P4005

Protamine

Name: Protamine
Brand: SIGMA
Price: 108 USD
Availability: InStock

solid

Synonym(s):

Protamine

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About This Item

CAS Number:

9012-00-4

UNSPSC Code:

12352202

NACRES:

NA.77

EC Number:

232-726-0

MDL number:

MFCD00132089

Key Documents

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Product Name

Protamine from salmon, Grade IV, Histone, free(Millon test)

biological source

fish (salmon)

type

Grade IV

form

solid

impurities

Histone, free (Millon test)

solubility

H₂O: soluble, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faintly yellow

storage temp.

−20°C

Quality Level

200

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1 of 4

This Item	P4020	P4380	P3880
Sigma-Aldrich P4005 Protamine from salmon	Sigma-Aldrich P4020 Protamine sulfate salt from salmon	Sigma-Aldrich P4380 Protamine sulfate salt from salmon	Sigma-Aldrich P3880 Protamine chloride from salmon
biological source fish (salmon)	biological source -	biological source fish (salmon)	biological source fish (salmon)
Quality Level 200	Quality Level 200	Quality Level 200	Quality Level 200
form solid	form amorphous powder	form powder	form solid
storage temp. −20°C	storage temp. -	storage temp. -	storage temp. −20°C
solubility H₂O: soluble, clear to slightly hazy, colorless to faintly yellow	solubility 6 M HCl: 25 mg/mL	solubility 6 M HCl: 25 mg/mL, clear, colorless to light yellow	solubility H₂O: soluble, clear
type Grade IV	type Grade X	type Grade II	type Grade V

Application

Protamine from salmon has been used to avoid in vitro AT complex formation in samples from dogs pre-treated with heparin.[1] It has also been used to study the influences of external potential on adsorption of various proteins to a metal surface.[2]

Biochem/physiol Actions

Protamine in the form of solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) promoted transfection with plasmid DNA more efficiently and with less cytotoxicity than comparable SLNs composed of Esterquat-1.[3]

Protamines are found to displace histones in DNA during spermatogenesis[4] in animals and plants.[5] Protamine is useful as a heparin neutralizer during heart surgery, dialysis and in many other clinical procedures.[6]

General description

Protamines are proteins rich in cysteine and arginine.[4] It possesses many phosphorylation sites. Salmon fish contains around 15 genes encoding protamine.[5] It is found to be localized to the sperm head.[6]

Storage Class

11 - Combustible Solids

wgk

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)

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Certificates of Analysis (COA)

Lot/Batch Number

0000474930

0000344271

111M7405V

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Intravascular inhibition of factor VIIa and the analogue NN1731 by antithrombin

Petersen LC, et al.

British Journal of Haematology, 152(1), 99-107 (2011)

DNA looping by protamine follows a nonuniform spatial distribution.

Ryan B McMillan et al.

Biophysical journal, 120(12), 2521-2531 (2021-05-24)

DNA looping plays an important role in cells in both regulating and protecting the genome. Often, studies of looping focus on looping by prokaryotic transcription factors like lac repressor or by structural maintenance of chromosomes proteins such as condensin. Here

Adsorption characteristics of various proteins on a metal surface in the presence of an external electric potential

Htwe EE, et al.

Colloids and Surfaces, B: Biointerfaces, 262-268 (2018)

Widespread displacement of DNA- and RNA-binding factors underlies toxicity of arginine-rich cell-penetrating peptides.

Vanesa Lafarga et al.

The EMBO journal, 40(13), e103311-e103311 (2021-05-13)

Due to their capability to transport chemicals or proteins into target cells, cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs) are being developed as therapy delivery tools. However, and despite their interesting properties, arginine-rich CPPs often show toxicity for reasons that remain poorly understood. Using

The preferential binding of histone H1 to DNA scaffold-associated regions is determined by its C-terminal domain.

Alicia Roque et al.

Nucleic acids research, 32(20), 6111-6119 (2004-11-25)

Histone H1 preferentially binds and aggregates scaffold-associated regions (SARs) via the numerous homopolymeric oligo(dA).oligo(dT) tracts present within these sequences. Here we show that the mammalian somatic subtypes H1a,b,c,d,e and H1 degrees and the male germline-specific subtype H1t, all preferentially bind

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Protamine