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X4875

Sigma-Aldrich

Xanthine Oxidase from bovine milk

Grade IV, ammonium sulfate suspension, ≥0.1 units/mg protein

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Synonym(s):
XOD, Xanthine:oxygen oxidoreductase
CAS Number:
Enzyme Commission number:
1.17.3.2.
EC Number:
MDL number:
UNSPSC Code:
12352204
NACRES:
NA.54

biological source

bovine milk

Quality Level

type

Grade IV

form

ammonium sulfate suspension

specific activity

≥0.1 units/mg protein

storage temp.

2-8°C

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General description

Research area: Cell CycleXanthineoxidase (XO) is a homodimer. It is made up of two sub-units each made up of onemolybdenum and two iron-sulphur (2Fe-2S) centers.
Formerly E.C. 1.1.3.22

Application

Xanthine Oxidase from bovine milk has been used in superoxide dismutaseactivity assay.Xanthine oxidase may be suitable for producing amperometric biosensors and designing-flavonoid-type inhibitors against XO for treating inflammatory diseases, gout, and hyperuricemia. It may also be used in the synthesis of superoxide because of aldehyde oxidation.

Biochem/physiol Actions

Although xanthine oxidase is found widely distributed in multiple tissues, it is highly expressed in endothelial and epithelial cells. Its expression was also increased in infected tissues where it was shown to have an anti-microbial effect due to its ability to generate reactive oxygen species. Xanthineoxidase plays an important role in catalyzing the hydroxylation ofhypoxanthine to Xanthine. Later, xanthine is converted to uric acid isexcreted by the kidneys.
Xanthine oxidase is a molybdenum-containing enzyme that is found in the cytosol, and may be strongly inhibited by flavonoids. It plays a vital role in the metabolism of some drugs, as well as purines and pyrimidines. It is also known to be a biological source of reactive oxygen species.

Unit Definition

One unit will convert 1.0 μmole of xanthine to uric acid per min at pH 7.5 at 25 °C. Approx. 50% of the activity is obtained with hypoxanthine as substrate.

Physical form

Suspension in 2.3 M (NH4)2SO4 containing 1 mM sodium salicylate

Analysis Note

Protein determined by biuret

pictograms

Health hazard

signalword

Danger

hcodes

Hazard Classifications

Resp. Sens. 1

wgk_germany

WGK 3

flash_point_f

Not applicable

flash_point_c

Not applicable

ppe

Eyeshields, Gloves, type N95 (US)


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Role of xanthine oxidoreductase as an antimicrobial agent.
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Articles

Instructions for working with enzymes supplied as ammonium sulfate suspensions

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