Hematology Stains
In 1891, Romanowsky successfully used methylene blue solution to detect malarial parasites in blood. Almost incidentally he noticed that white blood cells were also brilliantly colored by the solution. Romanowsky found that best staining was obtained when methylene blue reagent was aged and formed a surface film. For the next decade, many variations of Romanowsky’s original stain were proposed by authorities such as Jenner, Nocht, Leishman, and others. Finally, in 1902 Wright and, in the same year, Giemsa proposed Romanowsky formulations that are still popular throughout the world. Today, stain technology has advanced from Romanowsky’s moldy solution to carefully prepared reagents that have more predictable behavior. Two of the most important Romanowsky reagents are Wright and Giemsa stains. Sigma-Aldrich has chemically defined these stains. Both are precisely formulated, performing optimally and predictably when used either manually or with automated stainers. Other popular products include our Fetal Hemoglobin kit and our Iron and Reticulocyte Stains. The hematology product line includes reagents "For In Vitro Diagnostic Use" for clinical laboratories.

Product #

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2852 Acid hematoxylin solution Nuclear counterstain. Included as a component in the Sigma Fetal Hemoglobin Procedure 285.
    • 2851 Citrate Phosphate Buffer Concentrate Used to elute adult hemoglobin by the procedure of Oski and Naiman, a modification of the Kleihauer Betke procedure for the demonstration of Fetal Hemoglobin. Included in Sigma procedure 285
    • 2853 Eosin B solution 0.1% aqueous solution Used as a counterstain in Sigma Procedure 285 for Fetal Hemoglobin.
    • 2858 Ethanol Fixative 80% v/v suitable for fixing solution (blood films) Used as a fixative for blood films in Sigma Procedure 285 for Fetal Hemoglobin
    • 2854 Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt solution 2%, solution  
    • 285C Fetal Hemoglobin Kit Intended for the acid elution of adult hemoglobin and the semi-quantitative determination of fetal hemaglobin in blood smears.
    • 285D Fetal Hemoglobin Kit Intended for the acid elution of adult hemoglobin and the semi-quantitative determination of fetal hemaglobin in blood smears.
    • GS500 Giemsa stain, modified Giemsa stain, modified has been used in:
    • The Boyden chamber assay to study leukocyte chemotaxis.
    • Determining the number of chromosomes present in cells of newly synthesized skin tissue.
    • Chromosome aberration test.

    When blood films are stained using Giemsa Stain, the nucleus and cytoplasm of white blood cells take on characteristic blue or pink coloration. The use of purified eosin and thiazine dyes minimizes lot-to-lot variation.
    • GS1L Giemsa stain, modified When blood films are stained using Giemsa Stain, the nucleus and cytoplasm of white blood cells take on characteristic blue or pink coloration. The use of purified eosin and thiazine dyes minimizes lot-to-lot variation.
    • GS80 Giemsa stain, modified When blood films are stained using Giemsa Stain, the nucleus and cytoplasm of white blood cells take on characteristic blue or pink coloration. The use of purified eosin and thiazine dyes minimizes lot-to-lot variation.
    • GS128 Giemsa stain, modified When blood films are stained using Giemsa Stain, the nucleus and cytoplasm of white blood cells take on characteristic blue or pink coloration. The use of purified eosin and thiazine dyes minimizes lot-to-lot variation.
    • MG500 May-Grünwald Stain For use in the differential staining of cellular elements of blood
    • MG1L May-Grünwald Stain For use in the differential staining of cellular elements of blood
    • MG80 May-Grünwald Stain For use in the differential staining of cellular elements of blood
    • MG128 May-Grünwald Stain For use in the differential staining of cellular elements of blood
    • P8165 Phosphate Buffer pH 6.6 at 25 °C For use with Wright Stain for Geometric Data Hemastainer®.
    • P3288 Phosphate buffer pH 7.2 at 25 °C for hematology and histology staining techniques Intended for use as a buffer in various Romanowsky type staining procedures, including Wright Stain, Wright Giemsa, Giemsa, May Grunwald, Jenner and Leishman. Phosphate buffer pH 7.2 at 25 °C has been used in oocyte collection from porcine ovaries.
    • P8920 Poly-L-lysine solution 0.1 % (w/v) in H2O Poly-L-lysine polymers can be used in promoting cell adhesion to solid substrates, conjugation to methotrexate for increased drug transport, microencapsulation of islets, cell microencapsulation technology, microarray glass slide coating, and chromosomal preparations. Lower molecular weight poly-L-lysine (30,000-70,000) is less viscuous in solution, but higher molecular weight versions provide more attachment sites per molecule.
    Poly-L-lysine solution has been used for the attachment of endothelial cell cross sections to UV-crosslinked PET membrane frame slides. Poly-L-lysine coated slides were used for the placement of tissue sections for immunohistochemical assay.
    • R4132 Reticulocyte Stain Utilizes New Methylene Blue for the identification of reticulocytes in blood films. Reticulocyte Stain has been used in the detection of reticulocytes.
    • RS2 Rinse solution no. 2 Intended for use as a buffer with various Romanowky type staining procedures, specifically those performed on the Hematek. RS2 is a component of Sigma products WGHT, WSHT and WSHT-S.
    • SL2 Sigmacote® siliconizing reagent for glass and other surfaces Sigmacote® has been used to prevent adhesion of the growth factors to plasticware. It has also been used to coat coverslip in order to prevent the adhesion of larval brain during squashing.
    • WSHT Wright Stain Set for Hema-Tek® I, 1000 and 2000 Specific packaging intended for use on the Hema-Tek and Hema-Tek 1000 hematology stainers.
    • WS16 Wright Stain, Modified Popular hematology stain used for differentially staining the cellular elements of blood. For dip, rack, and batch staining techniques.
    Wright Stain, Modified has been used in:
    • Phagocytosis assay and puberty.
    • Estrous cycle examinations.
    • Staining, to differentiate neutrophils.
    • WS32 Wright Stain, Modified Popular hematology stain used for differentially staining the cellular elements of blood. For dip, rack, and batch staining techniques.
    Wright Stain, Modified has been used in hematological assays, to obtain the differential count of leukocytes.
    • WS128 Wright Stain, Modified Popular hematology stain used for differentially staining the cellular elements of blood. For dip, rack, and batch staining techniques.
    • WS80 Wright Stain, Modified Popular hematology stain used for differentially staining the cellular elements of blood. For dip, rack, and batch staining techniques.
    • WGHT Wright-Giemsa Stain Set for Hema-Tek® 1, 1000 and 2000 Set includes a single reagent Wright Stain with two rinse solutions.
    • WG16 Wright-Giemsa Stain, Modified When blood films are stained using Wright-Giemsa Stain, the white blood cell nucleus and cytoplasm take on the characteristic blue or pink coloration. The combination of purified eosin and thiazine dyes in the product eliminates inconsistent staining and yields reproducible chromogenic responses.
    Wright-Giemsa Stain, Modified has been used in:
    • Blood cell staining.
    • Metal-induced chemotaxis assay.
    • Cell proliferation and morphology assessment.
    • Morphologic examination to diagnose acute myeloid leukemia.
    • WG32 Wright-Giemsa Stain, Modified When blood films are stained using Wright-Giemsa Stain, the white blood cell nucleus and cytoplasm take on the characteristic blue or pink coloration. The combination of purified eosin and thiazine dyes in the product eliminates inconsistent staining and yields reproducible chromogenic responses.
    • WG128 Wright-Giemsa Stain, Modified When blood films are stained using Wright-Giemsa Stain, the white blood cell nucleus and cytoplasm take on the characteristic blue or pink coloration. The combination of purified eosin and thiazine dyes in the product eliminates inconsistent staining and yields reproducible chromogenic responses.
    • WG80 Wright-Giemsa Stain, Modified When blood films are stained using Wright-Giemsa Stain, the white blood cell nucleus and cytoplasm take on the characteristic blue or pink coloration. The combination of purified eosin and thiazine dyes in the product eliminates inconsistent staining and yields reproducible chromogenic responses.