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M2272
Melittin from honey bee venom
≥85% (HPLC)
Melittin from honey bee venom
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1 MG
PLN 340.00
5 MG
PLN 1,140.00
25 MG
PLN 4,040.00
About This Item
Empirical Formula (Hill Notation):
C131H229N39O31
CAS Number:
Molecular Weight:
2846.46
NACRES:
NA.32
PubChem Substance ID:
UNSPSC Code:
12352200
MDL number:
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InChI
1S/C131H229N39O31/c1-23-71(16)102(163-97(176)60-135)122(194)146-62-98(177)148-74(19)109(181)164-100(69(12)13)124(196)160-88(55-65(4)5)116(188)155-84(41-30-33-51-134)115(187)165-101(70(14)15)125(197)161-90(57-67(8)9)118(190)168-106(77(22)173)128(200)169-105(76(21)172)123(195)147-63-99(178)150-92(58-68(10)11)129(201)170-54-36-44-94(170)121(193)149-75(20)108(180)158-89(56-66(6)7)117(189)166-104(73(18)25-3)127(199)162-93(64-171)120(192)159-91(59-78-61-145-80-38-27-26-37-79(78)80)119(191)167-103(72(17)24-2)126(198)157-83(40-29-32-50-133)111(183)154-85(42-34-52-143-130(139)140)112(184)152-82(39-28-31-49-132)110(182)153-86(43-35-53-144-131(141)142)113(185)156-87(46-48-96(137)175)114(186)151-81(107(138)179)45-47-95(136)174/h26-27,37-38,61,65-77,81-94,100-106,145,171-173H,23-25,28-36,39-60,62-64,132-135H2,1-22H3,(H2,136,174)(H2,137,175)(H2,138,179)(H,146,194)(H,147,195)(H,148,177)(H,149,193)(H,150,178)(H,151,186)(H,152,184)(H,153,182)(H,154,183)(H,155,188)(H,156,185)(H,157,198)(H,158,180)(H,159,192)(H,160,196)(H,161,197)(H,162,199)(H,163,176)(H,164,181)(H,165,187)(H,166,189)(H,167,191)(H,168,190)(H,169,200)(H4,139,140,143)(H4,141,142,144)/t71-,72-,73-,74-,75-,76+,77+,81-,82-,83-,84-,85-,86-,87-,88-,89-,90-,91-,92-,93-,94-,100-,101-,102-,103-,104-,105-,106-/m0/s1
SMILES string
CC[C@H](C)[C@H](NC(=O)CN)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](C(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)O)C(=O)NCC(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N1CCC[C@H]1C(=O)N[C@@H](C)C(=O)N[C@@H](CC(C)C)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CO)C(=O)N[C@@H](Cc2c[nH]c3ccccc23)C(=O)N[C@@H]([C@@H](C)CC)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCCN)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCCNC(N)=N)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(=O)N[C@@H](CCC(N)=O)C(N)=O
InChI key
VDXZNPDIRNWWCW-JFTDCZMZSA-N
biological source
animal (Apis mellifera)
assay
≥85% (HPLC)
form
lyophilized powder
mol wt
~_2.8 kDa
solubility
water: 5.00-5.20 mg/mL, clear, colorless to faintly yellow
antibiotic activity spectrum
Gram-negative bacteria, Gram-positive bacteria
foreign activity
Phospholipase A2 ≤0.5%
mode of action
cell membrane | interferes
storage temp.
−20°C
Quality Level
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1 of 4
This Item | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| biological source animal (Apis mellifera) | biological source - | biological source chicken egg white | biological source - |
| assay ≥85% (HPLC) | assay - | assay ≥98% (agarose gel electrophoresis) | assay - |
| Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 200 | Quality Level 300 | Quality Level 200 |
| form lyophilized powder | form lyophilized powder | form lyophilized powder | form lyophilized powder |
| storage temp. −20°C | storage temp. −20°C | storage temp. 2-8°C | storage temp. −20°C |
| mol wt ~_2.8 kDa | mol wt ~_2.8 kDa | mol wt 44287 Da by calculation | mol wt - |
General description
Chemical structure: peptide
Melittin is hydrophobic in nature except for a region with Lys-Arg-Lys-Arg sequence near C-terminal end. This structural characteristic makes melittin a highly surface-active and a powerful, direct haemolytic agent.† The encoded protein containins 26 amino acids. Monomeric form of melittin has a molecular weight of 2,840 Daltons and tetrameric form has molecular weight of approximately 12,500 Daltons.
Application
Melittin from honey bee venom has been used:
- In 3-(4, 5-dimethyl thiazol-2-yl)-2,5diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay to determine its cytotoxicity effect on the growth of human cell lines.
- To study the anti-microbial activity of melittin on the growth of Borrelia burgdorferi in in vitro conditions.
- As a positive control in hemolysis assay and as a cytotoxic agent against HeLa cells.[1]
Biochem/physiol Actions
Binds calmodulin in a Ca2+-dependent manner; inhibits Na+-K+-ATPase.
Melittin acts as an anti-coagulating protein by increasing the time of blood clotting in vitro. Melittin inhibits the activity of S100 calcium-binding protein B (S100B) and plays a vital role in Epilepsy treatment.
Other Notes
The principle hemolytic component of honeybee venom.
signalword
Danger
hcodes
Hazard Classifications
Acute Tox. 3 Dermal - Acute Tox. 3 Oral
Storage Class
6.1A - Combustible acute toxic Cat. 1 and 2 / very toxic hazardous materials
wgk
WGK 3
flash_point_f
Not applicable
flash_point_c
Not applicable
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Selective cytotoxicity Assay in anticancer drug of Melittin Isolated from
Bee Venom (Apis cerana indica) to several human cell lines: HeLa,
WiDr and Vero.
Bee Venom (Apis cerana indica) to several human cell lines: HeLa,
WiDr and Vero.
Plasay M
Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences
, 9:4, 2674-2676 (2016)
Ipsita Saha et al.
Viruses, 13(10) (2021-10-27)
Immature HIV virions harbor a lattice of Gag molecules with significant ordering in CA-NTD, CA-CTD and SP1 regions. This ordering plays a major role during HIV maturation. To test the condition in which the Gag lattice forms in vivo, we
The antimicrobial agent melittin exhibits powerful in vitro inhibitory effects on the Lyme disease spirochete.
Lubke LL and Garon CF
Clinical Infectious Diseases, suppl 1, S48-S51 (1997)
Structural and Dynamic Insights into S100B Protein Activity Inhibition by Melittin for the Treatment of Epilepsy
Verma N
International Journal of Computer Applications, 55-60 (2013)
Honey Bee Venom (Apis mellifera) Contains Anticoagulation Factors and Increases the Blood-clotting Time.
Zolfagharian H
Journal of pharmacopuncture, 18(4), 7-11 (2015)
Articles
Syntetyzowane rybosomalnie peptydy przeciwdrobnoustrojowe są obiecującym przedmiotem badań nad antybiotykami w obliczu oporności bakterii i pojawiających się chorób zakaźnych.
Ribosomally synthesized antimicrobial peptides are a promising focus in antibiotic research amidst bacterial resistance and emerging infectious diseases.
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