Biological performance of tantalum.

Biological performance of tantalum.

Clinical materials (1993-12-09)

J Black

ABSTRACT

A detailed literature search was carried out to define the current knowledge about the biological performance of tantalum. The pure metal appears, to a great degree, to be inert both in vivo and in vitro. Both the pure metal and its principle oxide possess low solubility and toxicity; however, halide compounds are more biologically active. Local host response is benign, characterized by vital encapsulation in soft tissue and frequent osteointegration, reminiscent of titanium, in hard tissue. Tantalum has been in clinical use since before 1940 and has found a wide range of diagnostic and implant applications, with apparently overall excellent results. In some applications, such as for radiographic bone markers and cranial closure, tantalum may well be the current material of choice. In summary, metallic tantalum is a promising biomaterial whose applications have been limited by technical rather than biological performance considerations.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

692824

Sigma-Aldrich

Tantalum, powder, 60-100 mesh, 99.9%

GF90076989

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.0015mm, 99.9%

GF65369324

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.05mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF15129817

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF64866202

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 82x100mm, thickness 0.006mm, 99.9%

GF37455970

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 0.31mm, inside diameter 0.19mm, wall thickness 0.06mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF24352028

Tantalum, rod, 100mm, diameter 6.35mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF63410048

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.0075mm, 99.9%

GF35443672

Tantalum, foil, 6mm disks, thickness 0.0125mm, 99.9%

GF84004231

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 7.0mm, inside diameter 6.7mm, wall thickness 0.15mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF93289090

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.9%

GF84327510

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF89056648

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.003mm, 99.9%

GF28826152

Tantalum, rod, 50mm, diameter 18mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF35633785

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.015mm, 99.9%

GF13029634

Tantalum, rod, 500mm, diameter 1.0mm, 99.9%

GF79543110

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF42703332

Tantalum, rod, 200mm, diameter 1.5mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF44912190

Tantalum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.4mm, wall thickness 0.3mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF13111423

Tantalum, rod, 100mm, diameter 5.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF15731186

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF23427873

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.0mm, inside diameter 2mm, wall thickness 0.5mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF49325643

Tantalum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 1.05mm, inside diameter 0.65mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF52742099

Tantalum, foil, light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.034mm, as rolled, 99.9%

GF59129826

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 3.5mm, inside diameter 3.1mm, wall thickness 0.2mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF29028405

Tantalum, rod, 100mm, diameter 10.0mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF38737929

Tantalum, pellets, 20g, max. size 10mm, 99.9%

GF99532592

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 8.7mm, inside diameter 8.34mm, wall thickness 0.18mm, as drawn, 99.9%

GF01901539

Tantalum, foil, not light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.002mm, 99.9%

GF11770714

Tantalum, tube, 100mm, outside diameter 1.02mm, inside diameter 0.86mm, wall thickness 0.08mm, as drawn, 99.9%