Alcohol and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

Alcohol and oral squamous cell carcinoma.

SADJ : journal of the South African Dental Association = tydskrif van die Suid-Afrikaanse Tandheelkundige Vereniging (2013-08-27)

L Feller, R Chandran, R A G Khammissa, R Meyerov, J Lemmer

PMID23971298

ABSTRACT

Alcohol is a risk factor for oral squamous cell carcinoma. It enhances the permeability of the oral epithelium, acts as a solvent for tobacco carcinogens, induces basal-cell proliferation, and generates free radicals and acetaldehyde, which have the capacity to cause DNA damage. Alcohol-associated malnutrition and immune suppression may further promote carcinogenesis. However, acetaldehyde, the first metabolite of ethanol, is the critical agent by which prolonged and excessive consumption of alcoholic beverages increases the risk of oral squamous cell carcinoma. Alcohol also acts synergistically with the products of tobacco combustion in the pathogenesis of oral squamous cell carcinoma.

MATERIALI

Numero di prodotto

Marchio

Descrizione del prodotto

459844

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 200 proof, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%

493546

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure, 200 proof, meets USP testing specifications

E7148

Sigma-Aldrich

Ethyl alcohol, Pure 190 proof, for molecular biology

402788

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetaldeide, ACS reagent, ≥99.5%

W200336

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetaldeide, natural, FG

51976

Sigma-Aldrich

Etanolo, BioUltra, Molecular Biology, ≥99.8%, (absolute alcohol, without additive, A15 o¹)

00070

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetaldeide, puriss. p.a., anhydrous, ≥99.5% (GC)

PHR1070

Supelco

Etanolo, Pharmaceutical Secondary Standard; Certified Reference Material

02483

Supelco

Etanolo, standard for GC

02857

Sigma-Aldrich

Etanolo, purum, fine spirit, denaturated with 4.8% methanol, F25 METHYL¹, ~96% (based on denaturant-free substance)

506788

Supelco

Acetaldeide, PESTANAL^®, analytical standard

00071

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetaldeide, ReagentPlus^®, ≥99.0% (GC)

E-029

Supelco

Ethanol-50, 50 mg/dL in H₂O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

E-033

Supelco

Ethanol-300, 300 mg/dL in H₂O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

277649

Sigma-Aldrich

Reagent Alcohol, anhydrous, ≤0.003% water

W200328

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetaldehyde solution, 50 wt. % in ethanol

W200379

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetaldehyde solution, 40 wt. % in H₂O

E-040

Supelco

Ethanol-10, 10 mg/dL in H₂O, pack of 10 × 1.2 mL ampules, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

E-030

Supelco

Ethanol-80, 80 mg/dL in H₂O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

E-031

Supelco

Ethanol-100 (10 ampules/kit), 100 mg/dL in H₂O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

02890

Sigma-Aldrich

Etanolo, purum, fine spirit, denaturated with 2% 2-butanone, F25 MEK¹, ~96% (based on denaturant-free substance)

02851

Sigma-Aldrich

Etanolo

676829

Sigma-Aldrich

Reagent Alcohol, anhydrous, ≤0.005% water

48075

Supelco

Ethanol solution, certified reference material, 2000 μg/mL in methanol

29221

Sigma-Aldrich

Etanolo, tested according to Ph. Eur.

E-053

Supelco

Ethanol-500, 500 mg/dL in H₂O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

E-041

Supelco

Ethanol-150, 150 mg/dL in H₂O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

02882

Sigma-Aldrich

Etanolo, purum, absolute ethanol, denaturated with 2% 2-butanone, A15 MEK¹, ≥99.8% (based on denaturant-free substance)

E-032

Supelco

Ethanol-200 (10 ampules/kit), 200 mg/dL in H₂O, ampule of 10 × 1.2 mL, certified reference material, Cerilliant^®

W200344

Sigma-Aldrich

Acetaldehyde solution, natural, 50 wt. % ethanol, FG