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  • Development of a microwave-assisted-extraction-based method for the determination of aflatoxins B1, G1, B2, and G2 in grains and grain products.

Development of a microwave-assisted-extraction-based method for the determination of aflatoxins B1, G1, B2, and G2 in grains and grain products.

Analytical and bioanalytical chemistry (2013-01-15)
Si Chen, Hong Zhang
ABSTRACT

This article describes the use of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) as a pretreatment technique for the determination of aflatoxins B(1), G(1), B(2), and G(2) in grains and grain products. The optimal operation parameters, including extraction solvent, temperature, and time, were identified to be acetonitrile as the extraction solvent at 80 °C with 15 min of MAE. The extracts were cleaned up using solid-phase extraction followed by derivatization with trifluoroacetic acid and were determined by liquid chromatography-fluorescence detection. A Sep-Pak cartridge was chosen over Oasis HLB and Bond Elut cartridges. By the use of aflatoxin M(1) as an internal standard, relative recoveries of the aflatoxins ranged from 90.7 to 105.7 % for corn and from 88.1 to 103.4 % for wheat, with relative standard deviations between 2.5 and 8.7 %. A total of 36 samples from local markets were analyzed, and aflatoxin B(1) was found to be the predominant toxin, with concentrations ranging from 0.42 to 3.41 μg/kg.

MATERIALS
Product Number
Brand
Product Description

Supelco
Aflatoxin G1 solution, 2 μg/mL in acetonitrile, analytical standard
Aflatoxin G2 solution, 3.80 μg/g in acetonitrile, ERM®, certified reference material
Aflatoxin B2 solution, 3.80 μg/g in acetonitrile, ERM®, certified reference material
Aflatoxin G1 solution, 3.78 μg/g in acetonitrile, ERM®, certified reference material
Supelco
Aflatoxin G2 solution, 0.5 μg/mL in acetonitrile, analytical standard
Supelco
Aflatoxin B2 solution, 0.5 μg/mL in acetonitrile, analytical standard
Sigma-Aldrich
Aflatoxin B2
Sigma-Aldrich
Aflatoxin B1 from Aspergillus flavus, from Aspergillus flavus
Supelco
Aflatoxin B2
Supelco
Aflatoxin B1 solution, 2 μg/mL in acetonitrile, analytical standard
Supelco
Aflatoxin G1
Aflatoxin B1 solution, 3.79 μg/g in acetonitrile, ERM®, certified reference material
Sigma-Aldrich
Aflatoxin G1, from Aspergillus flavus
Sigma-Aldrich
Aflatoxin G2