A review of the literature of rotenone, 1,2,12,12a-tetrahydro-8,9-dimethoxy-2-(1-methylethenyl)-1-benzopyrano[3,5-b]furo[2,3-h][1]benzopyran-6(6h)-one.

The chemistry, biotransformation, pharmacology, toxicology, and carcinogenicity of rotenone have been reviewed. Further investigation of the biotransformation pathways of rotenone and other rotenoids should be undertaken. The acute and chronic toxicology, particularly at low concentration, should be determined in order to develop toxicity rating for this class of chemicals. A mutagenic study utilizing all presently available methods would add further knowledge concerning sites of action. More information is required to properly evaluate the hazards to humans from rotenone and other rotenoids. Carcinogenic studies at low concentrations with large groups of rodents must be undertaken to settle the present dilemma of carcinogenicity vs. non-carcinogenicity. Moreover, an epidemiological study of exposed workers might develop information concerning the toxicology of rotenone as well as its possible carcinogenicity to humans.