This product is a neat or pure liquid that has not been diluted in a solvent. This material has a molecular weight of 221.37, a density of 0.946 g/mL, and a minimum purity of 99%. The molarity may range from 4.23M to 4.27M. This material is soluble in water.
440140
(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane
99%
(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane
Synonym(s):
3-Triethoxysilylpropylamine, APTES, APTS
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About This Item
Linear Formula:
H2N(CH2)3Si(OC2H5)3
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
221.37
UNSPSC Code:
12352103
NACRES:
NA.23
PubChem Substance ID:
EC Number:
213-048-4
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1754988
MDL number:
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InChI key
WYTZZXDRDKSJID-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
1S/C9H23NO3Si/c1-4-11-14(12-5-2,13-6-3)9-7-8-10/h4-10H2,1-3H3
SMILES string
CCO[Si](CCCN)(OCC)OCC
assay
99%
form
liquid
bp
217 °C/760 mmHg (lit.)
Quality Level
density
0.946 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
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1 of 4
This Item | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| form liquid | form liquid | form liquid | form liquid |
| assay 99% | assay ≥98.0% | assay ≥98% | assay ≥98% |
| density 0.946 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) | density 0.929 g/mL at 25 °C, 0.946 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) | density 0.946 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) | density 0.946 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.) |
| bp 217 °C/760 mmHg (lit.) | bp 217 °C/760 mmHg (lit.) | bp 217 °C/760 mmHg (lit.) | bp 217 °C/760 mmHg (lit.) |
| Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 100 | Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 100 |
General description
(3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane (APTES) is a premium, high-purity aminosilane used to deposit stable Self-Assembled Monolayers (SAMs) on silica, metal oxides, and graphene. Its triethoxy structure allows for slower, more controlled hydrolysis compared to methoxysilanes, facilitating the formation of uniform, reproducible molecular layers. Critically for life science research, APTES releases ethanol rather than methanol during silanization, making it the preferred reagent for functionalizing surfaces intended for live-cell interfaces and clinical diagnostics. This 99% high-purity grade is engineered to provide a high density of reactive ethoxy groups for robust covalent anchoring while eliminating the trace impurities that act as charge traps or non-specific binding sites, thereby preventing the critical performance failures in OFETs and nanosensors that standard-grade silanes often cause.
Application
As a biocompatible molecular bridge, APTES is essential for engineering intelligent interfaces and stimuli-responsive systems that enable precise interactions at the intersection of nanotechnology, biology, and electronics.
• Biocompatible Drug Delivery: Preferred for coating Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) and magnetic nanocarriers intended for in vivo use, ensuring minimal cytotoxicity during the functionalization process.
• Advanced Histology & Imaging: Used to prepare positively charged microscope slides that enhance the adhesion of tissue sections and cells for complex immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) procedures.
• Nano-Biosensors: Facilitates the immobilization of DNA and proteins onto graphene-based field-effect transistors (GFETs) and fiber-optic sensors for ultra-sensitive pathogen and biomarker detection.
• Regenerative Medicine: Surface-modifies hollow microcarriers (HMCs) and 3D-scaffolds to promote cell attachment and proliferation in tissue engineering and biopharmaceutical production.
• Organic Electronics (OFETs): Serves as an interfacial modifier to improve the electrical contact between graphene flakes and metal electrodes, as well as passivating gate dielectrics in flexible electronic devices.
• Gene Vector Engineering: Enables the synthesis of monodispersed, soluble DNA-nanodiamond conjugates and other cationic vectors for non-viral gene transfection.
• Biocompatible Drug Delivery: Preferred for coating Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles (MSNs) and magnetic nanocarriers intended for in vivo use, ensuring minimal cytotoxicity during the functionalization process.
• Advanced Histology & Imaging: Used to prepare positively charged microscope slides that enhance the adhesion of tissue sections and cells for complex immunohistochemical (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) procedures.
• Nano-Biosensors: Facilitates the immobilization of DNA and proteins onto graphene-based field-effect transistors (GFETs) and fiber-optic sensors for ultra-sensitive pathogen and biomarker detection.
• Regenerative Medicine: Surface-modifies hollow microcarriers (HMCs) and 3D-scaffolds to promote cell attachment and proliferation in tissue engineering and biopharmaceutical production.
• Organic Electronics (OFETs): Serves as an interfacial modifier to improve the electrical contact between graphene flakes and metal electrodes, as well as passivating gate dielectrics in flexible electronic devices.
• Gene Vector Engineering: Enables the synthesis of monodispersed, soluble DNA-nanodiamond conjugates and other cationic vectors for non-viral gene transfection.
signalword
Danger
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Skin Corr. 1B - Skin Sens. 1
Storage Class
8A - Combustible corrosive hazardous materials
wgk
WGK 1
flash_point_f
199.4 °F - closed cup
flash_point_c
93 °C - closed cup
ppe
Faceshields, Gloves, Goggles, type ABEK (EN14387) respirator filter
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Effect of divalent versus monovalent cations on the MS2 retention capacity of amino-functionalized ceramic filters.
Bartels J, et al.
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics, 20(16), 11215-11223 (2018)
Platinum nanoparticles homogenously decorating multilayered reduced graphene oxide for electrical nanobiosensor applications.
Proa-Coronado, et al.
Thin Solid Films, 658(1), 54-60 (2018)
Functionalisation of Detonation Nanodiamond for Monodispersed, Soluble DNA-Nanodiamond Conjugates Using Mixed Silane Bead-Assisted Sonication Disintegration.
Edgington, et al.
Scientific Reports, 8(1), 728-728 (2018)
Hollow microcarriers for large-scale expansion of anchorage-dependent cells in a stirred bioreactor.
YekrangSafakar, et al.
Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 115(7), 1717-1728 (2018)
Polymer International, 55, 1277-1277 (2006)
Articles
Professor Aran discusses engineering graphene-based materials through careful functionalization, enabling diverse applications.
Explore self-assembled monolayers for advanced surface engineering in electronics, biomedicine, and nanocomposites.
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Is Product 440140 dissolved in Acetone?
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How can I determine the shelf life / expiration / retest date of this product?
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If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/418/501/product-dating-information-06-25-mk.pdfHelpful?
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Do you have any indications of what mass proportion I should use so that functionalization occurs between 3-APTES and an inorganic material, such as graphite?
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Typically, a mass proportion of 1-2 wt% of APTES is recommended for effective functionalization. However, please note that APTES may not effectively bind to pristine graphite, and surface modification of the graphite may be necessary to enhance the functionalization process.
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Kann APTES eine dauerhafte chemische Bindung mit der Oberfläche von fused silica eingehen? Falls ja, durch welchen Mechanismus erfolgt die Anbindung an das Siliziumdioxid? Wir möchten es als Haftvermittler für eine CYTOP-Beschichtung verwenden.
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Yes, APTES can bond with fused silica. Fused silica, like silica gel, has hydroxyl (–OH) groups on its surface. When APTES is introduced to the fused silica surface, it undergoes hydrolysis. The ethoxy groups (–OEt) in APTES react with water, forming silanol groups (–Si–OH). The newly formed silanol groups can then react with the hydroxyl groups on the fused silica surface. This reaction leads to the formation of siloxane bonds (–Si–O–Si–), resulting in a covalent attachment of APTES to the fused silica.
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How is shipping temperature determined? And how is it related to the product storage temperature?
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Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf
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what is the minimum coverage of this silane (m2/g)?
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Unfortunately, there is no information on the minimum coverage of this material. It would depend on the coating method, including solvent, temperature, etc.
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Can this product be used to silanize a surface by using silane deposition via gas-phase evaporation?
1 answer-
This material has not been tested for use in silane deposition. APTES is referenced in the literature frequently in the vapor phase deposition of biosensors. The suitability would have to be determined experimentally.
Please see the links below to review examples of this process:
https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/13/1/36
https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.langmuir.8b01044Helpful?
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Does this solution have an expiry date?
1 answer-
This product is assigned an expiration date of 2 years from the quality release date. Expiration dates are lot specific and printed on the label as well as the Certificate of Analysis. Please see the link below to review a sample Certificate of Analysis: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/certificates/sapfs/PROD/sap/certificate_pdfs/COFA/Q14/440140-BULKMKCT8021.pdf
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What is the refractive index of Product 440140, APTES (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane)?
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According to our supplier the refractive index is 1.420.
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What is Product 440140, APTES (3-Aminopropyl)triethoxysilane) soluble in?
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This product is soluble in water.
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