Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Aluminum toxicity and astrocyte dysfunction: a metabolic link to neurological disorders.

Journal of inorganic biochemistry (2011-11-22)

Joseph Lemire, Vasu D Appanna

PMID22099161

ABSTRACT

Aluminum (Al) has been implicated in a variety of neurological diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms that enable Al to be involved in these disorders have yet to be fully delineated. Using astrocytes as a model of the cerebral cellular system, we have uncovered the biochemical networks that are affected by Al toxicity. In this review, we reveal how the inhibitory influence of Al on ATP production and on mitochondrial functions help generate globular astrocytes that are fat producing machines. These biological events may be the contributing factors to Al-triggered brain disorders.

MATERIALI

Numero di prodotto

Marchio

Descrizione del prodotto

266523

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ReagentPlus^®, beads, 5-15 mm, 99.9% trace metals basis

518573

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, granular, <1 mm, 99.7% trace metals basis

266558

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326852

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.25 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

338788

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-12 mm, 99.99% trace metals basis

266574

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.45-0.55 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

326860

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 0.13 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

310360

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, ACS reagent, 99%, wire, wire diam. ~1.5 mm

733369

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 8 μm, 99% trace metals basis

326887

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, wire, diam. 0.58 mm, ≥99.99% trace metals basis

326941

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, pellets, 3-8 mesh, ≥99.999% trace metals basis

433705

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, evaporation slug, diam. × L 6.3 mm × 6.3 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

GF29732496

Aluminum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 1.62mm, wall thickness 0.69mm, hard, 99.5%

266957

Sigma-Aldrich

Aluminum, foil, thickness 1.0 mm, 99.999% trace metals basis

GF44675781

Aluminum, rod, 1000mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%

GF20784360

Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 2.5mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF94706354

Aluminum, mesh, 150x150mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF85240694

Aluminum, honeycomb, 600x600mm, thickness 20mm, cell size 3.2mm, cell wall 0.025mm, core density 0.072g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%

GF38294646

Aluminum, mesh, 300x300mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF74087758

Aluminum, wire reel, 1m, diameter 0.02mm, hard, 99.99%

IRMM523B

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 1.0 mm foil

GF98718935

Aluminum, sphere, 100pcs, diameter 1.0mm, aluminum alloy 2017 precision sphere, grade 200, 95.2%

GF53821234

Aluminum, mesh, 900x900mm, nominal aperture 0.38mm, wire diameter 0.25mm, 40x40 wires/inch, open area 37%, plain weave mesh

GF24569602

Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 30mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF02417677

Aluminum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.86mm, inside diameter 0.76mm, wall thickness 0.05mm, as drawn, 99.5%

IRMM523A

Aluminum, IRMM^®, certified reference material, 0.1 mm foil

GF26812043

Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 3.2mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, 16 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF51598761

Aluminum, rod, 200mm, diameter 12.7mm, 99%

GF33055185

Aluminum, foam, 150x150mm, thickness 6.35mm, bulk density 0.2g/cm³, porosity 0.93, 16 pores/cm, aluminum 6101 grade, 98.5%

GF86118969

Aluminum, honeycomb, 300x300mm, thickness 5mm, cell size 19mm, cell wall 0.064mm, core density 0.029g/cm³, phenolic adhesive (resin), 99.5%