The product is titrated against standardized NaOH. The lot-specific results that is reported on its Certificate of Analysis is determined as % w/w.
F0507
Formic acid
reagent grade, ≥95%
Formic acid
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About This Item
Linear Formula:
HCOOH
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
46.03
UNSPSC Code:
12352106
NACRES:
NA.21
PubChem Substance ID:
EC Number:
200-579-1
Beilstein/REAXYS Number:
1209246
MDL number:
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Product Name
Formic acid, reagent grade, ≥95%
InChI key
BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
InChI
1S/CH2O2/c2-1-3/h1H,(H,2,3)
SMILES string
OC=O
grade
reagent grade
vapor density
1.6 (vs air)
vapor pressure
44.8 mmHg ( 20 °C)
assay
≥95%
form
liquid
autoignition temp.
1004 °F
contains
<2.5% water as stabilizer
expl. lim.
57 %
Quality Level
greener alternative product characteristics
Catalysis
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impurities
≤1% acetic acid
refractive index
n20/D 1.370 (lit.)
pH
2.2 (20 °C, 2.2 g/L)
bp
100-101 °C (lit.)
mp
8.2-8.4 °C (lit.)
solubility
water: miscible
density
1.22 g/mL at 25 °C (lit.)
greener alternative category
storage temp.
room temp
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Related Categories
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This Item | W248703 | PHR3559 | 1283200 |
|---|---|---|---|
| grade reagent grade | grade FG, Halal, Kosher | grade certified reference material, pharmaceutical secondary standard | grade pharmaceutical primary standard |
| assay ≥95% | assay ≥95% | assay - | assay - |
| Quality Level 100 | Quality Level 400 | Quality Level 300 | Quality Level - |
| form liquid | form liquid | form - | form liquid |
| pH 2.2 (20 °C, 2.2 g/L) | pH 2.2 (20 °C, 2.2 g/L) | pH - | pH 2.2 (20 °C, 2.2 g/L) |
| storage temp. room temp | storage temp. - | storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. 2-8°C |
Application
- Electrochemical CO(2) Reduction on Metallic and Oxidized Tin: This study uses grand-canonical density functional theory (DFT) and in situ attenuated total reflectance surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (ATR-SEIRA) to investigate electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction on tin surfaces, where formic acid could play a role in understanding reaction mechanisms (Whittaker et al., 2024).
- Simultaneous Measurement of COVID-19 Treatment Drugs: This research demonstrates the use of UPLC-MS/MS for the simultaneous measurement of COVID-19 treatment drugs in rat plasma, indicating the importance of formic acid in preparing samples or as a mobile phase additive for better chromatographic separation (Zhou et al., 2024).
- Metabolite Profiling of Liquiritin: The study involves metabolite profiling using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS), where formic acid is likely utilized in sample preparation or chromatographic processes (Chen et al., 2024).
- Analysis of Cocaine and Its Metabolites: This article explores solid-phase extraction followed by UHPLC-ESI-MS/MS analysis of cocaine metabolites, a method that often incorporates formic acid to enhance the ionization of analytes (Makhdoom et al., 2024).
- Determination of Antimicrobial Compounds in Pigs: This research uses UHPLC-MS/MS for the simultaneous determination of various antimicrobial compounds, demonstrating formic acid′s role in sample processing and chromatographic separation (Nowacka-Kozak et al., 2024).
Formic acid is used as a reducing agent in the:
Additionally, it is used as a hydrogen donor during the transformation of the furanose form into the pyranose form of glucose and in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction. [4]
- synthesis of graphene from graphene oxide. [1]
- catalytic reduction of chromium (Cr(VI) to Cr(III)) by colloidal palladium. [2]
Additionally, it is used as a hydrogen donor during the transformation of the furanose form into the pyranose form of glucose and in the catalytic transfer hydrogenation reaction. [4]
General description
Formic acid (HCOOH, FA) is the simplest carboxylic acid that is mostly found in insect bites and stings. It is widely utilized as a hydrogen storage molecule due to its low toxicity, recyclability, ease of usage, and liquid state in ambient conditions. [5]
We are committed to bringing you Greener Alternative Products, which adhere to one or more of The 12 Principles of Greener Chemistry. This product has been enhanced for catalysis. Click here for more information.
signalword
Danger
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 3 Inhalation - Acute Tox. 4 Oral - Eye Dam. 1 - Flam. Liq. 3 - Skin Corr. 1A
supp_hazards
Storage Class
3 - Flammable liquids
wgk
WGK 1
flash_point_f
121.1 °F - closed cup
flash_point_c
49.5 °C - closed cup
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Microstructure and activity of Pd catalysts prepared on commercial carbon support for the liquid phase decomposition of formic acid
GM A, et al.
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 48, 2628-2639 (2023)
Hydrogen energy future with formic acid: a renewable chemical hydrogen storage system
Ashish Kumar S, et al.
Catalysis Science & Technology, 6, 12-40 (2016)
Protocol for the induction of arthritis in C57BL/6 mice.
Inglis JJ et al.
Nature Protocols, 612-612 (2008)
A new process of ketamine synthesis from 2-(2-chlorophenyl)-2-nitrocyclohexanone proposed by analyzing drug materials and chemicals seized in Taiwan
Yao-Te Y, et al.
Forensic Science International, 349, 111776-111776 (2023)
Palladium nanoparticles for catalytic reduction of Cr (VI) using formic acid
Omole, Marcells A O, et al.
Applied Catalysis. B, Environmental, 76, 158-167 (2007)
Articles
LC-MS/MS-based determination of 19 sulfonamides, 13 quinolones, and 3 tetracycline drug residues in pork meat samples using Supel™ Swift HLB for extraction.
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If this product has an expiration or retest date, it will be shown on the Certificate of Analysis (COA, CofA). If there is no retest or expiration date listed on the product's COA, we do not have suitable stability data to determine a shelf life. For these products, the only date on the COA will be the release date; a retest, expiration, or use-by-date will not be displayed.
For all products, we recommend handling per defined conditions as printed in our product literature and website product descriptions. We recommend that products should be routinely inspected by customers to ensure they perform as expected.
For products without retest or expiration dates, our standard warranty of 1 year from the date of shipment is applicable.
For more information, please refer to the Product Dating Information document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/418/501/product-dating-information-06-25-mk.pdfHelpful?
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Products may be shipped at a different temperature than the recommended long-term storage temperature. If the product quality is sensitive to short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped on wet or dry-ice. If the product quality is NOT affected by short-term exposure to conditions other than the recommended long-term storage, it will be shipped at ambient temperature. As shipping routes are configured for minimum transit times, shipping at ambient temperature helps control shipping costs for our customers. For more information, please refer to the Storage and Transport Conditions document: https://www.sigmaaldrich.com/deepweb/assets/sigmaaldrich/marketing/global/documents/316/622/storage-transport-conditions-mk.pdf
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