Rule of Fe0 nano-particles and biopolymer structures in kinds of the connected pairs to remove Acid Yellow 17 from aqueous solution: simultaneous removal of dye in two paths and by four mechanisms.

In this study, cyclohexane 1,3,5-tericarboxylic acid (CHA) and β-isopropylglutaric acid (IPA) were used to obtain the cross-linked forms of the extracted pectin from orange skin (PO), viz. PO-CHA and PO-IPA. These agents were used to stabilize the synthesized Fe(0) nano-particles (Fe(0) NPs) viz. the preparation of Fe(0)-PO, Fe(0)-PO-CHA and Fe(0)-PO-IPA, to compare their ability for the removal of Acid yellow 17 (AY 17) from aqueous solution. FT-IR spectra specified that bidentate bridging and monodentate interaction were the primary mechanisms for binding PO-CHA and PO-IPA molecules to Fe(0) NPs, respectively. The removal percent of AY 17 was determined 97.8, 92.8, 84.1, 79.6, 72.8, 61.5 and 45.6 by Fe(0)-PO-CHA, Fe(0)-PO-IPA, Fe(0)-PO, PO-CHA, PO-IPA, PO and Fe(0) NPs, respectively, for the dye initial concentration of 200 ppm, at the optimized conditions. In these agents, Fe(0) nano-particles performed the reduction process of AY 17, while the organic polymers performed its adsorption process.