Characterization of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated naphthalenes in the environment surrounding secondary copper and aluminum metallurgical facilities in China.

Characterization of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans, dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls, and polychlorinated naphthalenes in the environment surrounding secondary copper and aluminum metallurgical facilities in China.

Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987) (2014-07-02)

Jicheng Hu, Minghui Zheng, Wenbin Liu, Zhiqiang Nie, Changliang Li, Guorui Liu, Ke Xiao

ABSTRACT

Unintentionally produced persistent organic pollutants (UP-POPs) were determined in ambient air from around five secondary non-ferrous metal processing plants in China, to investigate the potential impacts of the emissions of these plants on their surrounding environments. The target compounds were polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), dioxin-like polychlorinated biphenyls (dl-PCBs), and polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs). The PCDD/F, dl-PCB, and PCN concentrations in the ambient air downwind of the plants were 4.70-178, 8.23-7520 and 152-4190 pg/m(3), respectively, and the concentrations upwind of the plants were lower. Clear correlations were found between ambient air and stack gas concentrations of the PCDD/Fs, dl-PCBs, and PCNs among the five plants, respectively. Furthermore, the UP-POPs homolog and congener patterns in the ambient air were similar to the patterns in the stack gas samples. These results indicate that UP-POPs emissions from the plants investigated have obvious impacts on the environments surrounding the plants.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

IRMM522C

Copper, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.5 mm wire

266086

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, powder, <425 μm, 99.5% trace metals basis

266957

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

BCR054R

Copper (O), BCR^®, certified reference material, rod

IRMM522A

Copper, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.1 mm foil

BCR017B

Copper (S, P), BCR^®, certified reference material, chips

IRMM523A

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.1 mm foil

223409

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, shot, −3-+14 mesh, 99%

311405

Sigma-Aldrich

Copper, ACS reagent, granular, 10-40 mesh, ≥99.90%

GF95872225

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 4.0mm, inside diameter 3.2mm, wall thickness 0.4mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF42838162

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 6.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 1.0mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF53102438

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.2mm, inside diameter 0.56mm, wall thickness 0.32mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF31266121

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.5mm, inside diameter 0.6mm, wall thickness 0.45mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF97831806

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 6.35mm, inside diameter 4.93mm, wall thickness 0.71mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF35241892

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.25mm, inside diameter 0.05mm, wall thickness 0.1mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF37574523

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 6.35mm, inside diameter 4.93mm, wall thickness 0.71mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF64429016

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 2.5mm, inside diameter 1.9mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF10995914

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 5.0mm, inside diameter 4mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF73652250

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 1.5mm, inside diameter 0.6mm, wall thickness 0.45mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF35866761

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 10.4mm, inside diameter 10mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF46565286

Copper, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 12.7mm, inside diameter 10.26mm, wall thickness 1.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF53626653

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 2.5mm, inside diameter 1.9mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF04958084

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0.072g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF05544446

Copper - O.F.H.C., foil, 1m coil, thickness 0.025mm, hard, 99.95+%

GF17777751

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 0.65mm, inside diameter 0.21mm, wall thickness 0.22mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF82636162

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 25.4mm, inside diameter 18.9mm, wall thickness 3.25mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF52673250

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.75mm, inside diameter 0.33mm, wall thickness 0.71mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF51897268

Copper, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 1.0mm, inside diameter 0.24mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF74590724

Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 26.5mm, cell size 6.3mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.083g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), facing skin glass fiber 0.5mm, 99.9%

GF51053699

Copper, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.2mm, wall thickness 0.9mm, as drawn, 99.9%