Molybdenum and tungsten enzymes: a crystallographic and mechanistic overview.

Molybdenum and tungsten enzymes: a crystallographic and mechanistic overview.

Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) (2009-05-20)

Maria João Romão

PMID19452052

ABSTRACT

Molybdenum and tungsten enzymes which contain the pyranopterin cofactor are ubiquitous in Nature and perform a wide variety of biological functions. They catalyze a diversity of mostly two-electron oxidation-reduction reactions crucial in the metabolism of nitrogen, sulfur and carbon. These enzymes share common structural features, but reveal different polypeptide folding topologies and different active site coordination geometries, which, in part, dictate their function and specificity. On the basis of structural, spectroscopic and biochemical characteristics, they have been classified into three broad families named according to well-studied enzymes of each family: xanthine oxidase, sulfite oxidase and DMSO reductase. An overview of the X-ray crystallography data for representative members of the three enzyme families is given here, focusing on the mechanistic implications drawn from the structural data.

MATERIALS

Product Number

Brand

Product Description

GF39956822

Molybdenum, wire reel, 1000m, diameter 0.03mm, hard, 99.95%

GF43142969

Tungsten, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF59032481

Tungsten, insulated wire, 5m, conductor diameter 0.0125mm, insulation thickness 0.0035mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF14483088

Tungsten, insulated wire, 0.2m, conductor diameter 0.015mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF04296618

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.075mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF32754595

Tungsten, foil, light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.075mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF01988501

Molybdenum, tube, 500mm, outside diameter 2.0mm, inside diameter 1.3mm, wall thickness 0.35mm, 99.9%

GF21637896

Tungsten, insulated wire, 20m, conductor diameter 0.05mm, insulation thickness 0.008mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF53130945

Tungsten, foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.05mm, coil width .51mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF15129019

Molybdenum, wire reel, 0.5m, diameter 1.25mm, annealed, 99.95%

GF42004707

Tungsten, foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.10mm, coil width .9mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF94718199

Molybdenum, rod, 200mm, diameter 5.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF75205885

Tungsten, foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.1mm, coil width 1.5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF16892242

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.9%

GF82229542

Tungsten, insulated wire, 0.5m, conductor diameter 0.015mm, insulation thickness 0.002mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF06146805

Tungsten, foil, not light tested, 25x25mm, thickness 0.004mm, 99.95%

GF37855974

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 29x200mm, thickness 0.0712mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF31886589

Tungsten, foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.035mm, coil width .5mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF98181748

Molybdenum, rod, 500mm, diameter 15.0mm, centerless ground, 99.9%

GF75672254

Tungsten, insulated wire, 2m, conductor diameter 0.0125mm, insulation thickness 0.0035mm, polyimide insulation, 99.9%

GF31324384

Tungsten, foil, 5m coil, thickness 0.025mm, coil width 1mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF43249169

Molybdenum, foil, not light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.05mm, annealed, 99.9%

GF33636753

Molybdenum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 3.15mm, inside diameter 2.39mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, 99.9%

GF97787851

Molybdenum, tube, 200mm, outside diameter 6.0mm, inside diameter 4.4mm, wall thickness 0.8mm, 99.9%

GF17021393

Molybdenum, tube, 1000mm, outside diameter 3.15mm, inside diameter 2.39mm, wall thickness 0.38mm, 99.9%

GF11784449

Tungsten, foil, light tested, 150x150mm, thickness 0.025mm, as rolled, 99.95%

GF62073299

Molybdenum, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.005mm, 99.9%

GF11002149

Molybdenum, foil, not light tested, 100x100mm, thickness 0.01mm, 99.9%

GF48963549

Molybdenum, foil, light tested, 50x50mm, thickness 0.006mm, 99.9%

GF73441199

Tungsten, microfoil, disks, 10mm, thinness 0.1μm, specific density 182μg/cm², permanent mylar 3.5μm support, 99.95%