by their ability to convert thermal and electrical energy. - [AISF: A Solid Alternative to Sulfuryl Fluoride Gas](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/chemistry-and-synthesis/fluorination/stable-alternative-aisf) ASIF provides bench-stable alternative to sulfuryl fluoride gas for installing SO2F functional group in organic synthesis. - [See All (54)](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/search/facet-search?focus=sitecontent&term=facet-search) ## Related Protocols - [Washing Microparticles](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/protocol/cell-culture-and-cell-culture-analysis/washing-microparticles) Microparticles protocol for washing particles may be done via centrifugation. This procedure must be performed carefully. - [Single-walled Carbon Nanotubes: Exfoliation and Debundling Procedure](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/protocol/materials-science-and-engineering/microelectronics-and-nanoelectronics/single-walled-carbon-nanotubes-exfoliation-debundling-procedure) Surfactant-assisted dispersion of single-walled carbon nanotubes for debundling or exfoliation in dispersion procedures. - [Preparing Self-Assembled Monolayers](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/protocol/materials-science-and-engineering/organic-electronics/preparing-self-assembled) SAMs are versatile surface coatings for chemical resistance, bio-compatibility, sensitization, and molecular recognition for sensors and nano fabrication. - [See All (2)](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/search/facet-search?focus=sitecontent&term=facet-search) ### Find More Articles and Protocols Enter Keywords Search ## How Can We Help In case of any questions, please submit a [customer support request](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/support/customer-support) or talk to our customer service team: Email [custserv@sial.com](mailto:custserv@sial.com) or call +1 (800) 244-1173 ## Additional Support - [Chromatogram Search](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/chromatogram-search) Use the Chromatogram Search to identify unknown compounds in your sample. - [Calculators & Apps](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/support/calculators-and-apps) Web Toolbox - science research tools and resources for analytical chemistry, life science, chemical synthesis and materials science. - [Customer Support Request](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/support/customer-support) Customer support including help with orders, products, accounts, and website technical issues. - [FAQ](https://maestro.my.site.com/knowledgeportal/s/) Explore our Frequently Asked Questions for answers to commonly asked questions about our products and services. * * * __Featured Articles__ [Graphene in Biotechnology](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/bioelectronics/graphene-in-biotechnology) Graphene is the building block for carbon nanomaterials with different dimensionalities. [Single-Double Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/microelectronics-and-nanoelectronics/single-double-multi-walled-carbon-nanotubes) Find unique properties & applications of single (SWNTs) , double (DWNTs) & multi walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs). [Graphene Oxide & Reduced Graphene Oxide Applications](https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/TH/en/technical-documents/technical-article/materials-science-and-engineering/microelectronics-and-nanoelectronics/applications-of-graphene-oxide-and-reduced-graphene-oxide) Graphene oxide, a monomolecular layer of graphite with oxygen functionalities, holds unique properties valuable for various applications in materials science. 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