Urinary lipid and protein oxidation products upon halothane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane anesthesia in humans: potential biomarkers for a subclinical nephrotoxicity.

To investigate whether lipid and protein oxidation products are elevated and correlated with routine clinical markers of hepatic and renal function in patients anesthetized with halothane, isoflurane, or sevoflurane. Urine and blood samples were collected from patient groups. Excretion of aldehydes, acetone, and o,o'-dityrosine was measured before and after anesthesia. Blood samples were analysed for clinical markers. Urinary concentrations of aldehydes, acetone, o,o'-dityrosine and glucose were significantly increased after anesthesia in halothane and sevoflurane groups earlier than clinical markers. Significant correlations were found in sevoflurane group. Lipid and protein oxidation contributes to subclinical sevoflurane nephrotoxicity. Oxidation products may serve as early biomarkers.